/*
 * Copyright (c) 2020, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
 *
 * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
 * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
 * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
 * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
 * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
 * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
 */

#include "av1/common/reconintra.h"

#include "av1/encoder/intra_mode_search.h"
#include "av1/encoder/intra_mode_search_utils.h"
#include "av1/encoder/palette.h"
#include "av1/encoder/tx_search.h"

/*!\cond */
static const PREDICTION_MODE intra_rd_search_mode_order[INTRA_MODES] = {
  DC_PRED,       H_PRED,        V_PRED,    SMOOTH_PRED, PAETH_PRED,
  SMOOTH_V_PRED, SMOOTH_H_PRED, D135_PRED, D203_PRED,   D157_PRED,
  D67_PRED,      D113_PRED,     D45_PRED,
};

static const UV_PREDICTION_MODE uv_rd_search_mode_order[UV_INTRA_MODES] = {
  UV_DC_PRED,     UV_CFL_PRED,   UV_H_PRED,        UV_V_PRED,
  UV_SMOOTH_PRED, UV_PAETH_PRED, UV_SMOOTH_V_PRED, UV_SMOOTH_H_PRED,
  UV_D135_PRED,   UV_D203_PRED,  UV_D157_PRED,     UV_D67_PRED,
  UV_D113_PRED,   UV_D45_PRED,
};
/*!\endcond */

/*!\brief Calculate the rdcost of a given luma intra angle
 *
 * \ingroup intra_mode_search
 * \callergraph
 * This function runs rd calculation for a given luma intra prediction angle.
 * This is used to select the best angle delta.
 *
 * \return Returns the rdcost of the angle and updates the mbmi if the
 * new rdcost is better.
 */
static int64_t calc_rd_given_intra_angle(
    const AV1_COMP *const cpi, MACROBLOCK *x, BLOCK_SIZE bsize, int mode_cost,
    int64_t best_rd_in, int8_t angle_delta, int max_angle_delta, int *rate,
    RD_STATS *rd_stats, int *best_angle_delta, TX_SIZE *best_tx_size,
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
    TX_PARTITION_TYPE *best_tx_partition,
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
    int64_t *best_rd, int64_t *best_model_rd, uint8_t *best_tx_type_map,
    uint8_t *best_blk_skip, int skip_model_rd) {
  RD_STATS tokenonly_rd_stats;
  int64_t this_rd;
  MACROBLOCKD *xd = &x->e_mbd;
  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  const int n4 = bsize_to_num_blk(bsize);
  assert(!is_inter_block(mbmi));
  mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_Y] = angle_delta;
  if (!skip_model_rd) {
    if (model_intra_yrd_and_prune(cpi, x, bsize, mode_cost, best_model_rd)) {
      return INT64_MAX;
    }
  }
  av1_pick_uniform_tx_size_type_yrd(cpi, x, &tokenonly_rd_stats, bsize,
                                    best_rd_in);
  if (tokenonly_rd_stats.rate == INT_MAX) return INT64_MAX;

  int this_rate =
      mode_cost + tokenonly_rd_stats.rate +
      x->mode_costs
          .angle_delta_cost[mbmi->mode - V_PRED][max_angle_delta + angle_delta];
  this_rd = RDCOST(x->rdmult, this_rate, tokenonly_rd_stats.dist);

  if (this_rd < *best_rd) {
    memcpy(best_blk_skip, x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip,
           sizeof(best_blk_skip[0]) * n4);
    av1_copy_array(best_tx_type_map, xd->tx_type_map, n4);
    *best_rd = this_rd;
    *best_angle_delta = mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_Y];
    *best_tx_size = mbmi->tx_size;
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
    *best_tx_partition = mbmi->partition_type[0];
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
    *rate = this_rate;
    rd_stats->rate = tokenonly_rd_stats.rate;
    rd_stats->dist = tokenonly_rd_stats.dist;
    rd_stats->skip_txfm = tokenonly_rd_stats.skip_txfm;
  }
  return this_rd;
}

/*!\brief Search for the best filter_intra mode when coding intra frame.
 *
 * \ingroup intra_mode_search
 * \callergraph
 * This function loops through all filter_intra modes to find the best one.
 *
 * \return Returns 1 if a new filter_intra mode is selected; 0 otherwise.
 */
static int rd_pick_filter_intra_sby(const AV1_COMP *const cpi, MACROBLOCK *x,
                                    int *rate, int *rate_tokenonly,
                                    int64_t *distortion, int *skippable,
                                    BLOCK_SIZE bsize, int mode_cost,
                                    int64_t *best_rd, int64_t *best_model_rd,
                                    PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *ctx) {
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  int filter_intra_selected_flag = 0;
  FILTER_INTRA_MODE mode;
  TX_SIZE best_tx_size = TX_8X8;
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
  TX_PARTITION_TYPE best_tx_partition = TX_PARTITION_NONE;
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
  FILTER_INTRA_MODE_INFO filter_intra_mode_info;
  uint8_t best_tx_type_map[MAX_MIB_SIZE * MAX_MIB_SIZE];
  (void)ctx;
  av1_zero(filter_intra_mode_info);
  mbmi->filter_intra_mode_info.use_filter_intra = 1;
  mbmi->mode = DC_PRED;
  mbmi->palette_mode_info.palette_size[0] = 0;
#if CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
  mbmi->use_derived_intra_mode[0] = 0;
#endif  // CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE

  for (mode = 0; mode < FILTER_INTRA_MODES; ++mode) {
    int64_t this_rd;
    RD_STATS tokenonly_rd_stats;
    mbmi->filter_intra_mode_info.filter_intra_mode = mode;

    if (model_intra_yrd_and_prune(cpi, x, bsize, mode_cost, best_model_rd)) {
      continue;
    }
    av1_pick_uniform_tx_size_type_yrd(cpi, x, &tokenonly_rd_stats, bsize,
                                      *best_rd);
    if (tokenonly_rd_stats.rate == INT_MAX) continue;
    const int this_rate =
        tokenonly_rd_stats.rate +
        intra_mode_info_cost_y(cpi, x, mbmi, bsize, mode_cost);
    this_rd = RDCOST(x->rdmult, this_rate, tokenonly_rd_stats.dist);

    // Collect mode stats for multiwinner mode processing
    const int txfm_search_done = 1;
    const MV_REFERENCE_FRAME refs[2] = { -1, -1 };
    store_winner_mode_stats(
        &cpi->common, x, mbmi, NULL, NULL, NULL, refs, 0, NULL, bsize, this_rd,
        cpi->sf.winner_mode_sf.multi_winner_mode_type, txfm_search_done);
    if (this_rd < *best_rd) {
      *best_rd = this_rd;
      best_tx_size = mbmi->tx_size;
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
      best_tx_partition = mbmi->partition_type[0];
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
      filter_intra_mode_info = mbmi->filter_intra_mode_info;
      av1_copy_array(best_tx_type_map, xd->tx_type_map, ctx->num_4x4_blk);
      memcpy(ctx->blk_skip, x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip,
             sizeof(x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip[0]) * ctx->num_4x4_blk);
      *rate = this_rate;
      *rate_tokenonly = tokenonly_rd_stats.rate;
      *distortion = tokenonly_rd_stats.dist;
      *skippable = tokenonly_rd_stats.skip_txfm;
      filter_intra_selected_flag = 1;
    }
  }

  if (filter_intra_selected_flag) {
    mbmi->mode = DC_PRED;
    mbmi->tx_size = best_tx_size;
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
    mbmi->partition_type[0] = best_tx_partition;
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
    mbmi->filter_intra_mode_info = filter_intra_mode_info;
    av1_copy_array(ctx->tx_type_map, best_tx_type_map, ctx->num_4x4_blk);
    return 1;
  } else {
    return 0;
  }
}

void av1_count_colors(const uint8_t *src, int stride, int rows, int cols,
                      int *val_count, int *num_colors) {
  const int max_pix_val = 1 << 8;
  memset(val_count, 0, max_pix_val * sizeof(val_count[0]));
  for (int r = 0; r < rows; ++r) {
    for (int c = 0; c < cols; ++c) {
      const int this_val = src[r * stride + c];
      assert(this_val < max_pix_val);
      ++val_count[this_val];
    }
  }
  int n = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < max_pix_val; ++i) {
    if (val_count[i]) ++n;
  }
  *num_colors = n;
}

void av1_count_colors_highbd(const uint8_t *src8, int stride, int rows,
                             int cols, int bit_depth, int *val_count,
                             int *bin_val_count, int *num_color_bins,
                             int *num_colors) {
  assert(bit_depth <= 12);
  const int max_bin_val = 1 << 8;
  const int max_pix_val = 1 << bit_depth;
  const uint16_t *src = CONVERT_TO_SHORTPTR(src8);
  memset(bin_val_count, 0, max_bin_val * sizeof(val_count[0]));
  if (val_count != NULL)
    memset(val_count, 0, max_pix_val * sizeof(val_count[0]));
  for (int r = 0; r < rows; ++r) {
    for (int c = 0; c < cols; ++c) {
      /*
       * Down-convert the pixels to 8-bit domain before counting.
       * This provides consistency of behavior for palette search
       * between lbd and hbd encodes. This down-converted pixels
       * are only used for calculating the threshold (n).
       */
      const int this_val = ((src[r * stride + c]) >> (bit_depth - 8));
      assert(this_val < max_bin_val);
      if (this_val >= max_bin_val) continue;
      ++bin_val_count[this_val];
      if (val_count != NULL) ++val_count[(src[r * stride + c])];
    }
  }
  int n = 0;
  // Count the colors based on 8-bit domain used to gate the palette path
  for (int i = 0; i < max_bin_val; ++i) {
    if (bin_val_count[i]) ++n;
  }
  *num_color_bins = n;

  // Count the actual hbd colors used to create top_colors
  n = 0;
  if (val_count != NULL) {
    for (int i = 0; i < max_pix_val; ++i) {
      if (val_count[i]) ++n;
    }
    *num_colors = n;
  }
}

// Run RD calculation with given chroma intra prediction angle., and return
// the RD cost. Update the best mode info. if the RD cost is the best so far.
static int64_t pick_intra_angle_routine_sbuv(
    const AV1_COMP *const cpi, MACROBLOCK *x, BLOCK_SIZE bsize,
    int rate_overhead, int64_t best_rd_in, int *rate, RD_STATS *rd_stats,
    int *best_angle_delta, int64_t *best_rd) {
  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi = x->e_mbd.mi[0];
  assert(!is_inter_block(mbmi));
  int this_rate;
  int64_t this_rd;
  RD_STATS tokenonly_rd_stats;

  if (!av1_txfm_uvrd(cpi, x, &tokenonly_rd_stats, best_rd_in)) return INT64_MAX;
  this_rate = tokenonly_rd_stats.rate +
              intra_mode_info_cost_uv(cpi, x, mbmi, bsize, rate_overhead);
  this_rd = RDCOST(x->rdmult, this_rate, tokenonly_rd_stats.dist);
  if (this_rd < *best_rd) {
    *best_rd = this_rd;
    *best_angle_delta = mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_UV];
    *rate = this_rate;
    rd_stats->rate = tokenonly_rd_stats.rate;
    rd_stats->dist = tokenonly_rd_stats.dist;
    rd_stats->skip_txfm = tokenonly_rd_stats.skip_txfm;
  }
  return this_rd;
}

/*!\brief Search for the best angle delta for chroma prediction
 *
 * \ingroup intra_mode_search
 * \callergraph
 * Given a chroma directional intra prediction mode, this function will try to
 * estimate the best delta_angle.
 *
 * \returns Return if there is a new mode with smaller rdcost than best_rd.
 */
static int rd_pick_intra_angle_sbuv(const AV1_COMP *const cpi, MACROBLOCK *x,
                                    BLOCK_SIZE bsize, int rate_overhead,
                                    int64_t best_rd, int *rate,
                                    RD_STATS *rd_stats) {
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  assert(!is_inter_block(mbmi));
  int i, angle_delta, best_angle_delta = 0;
  int64_t this_rd, best_rd_in, rd_cost[2 * (MAX_ANGLE_DELTA + 2)];

  rd_stats->rate = INT_MAX;
  rd_stats->skip_txfm = 0;
  rd_stats->dist = INT64_MAX;
  for (i = 0; i < 2 * (MAX_ANGLE_DELTA + 2); ++i) rd_cost[i] = INT64_MAX;

  for (angle_delta = 0; angle_delta <= MAX_ANGLE_DELTA; angle_delta += 2) {
    for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
      best_rd_in = (best_rd == INT64_MAX)
                       ? INT64_MAX
                       : (best_rd + (best_rd >> ((angle_delta == 0) ? 3 : 5)));
      mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_UV] = (1 - 2 * i) * angle_delta;
      this_rd = pick_intra_angle_routine_sbuv(cpi, x, bsize, rate_overhead,
                                              best_rd_in, rate, rd_stats,
                                              &best_angle_delta, &best_rd);
      rd_cost[2 * angle_delta + i] = this_rd;
      if (angle_delta == 0) {
        if (this_rd == INT64_MAX) return 0;
        rd_cost[1] = this_rd;
        break;
      }
    }
  }

  assert(best_rd != INT64_MAX);
  for (angle_delta = 1; angle_delta <= MAX_ANGLE_DELTA; angle_delta += 2) {
    int64_t rd_thresh;
    for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
      int skip_search = 0;
      rd_thresh = best_rd + (best_rd >> 5);
      if (rd_cost[2 * (angle_delta + 1) + i] > rd_thresh &&
          rd_cost[2 * (angle_delta - 1) + i] > rd_thresh)
        skip_search = 1;
      if (!skip_search) {
        mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_UV] = (1 - 2 * i) * angle_delta;
        pick_intra_angle_routine_sbuv(cpi, x, bsize, rate_overhead, best_rd,
                                      rate, rd_stats, &best_angle_delta,
                                      &best_rd);
      }
    }
  }

  mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_UV] = best_angle_delta;
  return rd_stats->rate != INT_MAX;
}

#define PLANE_SIGN_TO_JOINT_SIGN(plane, a, b) \
  (plane == CFL_PRED_U ? a * CFL_SIGNS + b - 1 : b * CFL_SIGNS + a - 1)
static int cfl_rd_pick_alpha(MACROBLOCK *const x, const AV1_COMP *const cpi,
                             TX_SIZE tx_size, int64_t best_rd) {
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  MB_MODE_INFO *const mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  const MACROBLOCKD_PLANE *pd = &xd->plane[AOM_PLANE_U];
  const ModeCosts *mode_costs = &x->mode_costs;
  const BLOCK_SIZE plane_bsize =
#if CONFIG_EXT_RECUR_PARTITIONS
      get_plane_block_size(mbmi->chroma_ref_info.bsize_base, pd->subsampling_x,
                           pd->subsampling_y);
#else   // CONFIG_EXT_RECUR_PARTITIONS
      get_plane_block_size(mbmi->sb_type, pd->subsampling_x, pd->subsampling_y);
#endif  // CONFIG_EXT_RECUR_PARTITIONS

  assert(is_cfl_allowed(xd) && cpi->oxcf.intra_mode_cfg.enable_cfl_intra);
  assert(plane_bsize < BLOCK_SIZES_ALL);
  if (!xd->lossless[mbmi->segment_id]) {
    assert(block_size_wide[plane_bsize] == tx_size_wide[tx_size]);
    assert(block_size_high[plane_bsize] == tx_size_high[tx_size]);
  }

  xd->cfl.use_dc_pred_cache = 1;
  const int64_t mode_rd = RDCOST(
      x->rdmult,
      mode_costs->intra_uv_mode_cost[CFL_ALLOWED][mbmi->mode][UV_CFL_PRED], 0);
  int64_t best_rd_uv[CFL_JOINT_SIGNS][CFL_PRED_PLANES];
  int best_c[CFL_JOINT_SIGNS][CFL_PRED_PLANES];
#if CONFIG_DEBUG
  int best_rate_uv[CFL_JOINT_SIGNS][CFL_PRED_PLANES];
#endif  // CONFIG_DEBUG

  const int skip_trellis = 0;
  for (int plane = 0; plane < CFL_PRED_PLANES; plane++) {
    RD_STATS rd_stats;
    av1_init_rd_stats(&rd_stats);
    for (int joint_sign = 0; joint_sign < CFL_JOINT_SIGNS; joint_sign++) {
      best_rd_uv[joint_sign][plane] = INT64_MAX;
      best_c[joint_sign][plane] = 0;
    }
    // Collect RD stats for an alpha value of zero in this plane.
    // Skip i == CFL_SIGN_ZERO as (0, 0) is invalid.
    for (int i = CFL_SIGN_NEG; i < CFL_SIGNS; i++) {
      const int8_t joint_sign =
          PLANE_SIGN_TO_JOINT_SIGN(plane, CFL_SIGN_ZERO, i);
      if (i == CFL_SIGN_NEG) {
        mbmi->cfl_alpha_idx = 0;
        mbmi->cfl_alpha_signs = joint_sign;
        av1_txfm_rd_in_plane(x, cpi, &rd_stats, best_rd, 0, plane + 1,
                             plane_bsize, tx_size, FTXS_NONE, skip_trellis);
        if (rd_stats.rate == INT_MAX) break;
      }
      const int alpha_rate = mode_costs->cfl_cost[joint_sign][plane][0];
      best_rd_uv[joint_sign][plane] =
          RDCOST(x->rdmult, rd_stats.rate + alpha_rate, rd_stats.dist);
#if CONFIG_DEBUG
      best_rate_uv[joint_sign][plane] = rd_stats.rate;
#endif  // CONFIG_DEBUG
    }
  }

  int8_t best_joint_sign = -1;

  for (int plane = 0; plane < CFL_PRED_PLANES; plane++) {
    for (int pn_sign = CFL_SIGN_NEG; pn_sign < CFL_SIGNS; pn_sign++) {
      int progress = 0;
      for (int c = 0; c < CFL_ALPHABET_SIZE; c++) {
        int flag = 0;
        RD_STATS rd_stats;
        if (c > 2 && progress < c) break;
        av1_init_rd_stats(&rd_stats);
        for (int i = 0; i < CFL_SIGNS; i++) {
          const int8_t joint_sign = PLANE_SIGN_TO_JOINT_SIGN(plane, pn_sign, i);
          if (i == 0) {
            mbmi->cfl_alpha_idx = (c << CFL_ALPHABET_SIZE_LOG2) + c;
            mbmi->cfl_alpha_signs = joint_sign;
            av1_txfm_rd_in_plane(x, cpi, &rd_stats, best_rd, 0, plane + 1,
                                 plane_bsize, tx_size, FTXS_NONE, skip_trellis);
            if (rd_stats.rate == INT_MAX) break;
          }
          const int alpha_rate = mode_costs->cfl_cost[joint_sign][plane][c];
          int64_t this_rd =
              RDCOST(x->rdmult, rd_stats.rate + alpha_rate, rd_stats.dist);
          if (this_rd >= best_rd_uv[joint_sign][plane]) continue;
          best_rd_uv[joint_sign][plane] = this_rd;
          best_c[joint_sign][plane] = c;
#if CONFIG_DEBUG
          best_rate_uv[joint_sign][plane] = rd_stats.rate;
#endif  // CONFIG_DEBUG
          flag = 2;
          if (best_rd_uv[joint_sign][!plane] == INT64_MAX) continue;
          this_rd += mode_rd + best_rd_uv[joint_sign][!plane];
          if (this_rd >= best_rd) continue;
          best_rd = this_rd;
          best_joint_sign = joint_sign;
        }
        progress += flag;
      }
    }
  }

  int best_rate_overhead = INT_MAX;
  uint8_t ind = 0;
  if (best_joint_sign >= 0) {
    const int u = best_c[best_joint_sign][CFL_PRED_U];
    const int v = best_c[best_joint_sign][CFL_PRED_V];
    ind = (u << CFL_ALPHABET_SIZE_LOG2) + v;
    best_rate_overhead = mode_costs->cfl_cost[best_joint_sign][CFL_PRED_U][u] +
                         mode_costs->cfl_cost[best_joint_sign][CFL_PRED_V][v];
#if CONFIG_DEBUG
    xd->cfl.rate =
        mode_costs->intra_uv_mode_cost[CFL_ALLOWED][mbmi->mode][UV_CFL_PRED] +
        best_rate_overhead + best_rate_uv[best_joint_sign][CFL_PRED_U] +
        best_rate_uv[best_joint_sign][CFL_PRED_V];
#endif  // CONFIG_DEBUG
  } else {
    best_joint_sign = 0;
  }

  mbmi->cfl_alpha_idx = ind;
  mbmi->cfl_alpha_signs = best_joint_sign;
  xd->cfl.use_dc_pred_cache = 0;
  xd->cfl.dc_pred_is_cached[0] = 0;
  xd->cfl.dc_pred_is_cached[1] = 0;
  return best_rate_overhead;
}

#if CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
// Return 1 if derived intra mode is selected; return 0 otherwise.
static int rd_pick_derived_intra_mode_sbuv(const AV1_COMP *const cpi,
                                           MACROBLOCK *x, int *rate,
                                           int *rate_tokenonly,
                                           int64_t *distortion, int *skippable,
                                           BLOCK_SIZE bsize, int mode_cost,
                                           int64_t *best_rd) {
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  mbmi->palette_mode_info.palette_size[1] = 0;

  RD_STATS tokenonly_rd_stats;
  mbmi->use_derived_intra_mode[1] = 1;
  mbmi->uv_mode = av1_get_derived_intra_mode(xd, bsize, &mbmi->derived_angle);
  if (!av1_txfm_uvrd(cpi, x, &tokenonly_rd_stats, *best_rd)) {
    return 0;
  }
  const int this_rate = tokenonly_rd_stats.rate +
                        intra_mode_info_cost_uv(cpi, x, mbmi, bsize, mode_cost);
  const int64_t this_rd = RDCOST(x->rdmult, this_rate, tokenonly_rd_stats.dist);
  // TODO(anyone): tune the parameters for distortion.
  if (this_rd < *best_rd && tokenonly_rd_stats.dist / 4 * 3 < *distortion) {
    *best_rd = this_rd;
    *rate = this_rate;
    *rate_tokenonly = tokenonly_rd_stats.rate;
    *distortion = tokenonly_rd_stats.dist;
    *skippable = tokenonly_rd_stats.skip_txfm;
    return 1;
  }

  return 0;
}
#endif  // CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE

int64_t av1_rd_pick_intra_sbuv_mode(const AV1_COMP *const cpi, MACROBLOCK *x,
                                    int *rate, int *rate_tokenonly,
                                    int64_t *distortion, int *skippable,
                                    BLOCK_SIZE bsize, TX_SIZE max_tx_size) {
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  MACROBLOCKD *xd = &x->e_mbd;
  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  assert(!is_inter_block(mbmi));
  MB_MODE_INFO best_mbmi = *mbmi;
  int64_t best_rd = INT64_MAX, this_rd;
  const ModeCosts *mode_costs = &x->mode_costs;
  const IntraModeCfg *const intra_mode_cfg = &cpi->oxcf.intra_mode_cfg;

  init_sbuv_mode(mbmi);

  // Return if the current block does not correspond to a chroma block.
  if (!xd->is_chroma_ref) {
    *rate = 0;
    *rate_tokenonly = 0;
    *distortion = 0;
    *skippable = 1;
    return INT64_MAX;
  }

  // Only store reconstructed luma when there's chroma RDO. When there's no
  // chroma RDO, the reconstructed luma will be stored in encode_superblock().
  xd->cfl.store_y = store_cfl_required_rdo(cm, x);
  if (xd->cfl.store_y) {
    // Restore reconstructed luma values.
    // TODO(chiyotsai@google.com): right now we are re-computing the txfm in
    // this function everytime we search through uv modes. There is some
    // potential speed up here if we cache the result to avoid redundant
    // computation.
    av1_encode_intra_block_plane(cpi, x, AOM_PLANE_Y, DRY_RUN_NORMAL,
                                 cpi->optimize_seg_arr[mbmi->segment_id]);
    xd->cfl.store_y = 0;
  }

  // Search through all non-palette modes.
  for (int mode_idx = 0; mode_idx < UV_INTRA_MODES; ++mode_idx) {
    int this_rate;
    RD_STATS tokenonly_rd_stats;
    UV_PREDICTION_MODE mode = uv_rd_search_mode_order[mode_idx];
    const int is_directional_mode = av1_is_directional_mode(get_uv_mode(mode));
    if (!(cpi->sf.intra_sf.intra_uv_mode_mask[txsize_sqr_up_map[max_tx_size]] &
          (1 << mode)))
      continue;
    if (!intra_mode_cfg->enable_smooth_intra && mode >= UV_SMOOTH_PRED &&
        mode <= UV_SMOOTH_H_PRED)
      continue;

    if (!intra_mode_cfg->enable_paeth_intra && mode == UV_PAETH_PRED) continue;

    mbmi->uv_mode = mode;

    // Init variables for cfl and angle delta
    int cfl_alpha_rate = 0;
    if (mode == UV_CFL_PRED) {
      if (!is_cfl_allowed(xd) || !intra_mode_cfg->enable_cfl_intra) continue;
      assert(!is_directional_mode);
      const TX_SIZE uv_tx_size = av1_get_tx_size(AOM_PLANE_U, xd);
      cfl_alpha_rate = cfl_rd_pick_alpha(x, cpi, uv_tx_size, best_rd);
      if (cfl_alpha_rate == INT_MAX) continue;
    }
    mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_UV] = 0;

    if (is_directional_mode && av1_use_angle_delta(mbmi->sb_type) &&
        intra_mode_cfg->enable_angle_delta) {
      // Search through angle delta
      const int rate_overhead =
          mode_costs->intra_uv_mode_cost[is_cfl_allowed(xd)][mbmi->mode][mode];
      if (!rd_pick_intra_angle_sbuv(cpi, x, bsize, rate_overhead, best_rd,
                                    &this_rate, &tokenonly_rd_stats))
        continue;
    } else {
      // Predict directly if we don't need to search for angle delta.
      if (!av1_txfm_uvrd(cpi, x, &tokenonly_rd_stats, best_rd)) {
        continue;
      }
    }
    const int mode_cost =
        mode_costs->intra_uv_mode_cost[is_cfl_allowed(xd)][mbmi->mode][mode] +
        cfl_alpha_rate;
    this_rate = tokenonly_rd_stats.rate +
                intra_mode_info_cost_uv(cpi, x, mbmi, bsize, mode_cost);
    if (mode == UV_CFL_PRED) {
      assert(is_cfl_allowed(xd) && intra_mode_cfg->enable_cfl_intra);
#if CONFIG_DEBUG
      if (!xd->lossless[mbmi->segment_id])
        assert(xd->cfl.rate == tokenonly_rd_stats.rate + mode_cost);
#endif  // CONFIG_DEBUG
    }
    this_rd = RDCOST(x->rdmult, this_rate, tokenonly_rd_stats.dist);

    if (this_rd < best_rd) {
      best_mbmi = *mbmi;
      best_rd = this_rd;
      *rate = this_rate;
      *rate_tokenonly = tokenonly_rd_stats.rate;
      *distortion = tokenonly_rd_stats.dist;
      *skippable = tokenonly_rd_stats.skip_txfm;
    }
  }

  // Search palette mode
  const int try_palette =
      cpi->oxcf.tool_cfg.enable_palette &&
      av1_allow_palette(cpi->common.features.allow_screen_content_tools,
                        mbmi->sb_type);
  if (try_palette) {
    uint8_t *best_palette_color_map = x->palette_buffer->best_palette_color_map;
    av1_rd_pick_palette_intra_sbuv(
        cpi, x,
        mode_costs
            ->intra_uv_mode_cost[is_cfl_allowed(xd)][mbmi->mode][UV_DC_PRED],
        best_palette_color_map, &best_mbmi, &best_rd, rate, rate_tokenonly,
        distortion, skippable);
  }

#if CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
  if (av1_enable_derived_intra_mode(xd, bsize)) {
    if (rd_pick_derived_intra_mode_sbuv(cpi, x, rate, rate_tokenonly,
                                        distortion, skippable, bsize, 0,
                                        &best_rd)) {
      best_mbmi = *mbmi;
    }
  }
#endif  // CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE

  *mbmi = best_mbmi;
  // Make sure we actually chose a mode
  assert(best_rd < INT64_MAX);
  return best_rd;
}

// Searches palette mode for luma channel in inter frame.
int av1_search_palette_mode(IntraModeSearchState *intra_search_state,
                            const AV1_COMP *cpi, MACROBLOCK *x,
                            BLOCK_SIZE bsize, unsigned int ref_frame_cost,
                            PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *ctx, RD_STATS *this_rd_cost,
                            int64_t best_rd) {
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  MB_MODE_INFO *const mbmi = x->e_mbd.mi[0];
  PALETTE_MODE_INFO *const pmi = &mbmi->palette_mode_info;
  const int num_planes = av1_num_planes(cm);
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  int rate2 = 0;
  int64_t distortion2 = 0, best_rd_palette = best_rd, this_rd,
          best_model_rd_palette = INT64_MAX;
  int skippable = 0;
  uint8_t *const best_palette_color_map =
      x->palette_buffer->best_palette_color_map;
  uint8_t *const color_map = xd->plane[0].color_index_map;
  MB_MODE_INFO best_mbmi_palette = *mbmi;
  uint8_t best_blk_skip[MAX_MIB_SIZE * MAX_MIB_SIZE];
  uint8_t best_tx_type_map[MAX_MIB_SIZE * MAX_MIB_SIZE];
  const ModeCosts *mode_costs = &x->mode_costs;
  const int *const intra_mode_cost =
      mode_costs->mbmode_cost[size_group_lookup[bsize]];
  const int rows = block_size_high[bsize];
  const int cols = block_size_wide[bsize];

  mbmi->mode = DC_PRED;
  mbmi->uv_mode = UV_DC_PRED;
#if CONFIG_NEW_REF_SIGNALING
  mbmi->ref_frame[0] = INTRA_FRAME_NRS;
  mbmi->ref_frame[1] = INVALID_IDX;
#else
  mbmi->ref_frame[0] = INTRA_FRAME;
  mbmi->ref_frame[1] = NONE_FRAME;
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_REF_SIGNALING

  RD_STATS rd_stats_y;
  av1_invalid_rd_stats(&rd_stats_y);
  av1_rd_pick_palette_intra_sby(
      cpi, x, bsize, intra_mode_cost[DC_PRED], &best_mbmi_palette,
      best_palette_color_map, &best_rd_palette, &best_model_rd_palette,
      &rd_stats_y.rate, NULL, &rd_stats_y.dist, &rd_stats_y.skip_txfm, NULL,
      ctx, best_blk_skip, best_tx_type_map);
  if (rd_stats_y.rate == INT_MAX || pmi->palette_size[0] == 0) {
    this_rd_cost->rdcost = INT64_MAX;
    return skippable;
  }

  memcpy(x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip, best_blk_skip,
         sizeof(best_blk_skip[0]) * bsize_to_num_blk(bsize));
  av1_copy_array(xd->tx_type_map, best_tx_type_map, ctx->num_4x4_blk);
  memcpy(color_map, best_palette_color_map,
         rows * cols * sizeof(best_palette_color_map[0]));

  skippable = rd_stats_y.skip_txfm;
  distortion2 = rd_stats_y.dist;
  rate2 = rd_stats_y.rate + ref_frame_cost;
  if (num_planes > 1) {
    if (intra_search_state->rate_uv_intra == INT_MAX) {
      // We have not found any good uv mode yet, so we need to search for it.
      TX_SIZE uv_tx = av1_get_tx_size(AOM_PLANE_U, xd);
      av1_rd_pick_intra_sbuv_mode(cpi, x, &intra_search_state->rate_uv_intra,
                                  &intra_search_state->rate_uv_tokenonly,
                                  &intra_search_state->dist_uvs,
                                  &intra_search_state->skip_uvs, bsize, uv_tx);
#if CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
      intra_search_state->uv_use_derived_intra_mode =
          mbmi->use_derived_intra_mode[PLANE_TYPE_UV];
      if (mbmi->use_derived_intra_mode[PLANE_TYPE_UV]) {
        intra_search_state->derived_angle = mbmi->derived_angle;
      }
#endif  // CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
      intra_search_state->mode_uv = mbmi->uv_mode;
      intra_search_state->pmi_uv = *pmi;
      intra_search_state->uv_angle_delta = mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_UV];
    }

    // We have found at least one good uv mode before, so copy and paste it
    // over.
    mbmi->uv_mode = intra_search_state->mode_uv;
    pmi->palette_size[1] = intra_search_state->pmi_uv.palette_size[1];
    if (pmi->palette_size[1] > 0) {
      memcpy(pmi->palette_colors + PALETTE_MAX_SIZE,
             intra_search_state->pmi_uv.palette_colors + PALETTE_MAX_SIZE,
             2 * PALETTE_MAX_SIZE * sizeof(pmi->palette_colors[0]));
    }
    mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_UV] = intra_search_state->uv_angle_delta;
#if CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
    mbmi->use_derived_intra_mode[PLANE_TYPE_UV] =
        intra_search_state->uv_use_derived_intra_mode;
    if (mbmi->use_derived_intra_mode[PLANE_TYPE_UV]) {
      mbmi->derived_angle = intra_search_state->derived_angle;
    }
#endif  // CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
    skippable = skippable && intra_search_state->skip_uvs;
    distortion2 += intra_search_state->dist_uvs;
    rate2 += intra_search_state->rate_uv_intra;
  }

  if (skippable) {
    rate2 -= rd_stats_y.rate;
    if (num_planes > 1) rate2 -= intra_search_state->rate_uv_tokenonly;
    rate2 += mode_costs->skip_txfm_cost[av1_get_skip_txfm_context(xd)][1];
  } else {
    rate2 += mode_costs->skip_txfm_cost[av1_get_skip_txfm_context(xd)][0];
  }
  this_rd = RDCOST(x->rdmult, rate2, distortion2);
  this_rd_cost->rate = rate2;
  this_rd_cost->dist = distortion2;
  this_rd_cost->rdcost = this_rd;
  return skippable;
}

/*!\brief Get the intra prediction by searching through tx_type and tx_size.
 *
 * \ingroup intra_mode_search
 * \callergraph
 * Currently this function is only used in the intra frame code path for
 * winner-mode processing.
 *
 * \return Returns whether the current mode is an improvement over best_rd.
 */
static AOM_INLINE int intra_block_yrd(const AV1_COMP *const cpi, MACROBLOCK *x,
                                      BLOCK_SIZE bsize, const int *bmode_costs,
                                      int64_t *best_rd, int *rate,
                                      int *rate_tokenonly, int64_t *distortion,
                                      int *skippable, MB_MODE_INFO *best_mbmi,
                                      PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *ctx) {
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  MB_MODE_INFO *const mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  RD_STATS rd_stats;
  // In order to improve txfm search avoid rd based breakouts during winner
  // mode evaluation. Hence passing ref_best_rd as a maximum value
  av1_pick_uniform_tx_size_type_yrd(cpi, x, &rd_stats, bsize, INT64_MAX);
  if (rd_stats.rate == INT_MAX) return 0;
  int this_rate_tokenonly = rd_stats.rate;
  if (!xd->lossless[mbmi->segment_id] && block_signals_txsize(mbmi->sb_type)) {
    // av1_pick_uniform_tx_size_type_yrd above includes the cost of the tx_size
    // in the tokenonly rate, but for intra blocks, tx_size is always coded
    // (prediction granularity), so we account for it in the full rate,
    // not the tokenonly rate.
    this_rate_tokenonly -= tx_size_cost(x, bsize, mbmi->tx_size);
  }
  const int this_rate =
      rd_stats.rate +
      intra_mode_info_cost_y(cpi, x, mbmi, bsize, bmode_costs[mbmi->mode]);
  const int64_t this_rd = RDCOST(x->rdmult, this_rate, rd_stats.dist);
  if (this_rd < *best_rd) {
    *best_mbmi = *mbmi;
    *best_rd = this_rd;
    *rate = this_rate;
    *rate_tokenonly = this_rate_tokenonly;
    *distortion = rd_stats.dist;
    *skippable = rd_stats.skip_txfm;
    av1_copy_array(ctx->blk_skip, x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip,
                   ctx->num_4x4_blk);
    av1_copy_array(ctx->tx_type_map, xd->tx_type_map, ctx->num_4x4_blk);
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

/*!\brief Search for the best angle delta for luma prediction
 *
 * \ingroup intra_mode_search
 * \callergraph
 * Given a luma directional intra prediction mode, this function will try to
 * estimate the best delta_angle.
 *
 * \return Returns the new rdcost of the best intra angle.
 */
static int64_t rd_pick_intra_angle_sby(const AV1_COMP *const cpi, MACROBLOCK *x,
                                       int *rate, RD_STATS *rd_stats,
                                       BLOCK_SIZE bsize, int mode_cost,
                                       int64_t best_rd, int64_t *best_model_rd,
                                       int skip_model_rd_for_zero_deg) {
  MACROBLOCKD *xd = &x->e_mbd;
  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  assert(!is_inter_block(mbmi));

  int best_angle_delta = 0;
  int64_t rd_cost[2 * (MAX_ANGLE_DELTA + 2)];
  TX_SIZE best_tx_size = mbmi->tx_size;
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
  TX_PARTITION_TYPE best_tx_partition = mbmi->partition_type[0];
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
  uint8_t best_blk_skip[MAX_MIB_SIZE * MAX_MIB_SIZE];
  uint8_t best_tx_type_map[MAX_MIB_SIZE * MAX_MIB_SIZE];

  for (int i = 0; i < 2 * (MAX_ANGLE_DELTA + 2); ++i) rd_cost[i] = INT64_MAX;

  int first_try = 1;
  for (int angle_delta = 0; angle_delta <= MAX_ANGLE_DELTA; angle_delta += 2) {
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
      const int64_t best_rd_in =
          (best_rd == INT64_MAX) ? INT64_MAX
                                 : (best_rd + (best_rd >> (first_try ? 3 : 5)));
      const int64_t this_rd = calc_rd_given_intra_angle(
          cpi, x, bsize, mode_cost, best_rd_in, (1 - 2 * i) * angle_delta,
          MAX_ANGLE_DELTA, rate, rd_stats, &best_angle_delta, &best_tx_size,
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
          &best_tx_partition,
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
          &best_rd, best_model_rd, best_tx_type_map, best_blk_skip,
          (skip_model_rd_for_zero_deg & !angle_delta));
      rd_cost[2 * angle_delta + i] = this_rd;
      if (first_try && this_rd == INT64_MAX) return best_rd;
      first_try = 0;
      if (angle_delta == 0) {
        rd_cost[1] = this_rd;
        break;
      }
    }
  }

  assert(best_rd != INT64_MAX);
  for (int angle_delta = 1; angle_delta <= MAX_ANGLE_DELTA; angle_delta += 2) {
    for (int i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
      int skip_search = 0;
      const int64_t rd_thresh = best_rd + (best_rd >> 5);
      if (rd_cost[2 * (angle_delta + 1) + i] > rd_thresh &&
          rd_cost[2 * (angle_delta - 1) + i] > rd_thresh)
        skip_search = 1;
      if (!skip_search) {
        calc_rd_given_intra_angle(
            cpi, x, bsize, mode_cost, best_rd, (1 - 2 * i) * angle_delta,
            MAX_ANGLE_DELTA, rate, rd_stats, &best_angle_delta, &best_tx_size,
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
            &best_tx_partition,
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
            &best_rd, best_model_rd, best_tx_type_map, best_blk_skip, 0);
      }
    }
  }

  if (rd_stats->rate != INT_MAX) {
    mbmi->tx_size = best_tx_size;
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
    mbmi->partition_type[0] = best_tx_partition;
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
    mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_Y] = best_angle_delta;
    const int n4 = bsize_to_num_blk(bsize);
    memcpy(x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip, best_blk_skip,
           sizeof(best_blk_skip[0]) * n4);
    av1_copy_array(xd->tx_type_map, best_tx_type_map, n4);
  }
  return best_rd;
}

/*!\brief Search for the best filter_intra mode when coding inter frame.
 *
 * \ingroup intra_mode_search
 * \callergraph
 * This function loops through all filter_intra modes to find the best one.
 *
 * \return Returns nothing, but updates the mbmi and rd_stats.
 */
static INLINE void handle_filter_intra_mode(const AV1_COMP *cpi, MACROBLOCK *x,
                                            BLOCK_SIZE bsize,
                                            const PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *ctx,
                                            RD_STATS *rd_stats_y, int mode_cost,
                                            int64_t best_rd,
                                            int64_t best_rd_so_far) {
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  MB_MODE_INFO *const mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  assert(mbmi->mode == DC_PRED &&
         av1_filter_intra_allowed_bsize(&cpi->common, bsize));

  RD_STATS rd_stats_y_fi;
  int filter_intra_selected_flag = 0;
  TX_SIZE best_tx_size = mbmi->tx_size;
  FILTER_INTRA_MODE best_fi_mode = FILTER_DC_PRED;
  uint8_t best_blk_skip[MAX_MIB_SIZE * MAX_MIB_SIZE];
  memcpy(best_blk_skip, x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip,
         sizeof(best_blk_skip[0]) * ctx->num_4x4_blk);
  uint8_t best_tx_type_map[MAX_MIB_SIZE * MAX_MIB_SIZE];
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
  TX_SIZE best_tx_partition = mbmi->partition_type[0];
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
  av1_copy_array(best_tx_type_map, xd->tx_type_map, ctx->num_4x4_blk);
  mbmi->filter_intra_mode_info.use_filter_intra = 1;
  for (FILTER_INTRA_MODE fi_mode = FILTER_DC_PRED; fi_mode < FILTER_INTRA_MODES;
       ++fi_mode) {
    mbmi->filter_intra_mode_info.filter_intra_mode = fi_mode;
    av1_pick_uniform_tx_size_type_yrd(cpi, x, &rd_stats_y_fi, bsize, best_rd);
    if (rd_stats_y_fi.rate == INT_MAX) continue;
    const int this_rate_tmp =
        rd_stats_y_fi.rate +
        intra_mode_info_cost_y(cpi, x, mbmi, bsize, mode_cost);
    const int64_t this_rd_tmp =
        RDCOST(x->rdmult, this_rate_tmp, rd_stats_y_fi.dist);

    if (this_rd_tmp != INT64_MAX && this_rd_tmp / 2 > best_rd) {
      break;
    }
    if (this_rd_tmp < best_rd_so_far) {
      best_tx_size = mbmi->tx_size;
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
      best_tx_partition = mbmi->partition_type[0];
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
      av1_copy_array(best_tx_type_map, xd->tx_type_map, ctx->num_4x4_blk);
      memcpy(best_blk_skip, x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip,
             sizeof(best_blk_skip[0]) * ctx->num_4x4_blk);
      best_fi_mode = fi_mode;
      *rd_stats_y = rd_stats_y_fi;
      filter_intra_selected_flag = 1;
      best_rd_so_far = this_rd_tmp;
    }
  }

  mbmi->tx_size = best_tx_size;
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
  mbmi->partition_type[0] = best_tx_partition;
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION

  av1_copy_array(xd->tx_type_map, best_tx_type_map, ctx->num_4x4_blk);
  memcpy(x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip, best_blk_skip,
         sizeof(x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip[0]) * ctx->num_4x4_blk);

  if (filter_intra_selected_flag) {
    mbmi->filter_intra_mode_info.use_filter_intra = 1;
    mbmi->filter_intra_mode_info.filter_intra_mode = best_fi_mode;
  } else {
    mbmi->filter_intra_mode_info.use_filter_intra = 0;
  }
}

int64_t av1_handle_intra_mode(IntraModeSearchState *intra_search_state,
                              const AV1_COMP *cpi, MACROBLOCK *x,
                              BLOCK_SIZE bsize, unsigned int ref_frame_cost,
                              const PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *ctx, RD_STATS *rd_stats,
                              RD_STATS *rd_stats_y, RD_STATS *rd_stats_uv,
                              int64_t best_rd, int64_t *best_intra_rd) {
  const AV1_COMMON *cm = &cpi->common;
  const SPEED_FEATURES *const sf = &cpi->sf;
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  MB_MODE_INFO *const mbmi = xd->mi[0];
#if CONFIG_NEW_REF_SIGNALING
  assert(mbmi->ref_frame[0] == INTRA_FRAME_NRS);
#else
  assert(mbmi->ref_frame[0] == INTRA_FRAME);
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_REF_SIGNALING
  const PREDICTION_MODE mode = mbmi->mode;
  const ModeCosts *mode_costs = &x->mode_costs;
#if CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
  int mode_cost = ref_frame_cost;
  if (!mbmi->use_derived_intra_mode[0]) {
    mode_cost += mode_costs->mbmode_cost[size_group_lookup[bsize]][mode];
  }
#else
  const int mode_cost =
      mode_costs->mbmode_cost[size_group_lookup[bsize]][mode] + ref_frame_cost;
#endif  // CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
  const int intra_cost_penalty = av1_get_intra_cost_penalty(
      cm->quant_params.base_qindex, cm->quant_params.y_dc_delta_q,
#if CONFIG_EXTQUANT
      cm->seq_params.base_y_dc_delta_q,
#endif  // CONFIG_EXTQUANT
      cm->seq_params.bit_depth);
  const int skip_ctx = av1_get_skip_txfm_context(xd);

  int known_rate = mode_cost;
  if (mode != DC_PRED && mode != PAETH_PRED) known_rate += intra_cost_penalty;
  known_rate += AOMMIN(mode_costs->skip_txfm_cost[skip_ctx][0],
                       mode_costs->skip_txfm_cost[skip_ctx][1]);
  const int64_t known_rd = RDCOST(x->rdmult, known_rate, 0);
  if (known_rd > best_rd) {
    intra_search_state->skip_intra_modes = 1;
    return INT64_MAX;
  }

  const int is_directional_mode = av1_is_directional_mode(mode);
  if (is_directional_mode && av1_use_angle_delta(bsize) &&
#if CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
      !mbmi->use_derived_intra_mode[0] &&
#endif  // CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
      cpi->oxcf.intra_mode_cfg.enable_angle_delta) {
    if (sf->intra_sf.intra_pruning_with_hog &&
        !intra_search_state->dir_mode_skip_mask_ready) {
      prune_intra_mode_with_hog(x, bsize,
                                cpi->sf.intra_sf.intra_pruning_with_hog_thresh,
                                intra_search_state->directional_mode_skip_mask);
      intra_search_state->dir_mode_skip_mask_ready = 1;
    }
    if (intra_search_state->directional_mode_skip_mask[mode]) return INT64_MAX;
    av1_init_rd_stats(rd_stats_y);
    rd_stats_y->rate = INT_MAX;
    int64_t model_rd = INT64_MAX;
    int rate_dummy;
    rd_pick_intra_angle_sby(cpi, x, &rate_dummy, rd_stats_y, bsize, mode_cost,
                            best_rd, &model_rd, 0);

  } else {
    av1_init_rd_stats(rd_stats_y);
    mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_Y] = 0;
    av1_pick_uniform_tx_size_type_yrd(cpi, x, rd_stats_y, bsize, best_rd);
  }

  // Pick filter intra modes.
  if (mode == DC_PRED && av1_filter_intra_allowed_bsize(cm, bsize)) {
    int try_filter_intra = 1;
    int64_t best_rd_so_far = INT64_MAX;
    if (rd_stats_y->rate != INT_MAX) {
      const int tmp_rate = rd_stats_y->rate +
                           mode_costs->filter_intra_cost[bsize][0] + mode_cost;
      best_rd_so_far = RDCOST(x->rdmult, tmp_rate, rd_stats_y->dist);
      try_filter_intra = (best_rd_so_far / 2) <= best_rd;
    }
#if CONFIG_EXT_RECUR_PARTITIONS
    const MB_MODE_INFO *cached_mode = x->inter_mode_cache;
    const FILTER_INTRA_MODE_INFO *cached_fi_mode =
        cached_mode ? &cached_mode->filter_intra_mode_info : NULL;
    if (should_reuse_mode(x, REUSE_INTRA_MODE_IN_INTERFRAME_FLAG) &&
        !frame_is_intra_only(cm) && cached_fi_mode &&
        !cached_fi_mode->use_filter_intra) {
      assert(cached_mode->mode == DC_PRED);
      try_filter_intra = 0;
    }
#endif  // CONFIG_EXT_RECUR_PARTITIONS

    if (try_filter_intra) {
      handle_filter_intra_mode(cpi, x, bsize, ctx, rd_stats_y, mode_cost,
                               best_rd, best_rd_so_far);
    }
  }

  if (rd_stats_y->rate == INT_MAX) return INT64_MAX;

  const int mode_cost_y =
      intra_mode_info_cost_y(cpi, x, mbmi, bsize, mode_cost);
  av1_init_rd_stats(rd_stats);
  av1_init_rd_stats(rd_stats_uv);
  const int num_planes = av1_num_planes(cm);
  if (num_planes > 1) {
    // TODO(chiyotsai@google.com): Consolidate the chroma search code here with
    // the one in av1_search_palette_mode.
    PALETTE_MODE_INFO *const pmi = &mbmi->palette_mode_info;
    const int try_palette =
        cpi->oxcf.tool_cfg.enable_palette &&
        av1_allow_palette(cm->features.allow_screen_content_tools,
                          mbmi->sb_type);
    if (intra_search_state->rate_uv_intra == INT_MAX) {
      // If no good uv-predictor had been found, search for it.
      const int rate_y = rd_stats_y->skip_txfm
                             ? mode_costs->skip_txfm_cost[skip_ctx][1]
                             : rd_stats_y->rate;
      const int64_t rdy =
          RDCOST(x->rdmult, rate_y + mode_cost_y, rd_stats_y->dist);
      if (best_rd < (INT64_MAX / 2) && rdy > (best_rd + (best_rd >> 2))) {
        intra_search_state->skip_intra_modes = 1;
        return INT64_MAX;
      }
      const TX_SIZE uv_tx = av1_get_tx_size(AOM_PLANE_U, xd);
      av1_rd_pick_intra_sbuv_mode(cpi, x, &intra_search_state->rate_uv_intra,
                                  &intra_search_state->rate_uv_tokenonly,
                                  &intra_search_state->dist_uvs,
                                  &intra_search_state->skip_uvs, bsize, uv_tx);
      intra_search_state->mode_uv = mbmi->uv_mode;
      if (try_palette) intra_search_state->pmi_uv = *pmi;
      intra_search_state->uv_angle_delta = mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_UV];
#if CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
      intra_search_state->uv_use_derived_intra_mode =
          mbmi->use_derived_intra_mode[PLANE_TYPE_UV];
      if (mbmi->use_derived_intra_mode[PLANE_TYPE_UV]) {
        intra_search_state->derived_angle = mbmi->derived_angle;
      }
#endif  // CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE

      const int uv_rate = intra_search_state->rate_uv_tokenonly;
      const int64_t uv_dist = intra_search_state->dist_uvs;
      const int64_t uv_rd = RDCOST(x->rdmult, uv_rate, uv_dist);
      if (uv_rd > best_rd) {
        // If there is no good intra uv-mode available, we can skip all intra
        // modes.
        intra_search_state->skip_intra_modes = 1;
        return INT64_MAX;
      }
    }

    // If we are here, then the encoder has found at least one good intra uv
    // predictor, so we can directly copy its statistics over.
    // TODO(any): the stats here is probably not right if the current best mode
    // is cfl.
    rd_stats_uv->rate = intra_search_state->rate_uv_tokenonly;
    rd_stats_uv->dist = intra_search_state->dist_uvs;
    rd_stats_uv->skip_txfm = intra_search_state->skip_uvs;
    rd_stats->skip_txfm = rd_stats_y->skip_txfm && rd_stats_uv->skip_txfm;
    mbmi->uv_mode = intra_search_state->mode_uv;
    if (try_palette) {
      pmi->palette_size[1] = intra_search_state->pmi_uv.palette_size[1];
      memcpy(pmi->palette_colors + PALETTE_MAX_SIZE,
             intra_search_state->pmi_uv.palette_colors + PALETTE_MAX_SIZE,
             2 * PALETTE_MAX_SIZE * sizeof(pmi->palette_colors[0]));
    }
    mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_UV] = intra_search_state->uv_angle_delta;
#if CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
    mbmi->use_derived_intra_mode[PLANE_TYPE_UV] =
        intra_search_state->uv_use_derived_intra_mode;
    if (mbmi->use_derived_intra_mode[PLANE_TYPE_UV]) {
      mbmi->derived_angle = intra_search_state->derived_angle;
    }
#endif  // CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
  }

  rd_stats->rate = rd_stats_y->rate + mode_cost_y;
  if (!xd->lossless[mbmi->segment_id] && block_signals_txsize(bsize)) {
    // av1_pick_uniform_tx_size_type_yrd above includes the cost of the tx_size
    // in the tokenonly rate, but for intra blocks, tx_size is always coded
    // (prediction granularity), so we account for it in the full rate,
    // not the tokenonly rate.
    rd_stats_y->rate -= tx_size_cost(x, bsize, mbmi->tx_size);
  }
  if (num_planes > 1 && xd->is_chroma_ref) {
    const int uv_mode_cost =
        mode_costs->intra_uv_mode_cost[is_cfl_allowed(xd)][mode][mbmi->uv_mode];
    rd_stats->rate +=
        rd_stats_uv->rate +
        intra_mode_info_cost_uv(cpi, x, mbmi, bsize, uv_mode_cost);
  }
  if (mode != DC_PRED && mode != PAETH_PRED) {
    rd_stats->rate += intra_cost_penalty;
  }

  // Intra block is always coded as non-skip
  rd_stats->skip_txfm = 0;
  rd_stats->dist = rd_stats_y->dist + rd_stats_uv->dist;
  // Add in the cost of the no skip flag.
  rd_stats->rate += mode_costs->skip_txfm_cost[skip_ctx][0];
  // Calculate the final RD estimate for this mode.
  const int64_t this_rd = RDCOST(x->rdmult, rd_stats->rate, rd_stats->dist);
  // Keep record of best intra rd
  if (this_rd < *best_intra_rd) {
    *best_intra_rd = this_rd;
    intra_search_state->best_intra_mode = mode;
  }

  if (sf->intra_sf.skip_intra_in_interframe) {
    if (best_rd < (INT64_MAX / 2) && this_rd > (best_rd + (best_rd >> 1)))
      intra_search_state->skip_intra_modes = 1;
  }

  for (int i = 0; i < REFERENCE_MODES; ++i) {
    intra_search_state->best_pred_rd[i] =
        AOMMIN(intra_search_state->best_pred_rd[i], this_rd);
  }

  return this_rd;
}

#if CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
// Return 1 if derived intra mode is selected; return 0 otherwise.
static int rd_pick_derived_intra_mode_sby(
    const AV1_COMP *const cpi, MACROBLOCK *x, int *rate, int *rate_tokenonly,
    int64_t *distortion, int *skippable, BLOCK_SIZE bsize, int mode_cost,
    int64_t *best_rd, PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *ctx) {
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  assert(av1_enable_derived_intra_mode(xd, bsize));
  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  mbmi->filter_intra_mode_info.use_filter_intra = 0;
  mbmi->palette_mode_info.palette_size[0] = 0;
  mbmi->use_intrabc = 0;

  RD_STATS tokenonly_rd_stats;
  mbmi->use_derived_intra_mode[0] = 1;
  mbmi->mode = av1_get_derived_intra_mode(xd, bsize, &mbmi->derived_angle);
  av1_pick_uniform_tx_size_type_yrd(cpi, x, &tokenonly_rd_stats, bsize,
                                    *best_rd);
  if (tokenonly_rd_stats.rate == INT_MAX) return 0;
  const int this_rate = tokenonly_rd_stats.rate +
                        intra_mode_info_cost_y(cpi, x, mbmi, bsize, mode_cost);
  const int64_t this_rd = RDCOST(x->rdmult, this_rate, tokenonly_rd_stats.dist);
  if (this_rd < *best_rd) {
    *best_rd = this_rd;
    *rate = this_rate;
    *rate_tokenonly = tokenonly_rd_stats.rate;
    *distortion = tokenonly_rd_stats.dist;
    *skippable = tokenonly_rd_stats.skip_txfm;
    memcpy(ctx->blk_skip, x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip,
           sizeof(x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip[0]) * ctx->num_4x4_blk);
    av1_copy_array(ctx->tx_type_map, xd->tx_type_map, ctx->num_4x4_blk);
    return 1;
  }

  return 0;
}
#endif

// Finds the best non-intrabc mode on an intra frame.
int64_t av1_rd_pick_intra_sby_mode(const AV1_COMP *const cpi, MACROBLOCK *x,
                                   int *rate, int *rate_tokenonly,
                                   int64_t *distortion, int *skippable,
                                   BLOCK_SIZE bsize, int64_t best_rd,
                                   PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *ctx) {
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  MB_MODE_INFO *const mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  assert(!is_inter_block(mbmi));
  int64_t best_model_rd = INT64_MAX;
  int is_directional_mode;
  uint8_t directional_mode_skip_mask[INTRA_MODES] = { 0 };
  // Flag to check rd of any intra mode is better than best_rd passed to this
  // function
  int beat_best_rd = 0;
  const int *bmode_costs;
  PALETTE_MODE_INFO *const pmi = &mbmi->palette_mode_info;
  const int try_palette =
      cpi->oxcf.tool_cfg.enable_palette &&
      av1_allow_palette(cpi->common.features.allow_screen_content_tools,
                        mbmi->sb_type);
  uint8_t *best_palette_color_map =
      try_palette ? x->palette_buffer->best_palette_color_map : NULL;
  const MB_MODE_INFO *above_mi = xd->above_mbmi;
  const MB_MODE_INFO *left_mi = xd->left_mbmi;
  const PREDICTION_MODE A = av1_above_block_mode(above_mi);
  const PREDICTION_MODE L = av1_left_block_mode(left_mi);
  const int above_ctx = intra_mode_context[A];
  const int left_ctx = intra_mode_context[L];
  bmode_costs = x->mode_costs.y_mode_costs[above_ctx][left_ctx];

  mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_Y] = 0;
  if (cpi->sf.intra_sf.intra_pruning_with_hog) {
    prune_intra_mode_with_hog(x, bsize,
                              cpi->sf.intra_sf.intra_pruning_with_hog_thresh,
                              directional_mode_skip_mask);
  }
  mbmi->filter_intra_mode_info.use_filter_intra = 0;
  pmi->palette_size[0] = 0;
#if CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
  mbmi->use_derived_intra_mode[0] = 0;
#endif  // CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE

  // Set params for mode evaluation
  set_mode_eval_params(cpi, x, MODE_EVAL);

  MB_MODE_INFO best_mbmi = *mbmi;
  av1_zero(x->winner_mode_stats);
  x->winner_mode_count = 0;

  // Searches the intra-modes except for intrabc, palette, and filter_intra.
  for (int mode_idx = INTRA_MODE_START; mode_idx < INTRA_MODE_END; ++mode_idx) {
    RD_STATS this_rd_stats;
    int this_rate, this_rate_tokenonly, s;
    int64_t this_distortion, this_rd;
    mbmi->mode = intra_rd_search_mode_order[mode_idx];
    if ((!cpi->oxcf.intra_mode_cfg.enable_smooth_intra ||
         cpi->sf.intra_sf.disable_smooth_intra) &&
        (mbmi->mode == SMOOTH_PRED || mbmi->mode == SMOOTH_H_PRED ||
         mbmi->mode == SMOOTH_V_PRED))
      continue;
    if (!cpi->oxcf.intra_mode_cfg.enable_paeth_intra &&
        mbmi->mode == PAETH_PRED)
      continue;
    mbmi->angle_delta[PLANE_TYPE_Y] = 0;

    if (model_intra_yrd_and_prune(cpi, x, bsize, bmode_costs[mbmi->mode],
                                  &best_model_rd)) {
      continue;
    }

    is_directional_mode = av1_is_directional_mode(mbmi->mode);
    if (is_directional_mode && directional_mode_skip_mask[mbmi->mode]) continue;
    if (is_directional_mode && av1_use_angle_delta(bsize) &&
        cpi->oxcf.intra_mode_cfg.enable_angle_delta) {
      // Searches through the best angle_delta if this option is available.
      this_rd_stats.rate = INT_MAX;
      rd_pick_intra_angle_sby(cpi, x, &this_rate, &this_rd_stats, bsize,
                              bmode_costs[mbmi->mode], best_rd, &best_model_rd,
                              1);
    } else {
      // Builds the actual prediction. The prediction from
      // model_intra_yrd_and_prune was just an estimation that did not take into
      // account the effect of txfm pipeline, so we need to redo it for real
      // here.
      av1_pick_uniform_tx_size_type_yrd(cpi, x, &this_rd_stats, bsize, best_rd);
    }
    this_rate_tokenonly = this_rd_stats.rate;
    this_distortion = this_rd_stats.dist;
    s = this_rd_stats.skip_txfm;

    if (this_rate_tokenonly == INT_MAX) continue;

    if (!xd->lossless[mbmi->segment_id] &&
        block_signals_txsize(mbmi->sb_type)) {
      // av1_pick_uniform_tx_size_type_yrd above includes the cost of the
      // tx_size in the tokenonly rate, but for intra blocks, tx_size is always
      // coded (prediction granularity), so we account for it in the full rate,
      // not the tokenonly rate.
      this_rate_tokenonly -= tx_size_cost(x, bsize, mbmi->tx_size);
    }
    this_rate =
        this_rd_stats.rate +
        intra_mode_info_cost_y(cpi, x, mbmi, bsize, bmode_costs[mbmi->mode]);
    this_rd = RDCOST(x->rdmult, this_rate, this_distortion);
    // Collect mode stats for multiwinner mode processing
    const int txfm_search_done = 1;
    const MV_REFERENCE_FRAME refs[2] = { -1, -1 };
    store_winner_mode_stats(
        &cpi->common, x, mbmi, NULL, NULL, NULL, refs, 0, NULL, bsize, this_rd,
        cpi->sf.winner_mode_sf.multi_winner_mode_type, txfm_search_done);
    if (this_rd < best_rd) {
      best_mbmi = *mbmi;
      best_rd = this_rd;
      // Setting beat_best_rd flag because current mode rd is better than
      // best_rd passed to this function
      beat_best_rd = 1;
      *rate = this_rate;
      *rate_tokenonly = this_rate_tokenonly;
      *distortion = this_distortion;
      *skippable = s;
      memcpy(ctx->blk_skip, x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip,
             sizeof(x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip[0]) * ctx->num_4x4_blk);
      av1_copy_array(ctx->tx_type_map, xd->tx_type_map, ctx->num_4x4_blk);
    }
  }

  // Searches palette
  if (try_palette) {
    av1_rd_pick_palette_intra_sby(
        cpi, x, bsize, bmode_costs[DC_PRED], &best_mbmi, best_palette_color_map,
        &best_rd, &best_model_rd, rate, rate_tokenonly, distortion, skippable,
        &beat_best_rd, ctx, ctx->blk_skip, ctx->tx_type_map);
  }

  // Searches filter_intra
  if (beat_best_rd && av1_filter_intra_allowed_bsize(&cpi->common, bsize)) {
    if (rd_pick_filter_intra_sby(cpi, x, rate, rate_tokenonly, distortion,
                                 skippable, bsize, bmode_costs[DC_PRED],
                                 &best_rd, &best_model_rd, ctx)) {
      best_mbmi = *mbmi;
    }
  }

#if CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE
  if (av1_enable_derived_intra_mode(xd, bsize)) {
    const int mode_rate = 0;
    if (rd_pick_derived_intra_mode_sby(cpi, x, rate, rate_tokenonly, distortion,
                                       skippable, bsize, mode_rate, &best_rd,
                                       ctx)) {
      best_mbmi = *mbmi;
      beat_best_rd = 1;
    }
  }
#endif  // CONFIG_DERIVED_INTRA_MODE

  // No mode is identified with less rd value than best_rd passed to this
  // function. In such cases winner mode processing is not necessary and return
  // best_rd as INT64_MAX to indicate best mode is not identified
  if (!beat_best_rd) return INT64_MAX;

  // In multi-winner mode processing, perform tx search for few best modes
  // identified during mode evaluation. Winner mode processing uses best tx
  // configuration for tx search.
  if (cpi->sf.winner_mode_sf.multi_winner_mode_type) {
    int best_mode_idx = 0;
    int block_width, block_height;
    uint8_t *color_map_dst = xd->plane[PLANE_TYPE_Y].color_index_map;
    av1_get_block_dimensions(bsize, AOM_PLANE_Y, xd, &block_width,
                             &block_height, NULL, NULL);

    for (int mode_idx = 0; mode_idx < x->winner_mode_count; mode_idx++) {
      *mbmi = x->winner_mode_stats[mode_idx].mbmi;
      if (is_winner_mode_processing_enabled(cpi, mbmi, mbmi->mode)) {
        // Restore color_map of palette mode before winner mode processing
        if (mbmi->palette_mode_info.palette_size[0] > 0) {
          uint8_t *color_map_src =
              x->winner_mode_stats[mode_idx].color_index_map;
          memcpy(color_map_dst, color_map_src,
                 block_width * block_height * sizeof(*color_map_src));
        }
        // Set params for winner mode evaluation
        set_mode_eval_params(cpi, x, WINNER_MODE_EVAL);

        // Winner mode processing
        // If previous searches use only the default tx type/no R-D optimization
        // of quantized coeffs, do an extra search for the best tx type/better
        // R-D optimization of quantized coeffs
        if (intra_block_yrd(cpi, x, bsize, bmode_costs, &best_rd, rate,
                            rate_tokenonly, distortion, skippable, &best_mbmi,
                            ctx))
          best_mode_idx = mode_idx;
      }
    }
    // Copy color_map of palette mode for final winner mode
    if (best_mbmi.palette_mode_info.palette_size[0] > 0) {
      uint8_t *color_map_src =
          x->winner_mode_stats[best_mode_idx].color_index_map;
      memcpy(color_map_dst, color_map_src,
             block_width * block_height * sizeof(*color_map_src));
    }
  } else {
    // If previous searches use only the default tx type/no R-D optimization of
    // quantized coeffs, do an extra search for the best tx type/better R-D
    // optimization of quantized coeffs
    if (is_winner_mode_processing_enabled(cpi, mbmi, best_mbmi.mode)) {
      // Set params for winner mode evaluation
      set_mode_eval_params(cpi, x, WINNER_MODE_EVAL);
      *mbmi = best_mbmi;
      intra_block_yrd(cpi, x, bsize, bmode_costs, &best_rd, rate,
                      rate_tokenonly, distortion, skippable, &best_mbmi, ctx);
    }
  }
  *mbmi = best_mbmi;
  av1_copy_array(xd->tx_type_map, ctx->tx_type_map, ctx->num_4x4_blk);
  return best_rd;
}