/*
 * Copyright (c) 2016, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
 *
 * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 2 Clause License and
 * the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 2 Clause License
 * was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you can
 * obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/software. If the Alliance for Open
 * Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this source code in the
 * PATENTS file, you can obtain it at www.aomedia.org/license/patent.
 */

#include "apps/aomenc.h"

#include <assert.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#if CONFIG_AV1_DECODER
#include "aom/aom_decoder.h"
#include "aom/aomdx.h"
#endif

#include "aom/aom_encoder.h"
#include "aom/aom_integer.h"
#include "aom/aomcx.h"
#include "aom_dsp/aom_dsp_common.h"
#include "aom_ports/aom_timer.h"
#include "aom_ports/mem_ops.h"
#include "common/args.h"
#include "common/ivfenc.h"
#include "common/rawenc.h"
#include "common/stream_iter.h"
#include "common/tools_common.h"
#include "common/warnings.h"

#if CONFIG_WEBM_IO
#include "common/webmenc.h"
#endif

#include "common/y4minput.h"
#include "examples/encoder_util.h"
#if !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
#include "stats/aomstats.h"
#endif  // !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
#include "stats/rate_hist.h"

#if CONFIG_LIBYUV
#include "third_party/libyuv/include/libyuv/scale.h"
#endif

#if UINTPTR_MAX == 0xffffffff
#define ENV_BITS "32 bit "
#elif UINTPTR_MAX == 0xffffffffffffffff
#define ENV_BITS "64 bit "
#else
#define ENV_BITS "unknown bit "
#endif

/* Swallow warnings about unused results of fread/fwrite */
static size_t wrap_fread(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream) {
  return fread(ptr, size, nmemb, stream);
}
#define fread wrap_fread

static size_t wrap_fwrite(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb,
                          FILE *stream) {
  return fwrite(ptr, size, nmemb, stream);
}
#define fwrite wrap_fwrite

static const char *exec_name;

static void warn_or_exit_on_errorv(aom_codec_ctx_t *ctx, int fatal,
                                   const char *s, va_list ap) {
  if (ctx->err) {
    const char *detail = aom_codec_error_detail(ctx);

    vfprintf(stderr, s, ap);
    fprintf(stderr, ": %s\n", aom_codec_error(ctx));

    if (detail) fprintf(stderr, "    %s\n", detail);

    if (fatal) exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
  }
}

static void ctx_exit_on_error(aom_codec_ctx_t *ctx, const char *s, ...) {
  va_list ap;

  va_start(ap, s);
  warn_or_exit_on_errorv(ctx, 1, s, ap);
  va_end(ap);
}

static void warn_or_exit_on_error(aom_codec_ctx_t *ctx, int fatal,
                                  const char *s, ...) {
  va_list ap;

  va_start(ap, s);
  warn_or_exit_on_errorv(ctx, fatal, s, ap);
  va_end(ap);
}

static int file_is_y4m(const char detect[4]) {
  if (memcmp(detect, "YUV4", 4) == 0) {
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

static int fourcc_is_ivf(const char detect[4]) {
  if (memcmp(detect, "DKIF", 4) == 0) {
    return 1;
  }
  return 0;
}

static const arg_def_t help =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "help", 0, "Show usage options and exit");
static const arg_def_t debugmode =
    ARG_DEF("D", "debug", 0, "Debug mode (makes output deterministic)");
static const arg_def_t outputfile =
    ARG_DEF("o", "output", 1, "Output filename");
static const arg_def_t reconfile = ARG_DEF(NULL, "recon", 1, "Recon filename");
static const arg_def_t use_yv12 =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "yv12", 0, "Input file is YV12 ");
static const arg_def_t use_i420 =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "i420", 0, "Input file is I420 (default)");
static const arg_def_t use_i422 =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "i422", 0, "Input file is I422");
static const arg_def_t use_i444 =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "i444", 0, "Input file is I444");
static const arg_def_t codecarg = ARG_DEF(NULL, "codec", 1, "Codec to use");
#if CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
static const arg_def_t passes =
    ARG_DEF("p", "passes", 1, "Number of passes (must be 1)");
static const arg_def_t pass_arg = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "pass", 1, "Pass to execute (0/1). 0 (default) indicates all passes");
#else
static const arg_def_t passes =
    ARG_DEF("p", "passes", 1, "Number of passes (1/2)");
static const arg_def_t pass_arg =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "pass", 1,
            "Pass to execute (0/1/2), 0 (default) indicates all passes");
#endif  // CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
static const arg_def_t fpf_name =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "fpf", 1, "First pass statistics file name");
static const arg_def_t limit =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "limit", 1, "Stop encoding after n input frames");
static const arg_def_t skip =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "skip", 1, "Skip the first n input frames");
static const arg_def_t step = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "step", 1, "Encode every n-th frame (after the --skip frames)");
static const arg_def_t good_dl =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "good", 0, "Use Good Quality Deadline");
static const arg_def_t rt_dl =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "rt", 0, "Use Realtime Quality Deadline");
static const arg_def_t quietarg =
    ARG_DEF("q", "quiet", 0, "Do not print encode progress");
static const arg_def_t verbosearg =
    ARG_DEF("v", "verbose", 0, "Show encoder parameters");
static const arg_def_t psnrarg =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "psnr", 0, "Show PSNR in status line");
static const arg_def_t use_cfg = ARG_DEF("c", "cfg", 1, "Config file to use");

static const struct arg_enum_list test_decode_enum[] = {
  { "off", TEST_DECODE_OFF },
  { "fatal", TEST_DECODE_FATAL },
  { "warn", TEST_DECODE_WARN },
  { NULL, 0 }
};
static const arg_def_t recontest = ARG_DEF_ENUM(
    NULL, "test-decode", 1, "Test encode/decode mismatch", test_decode_enum);
static const arg_def_t framerate =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "fps", 1, "Stream frame rate (rate/scale)");
static const arg_def_t use_webm =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "webm", 0, "Output WebM (default when WebM IO is enabled)");
static const arg_def_t use_ivf = ARG_DEF(NULL, "ivf", 0, "Output IVF");
static const arg_def_t use_obu = ARG_DEF(NULL, "obu", 0, "Output OBU");
static const arg_def_t q_hist_n =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "q-hist", 1, "Show quantizer histogram (n-buckets)");
static const arg_def_t rate_hist_n =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "rate-hist", 1, "Show rate histogram (n-buckets)");
static const arg_def_t disable_warnings =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "disable-warnings", 0,
            "Disable warnings about potentially incorrect encode settings.");
static const arg_def_t disable_warning_prompt =
    ARG_DEF("y", "disable-warning-prompt", 0,
            "Display warnings, but do not prompt user to continue.");
static const struct arg_enum_list bitdepth_enum[] = {
  { "8", AOM_BITS_8 }, { "10", AOM_BITS_10 }, { "12", AOM_BITS_12 }, { NULL, 0 }
};

static const arg_def_t bitdeptharg = ARG_DEF_ENUM(
    "b", "bit-depth", 1,
    "Bit depth for codec (8 for version <=1, 10 or 12 for version 2)",
    bitdepth_enum);
static const arg_def_t inbitdeptharg =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "input-bit-depth", 1, "Bit depth of input");

static const arg_def_t input_chroma_subsampling_x = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "input-chroma-subsampling-x", 1, "chroma subsampling x value.");
static const arg_def_t input_chroma_subsampling_y = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "input-chroma-subsampling-y", 1, "chroma subsampling y value.");

static const arg_def_t *main_args[] = { &help,
                                        &use_cfg,
                                        &debugmode,
                                        &outputfile,
                                        &reconfile,
                                        &codecarg,
                                        &passes,
                                        &pass_arg,
                                        &fpf_name,
                                        &limit,
                                        &skip,
                                        &step,
                                        &good_dl,
                                        &rt_dl,
                                        &quietarg,
                                        &verbosearg,
                                        &psnrarg,
                                        &use_webm,
                                        &use_ivf,
                                        &use_obu,
                                        &q_hist_n,
                                        &rate_hist_n,
                                        &disable_warnings,
                                        &disable_warning_prompt,
                                        &recontest,
                                        NULL };

static const arg_def_t usage =
    ARG_DEF("u", "usage", 1, "Usage profile number to use");
static const arg_def_t threads =
    ARG_DEF("t", "threads", 1, "Max number of threads to use");
static const arg_def_t profile =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "profile", 1, "Bitstream profile number to use");
static const arg_def_t width = ARG_DEF("w", "width", 1, "Frame width");
static const arg_def_t height = ARG_DEF("h", "height", 1, "Frame height");
static const arg_def_t forced_max_frame_width = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "forced_max_frame_width", 1, "Maximum frame width value to force");
static const arg_def_t forced_max_frame_height = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "forced_max_frame_height", 1, "Maximum frame height value to force");
#if CONFIG_WEBM_IO
static const struct arg_enum_list stereo_mode_enum[] = {
  { "mono", STEREO_FORMAT_MONO },
  { "left-right", STEREO_FORMAT_LEFT_RIGHT },
  { "bottom-top", STEREO_FORMAT_BOTTOM_TOP },
  { "top-bottom", STEREO_FORMAT_TOP_BOTTOM },
  { "right-left", STEREO_FORMAT_RIGHT_LEFT },
  { NULL, 0 }
};
static const arg_def_t stereo_mode = ARG_DEF_ENUM(
    NULL, "stereo-mode", 1, "Stereo 3D video format", stereo_mode_enum);
#endif
static const arg_def_t timebase = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "timebase", 1, "Output timestamp precision (fractional seconds)");
static const arg_def_t global_error_resilient =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "global-error-resilient", 1,
            "Enable global error resiliency features");
static const arg_def_t lag_in_frames =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "lag-in-frames", 1, "Max number of frames to lag");
static const arg_def_t large_scale_tile = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "large-scale-tile", 1,
    "Large scale tile coding (0: off (default), 1: on (ivf output only))");
static const arg_def_t monochrome =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "monochrome", 0, "Monochrome video (no chroma planes)");
static const arg_def_t full_still_picture_hdr = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "full-still-picture-hdr", 0, "Use full header for still picture");
static const arg_def_t use_16bit_internal =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "use-16bit-internal", 0, "Force use of 16-bit pipeline");

static const arg_def_t *global_args[] = { &use_yv12,
                                          &use_i420,
                                          &use_i422,
                                          &use_i444,
                                          &usage,
                                          &threads,
                                          &profile,
                                          &width,
                                          &height,
                                          &forced_max_frame_width,
                                          &forced_max_frame_height,
#if CONFIG_WEBM_IO
                                          &stereo_mode,
#endif
                                          &timebase,
                                          &framerate,
                                          &global_error_resilient,
                                          &bitdeptharg,
                                          &lag_in_frames,
                                          &large_scale_tile,
                                          &monochrome,
                                          &full_still_picture_hdr,
                                          &use_16bit_internal,
                                          NULL };

static const arg_def_t dropframe_thresh =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "drop-frame", 1, "Temporal resampling threshold (buf %)");
static const arg_def_t resize_mode =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "resize-mode", 1, "Frame resize mode");
static const arg_def_t resize_denominator =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "resize-denominator", 1, "Frame resize denominator");
static const arg_def_t resize_kf_denominator = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "resize-kf-denominator", 1, "Frame resize keyframe denominator");
static const arg_def_t superres_mode =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "superres-mode", 1, "Frame super-resolution mode");
static const arg_def_t superres_denominator = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "superres-denominator", 1, "Frame super-resolution denominator");
static const arg_def_t superres_kf_denominator =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "superres-kf-denominator", 1,
            "Frame super-resolution keyframe denominator");
static const arg_def_t superres_qthresh = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "superres-qthresh", 1, "Frame super-resolution qindex threshold");
static const arg_def_t superres_kf_qthresh =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "superres-kf-qthresh", 1,
            "Frame super-resolution keyframe qindex threshold");
static const struct arg_enum_list end_usage_enum[] = { { "vbr", AOM_VBR },
                                                       { "cbr", AOM_CBR },
                                                       { "cq", AOM_CQ },
                                                       { "q", AOM_Q },
                                                       { NULL, 0 } };
static const arg_def_t end_usage =
    ARG_DEF_ENUM(NULL, "end-usage", 1, "Rate control mode", end_usage_enum);
static const arg_def_t target_bitrate =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "target-bitrate", 1, "Bitrate (kbps)");
static const arg_def_t min_qp_level =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "min-qp", 1, "Minimum (best) quantizer");
static const arg_def_t max_qp_level =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "max-qp", 1, "Maximum (worst) quantizer");
static const arg_def_t min_q_level = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "min-q", 1, "Minimum (best) quantizer in range 0 to 63 (DEPRECATED)");
static const arg_def_t max_q_level =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "max-q", 1,
            "Maximum (worst) quantizer in range 0 to 63 (DEPRECATED)");

static const arg_def_t undershoot_pct =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "undershoot-pct", 1, "Datarate undershoot (min) target (%)");
static const arg_def_t overshoot_pct =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "overshoot-pct", 1, "Datarate overshoot (max) target (%)");
static const arg_def_t buf_sz =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "buf-sz", 1, "Client buffer size (ms)");
static const arg_def_t buf_initial_sz =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "buf-initial-sz", 1, "Client initial buffer size (ms)");
static const arg_def_t buf_optimal_sz =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "buf-optimal-sz", 1, "Client optimal buffer size (ms)");
#if !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
static const arg_def_t bias_pct =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "bias-pct", 1, "CBR/VBR bias (0=CBR, 100=VBR)");
#endif  // !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
static const arg_def_t minsection_pct =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "minsection-pct", 1, "GOP min bitrate (% of target)");
static const arg_def_t maxsection_pct =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "maxsection-pct", 1, "GOP max bitrate (% of target)");
static const arg_def_t *rc_args[] = { &dropframe_thresh,
                                      &resize_mode,
                                      &resize_denominator,
                                      &resize_kf_denominator,
                                      &superres_mode,
                                      &superres_denominator,
                                      &superres_kf_denominator,
                                      &superres_qthresh,
                                      &superres_kf_qthresh,
                                      &end_usage,
                                      &target_bitrate,
                                      &min_qp_level,
                                      &max_qp_level,
                                      &undershoot_pct,
                                      &overshoot_pct,
                                      &buf_sz,
                                      &buf_initial_sz,
                                      &buf_optimal_sz,
#if !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
                                      &bias_pct,
#endif  // !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
                                      &minsection_pct,
                                      &maxsection_pct,
                                      NULL };

static const arg_def_t fwd_kf_enabled =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-fwd-kf", 1, "Enable forward reference keyframes");
static const arg_def_t kf_min_dist =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "kf-min-dist", 1, "Minimum keyframe interval (frames)");
static const arg_def_t kf_max_dist =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "kf-max-dist", 1, "Maximum keyframe interval (frames)");
static const arg_def_t kf_disabled =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "disable-kf", 0, "Disable keyframe placement");
static const arg_def_t *kf_args[] = { &fwd_kf_enabled, &kf_min_dist,
                                      &kf_max_dist, &kf_disabled, NULL };
static const arg_def_t sframe_dist =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "sframe-dist", 1, "S-Frame interval (frames)");
static const arg_def_t sframe_mode =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "sframe-mode", 1, "S-Frame insertion mode (1..2)");
static const arg_def_t save_as_annexb =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "annexb", 1, "Save as Annex-B");
static const arg_def_t noise_sens =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "noise-sensitivity", 1, "Noise sensitivity (frames to blur)");
static const arg_def_t sharpness =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "sharpness", 1, "Loop filter sharpness (0..7)");
static const arg_def_t static_thresh =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "static-thresh", 1, "Motion detection threshold");
static const arg_def_t auto_altref =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "auto-alt-ref", 1, "Enable automatic alt reference frames");
static const arg_def_t arnr_maxframes =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "arnr-maxframes", 1, "AltRef max frames (0..15)");
static const arg_def_t arnr_strength =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "arnr-strength", 1, "AltRef filter strength (0..6)");
static const struct arg_enum_list tuning_enum[] = {
  { "psnr", AOM_TUNE_PSNR },
  { "ssim", AOM_TUNE_SSIM },
  { "vmaf_with_preprocessing", AOM_TUNE_VMAF_WITH_PREPROCESSING },
  { "vmaf_without_preprocessing", AOM_TUNE_VMAF_WITHOUT_PREPROCESSING },
  { "vmaf", AOM_TUNE_VMAF_MAX_GAIN },
  { "vmaf_neg", AOM_TUNE_VMAF_NEG_MAX_GAIN },
  { NULL, 0 }
};
static const arg_def_t tune_metric =
    ARG_DEF_ENUM(NULL, "tune", 1, "Distortion metric tuned with", tuning_enum);
static const arg_def_t qp_level =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "qp", 1, "Constant/Constrained Quality level");
static const arg_def_t cq_level =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "cq-level", 1,
            "Constant/Constrained Quality level in range 0 to 63 (DEPRECATED)");
static const arg_def_t max_intra_rate_pct =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "max-intra-rate", 1, "Max I-frame bitrate (pct)");

#if CONFIG_AV1_ENCODER
static const arg_def_t cpu_used_av1 =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "cpu-used", 1,
            "Speed setting (0..6 in good mode, 6..9 in realtime mode)");
static const arg_def_t rowmtarg =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "row-mt", 1,
            "Enable row based multi-threading (0: off, 1: on (default))");
static const arg_def_t tile_cols =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "tile-columns", 1, "Number of tile columns to use, log2");
static const arg_def_t tile_rows =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "tile-rows", 1, "Number of tile rows to use, log2");
static const arg_def_t enable_tpl_model =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-tpl-model", 1,
            "RDO based on frame temporal dependency "
            "(0: off, 1: backward source based). "
            "This is required for deltaq mode.");
static const arg_def_t enable_keyframe_filtering =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-keyframe-filtering", 1,
            "Apply temporal filtering on key frame"
            "(0: no filter, 1: filter without overlay (default),"
            "2: filter with overlay)");
static const arg_def_t tile_width =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "tile-width", 1, "Tile widths (comma separated)");
static const arg_def_t tile_height =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "tile-height", 1, "Tile heights (command separated)");
static const arg_def_t lossless =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "lossless", 1, "Lossless mode (0: false (default), 1: true)");
static const arg_def_t enable_cdef =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-cdef", 1,
            "Enable the constrained directional enhancement filter (0: false, "
            "1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_restoration = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "enable-restoration", 1,
    "Enable the loop restoration filter (0: false (default in Realtime mode), "
    "1: true (default in Non-realtime mode))");
static const arg_def_t enable_rect_partitions =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-rect-partitions", 1,
            "Enable rectangular partitions "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_ab_partitions =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-ab-partitions", 1,
            "Enable ab partitions (0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_1to4_partitions =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-1to4-partitions", 1,
            "Enable 1:4 and 4:1 partitions "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t min_partition_size =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "min-partition-size", 4,
            "Set min partition size "
            "(4:4x4, 8:8x8, 16:16x16, 32:32x32, 64:64x64, 128:128x128). "
            "On frame with 4k+ resolutions or higher speed settings, the min "
            "partition size will have a minimum of 8.");
static const arg_def_t max_partition_size =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "max-partition-size", 128,
            "Set max partition size "
            "(4:4x4, 8:8x8, 16:16x16, 32:32x32, 64:64x64, 128:128x128)");
static const arg_def_t enable_dual_filter =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-dual-filter", 1,
            "Enable dual filter "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_chroma_deltaq =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-chroma-deltaq", 1,
            "Enable chroma delta quant "
            "(0: false (default), 1: true)");
static const arg_def_t enable_intra_edge_filter =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-intra-edge-filter", 1,
            "Enable intra edge filtering "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_order_hint =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-order-hint", 1,
            "Enable order hint "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_tx64 =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-tx64", 1,
            "Enable 64-pt transform (0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_flip_idtx =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-flip-idtx", 1,
            "Enable extended transform type (0: false, 1: true (default)) "
            "including FLIPADST_DCT, DCT_FLIPADST, FLIPADST_FLIPADST, "
            "ADST_FLIPADST, FLIPADST_ADST, IDTX, V_DCT, H_DCT, V_ADST, "
            "H_ADST, V_FLIPADST, H_FLIPADST");
static const arg_def_t enable_dist_wtd_comp =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-dist-wtd-comp", 1,
            "Enable distance-weighted compound "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_masked_comp =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-masked-comp", 1,
            "Enable masked (wedge/diff-wtd) compound "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_onesided_comp =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-onesided-comp", 1,
            "Enable one sided compound "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_interintra_comp =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-interintra-comp", 1,
            "Enable interintra compound "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_smooth_interintra =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-smooth-interintra", 1,
            "Enable smooth interintra mode "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_diff_wtd_comp =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-diff-wtd-comp", 1,
            "Enable difference-weighted compound "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_interinter_wedge =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-interinter-wedge", 1,
            "Enable interinter wedge compound "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_interintra_wedge =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-interintra-wedge", 1,
            "Enable interintra wedge compound "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_global_motion =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-global-motion", 1,
            "Enable global motion "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_warped_motion =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-warped-motion", 1,
            "Enable local warped motion "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_filter_intra =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-filter-intra", 1,
            "Enable filter intra prediction mode "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_smooth_intra =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-smooth-intra", 1,
            "Enable smooth intra prediction modes "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_paeth_intra =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-paeth-intra", 1,
            "Enable Paeth intra prediction mode (0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_cfl_intra =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-cfl-intra", 1,
            "Enable chroma from luma intra prediction mode "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t force_video_mode =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "force-video-mode", 1,
            "Force video mode (0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_obmc = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "enable-obmc", 1, "Enable OBMC (0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_overlay =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-overlay", 1,
            "Enable coding overlay frames (0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_palette =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-palette", 1,
            "Enable palette prediction mode (0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_intrabc =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-intrabc", 1,
            "Enable intra block copy prediction mode "
            "(0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_angle_delta =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-angle-delta", 1,
            "Enable intra angle delta (0: false, 1: true (default))");
static const arg_def_t disable_trellis_quant =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "disable-trellis-quant", 1,
            "Disable trellis optimization of quantized coefficients (0: false "
            "1: true  2: true for rd search 3: true for estimate yrd serch "
            "(default))");
static const arg_def_t enable_qm =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-qm", 1,
            "Enable quantisation matrices (0: false (default), 1: true)");
static const arg_def_t qm_min = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "qm-min", 1, "Min quant matrix flatness (0..15), default is 8");
static const arg_def_t qm_max = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "qm-max", 1, "Max quant matrix flatness (0..15), default is 15");
static const arg_def_t reduced_tx_type_set = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "reduced-tx-type-set", 1, "Use reduced set of transform types");
static const arg_def_t use_intra_dct_only =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "use-intra-dct-only", 1, "Use DCT only for INTRA modes");
static const arg_def_t use_inter_dct_only =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "use-inter-dct-only", 1, "Use DCT only for INTER modes");
static const arg_def_t use_intra_default_tx_only =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "use-intra-default-tx-only", 1,
            "Use Default-transform only for INTRA modes");
static const arg_def_t quant_b_adapt =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "quant-b-adapt", 1, "Use adaptive quantize_b");
static const arg_def_t coeff_cost_upd_freq =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "coeff-cost-upd-freq", 1,
            "Update freq for coeff costs"
            "0: SB, 1: SB Row per Tile, 2: Tile");
static const arg_def_t mode_cost_upd_freq =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "mode-cost-upd-freq", 1,
            "Update freq for mode costs"
            "0: SB, 1: SB Row per Tile, 2: Tile");
static const arg_def_t mv_cost_upd_freq =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "mv-cost-upd-freq", 1,
            "Update freq for mv costs"
            "0: SB, 1: SB Row per Tile, 2: Tile, 3: Off");
static const arg_def_t num_tg = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "num-tile-groups", 1, "Maximum number of tile groups, default is 1");
static const arg_def_t mtu_size =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "mtu-size", 1,
            "MTU size for a tile group, default is 0 (no MTU targeting), "
            "overrides maximum number of tile groups");
static const struct arg_enum_list timing_info_enum[] = {
  { "unspecified", AOM_TIMING_UNSPECIFIED },
  { "constant", AOM_TIMING_EQUAL },
  { "model", AOM_TIMING_DEC_MODEL },
  { NULL, 0 }
};
static const arg_def_t timing_info =
    ARG_DEF_ENUM(NULL, "timing-info", 1,
                 "Signal timing info in the bitstream (model unly works for no "
                 "hidden frames, no super-res yet):",
                 timing_info_enum);
#if CONFIG_TUNE_VMAF
static const arg_def_t vmaf_model_path =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "vmaf-model-path", 1, "Path to the VMAF model file");
#endif
static const arg_def_t film_grain_test =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "film-grain-test", 1,
            "Film grain test vectors (0: none (default), 1: test-1  2: test-2, "
            "... 16: test-16)");
static const arg_def_t film_grain_table =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "film-grain-table", 1,
            "Path to file containing film grain parameters");
#if CONFIG_DENOISE
static const arg_def_t denoise_noise_level =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "denoise-noise-level", 1,
            "Amount of noise (from 0 = don't denoise, to 50)");
static const arg_def_t denoise_block_size =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "denoise-block-size", 1, "Denoise block size (default = 32)");
#endif
static const arg_def_t enable_ref_frame_mvs =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "enable-ref-frame-mvs", 1,
            "Enable temporal mv prediction (default is 1)");
static const arg_def_t frame_parallel_decoding =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "frame-parallel", 1,
            "Enable frame parallel decodability features "
            "(0: false (default), 1: true)");
static const arg_def_t error_resilient_mode =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "error-resilient", 1,
            "Enable error resilient features "
            "(0: false (default), 1: true)");
static const arg_def_t aq_mode = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "aq-mode", 1,
    "Adaptive quantization mode (0: off (default), 1: variance 2: complexity, "
    "3: cyclic refresh)");
static const arg_def_t deltaq_mode =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "deltaq-mode", 1,
            "Delta qindex mode (0: off, 1: deltaq objective (default), "
            "2: deltaq perceptual). "
            "Currently this requires enable-tpl-model as a prerequisite.");
static const arg_def_t deltalf_mode = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "delta-lf-mode", 1, "Enable delta-lf-mode (0: off (default), 1: on)");
static const arg_def_t frame_periodic_boost =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "frame-boost", 1,
            "Enable frame periodic boost (0: off (default), 1: on)");
static const arg_def_t gf_cbr_boost_pct = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "gf-cbr-boost", 1, "Boost for Golden Frame in CBR mode (pct)");
static const arg_def_t max_inter_rate_pct =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "max-inter-rate", 1, "Max P-frame bitrate (pct)");
static const arg_def_t min_gf_interval = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "min-gf-interval", 1,
    "min gf/arf frame interval (default 0, indicating in-built behavior)");
static const arg_def_t max_gf_interval = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "max-gf-interval", 1,
    "max gf/arf frame interval (default 0, indicating in-built behavior)");
static const arg_def_t gf_min_pyr_height =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "gf-min-pyr-height", 1,
            "Min height for GF group pyramid structure (0 (default) to 5)");
static const arg_def_t gf_max_pyr_height =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "gf-max-pyr-height", 1,
            "maximum height for GF group pyramid structure (0 to 5 (default))");
static const arg_def_t max_reference_frames = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "max-reference-frames", 1,
    "maximum number of reference frames allowed per frame (3 to 7 (default))");
static const arg_def_t reduced_reference_set =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "reduced-reference-set", 1,
            "Use reduced set of single and compound references (0: off "
            "(default), 1: on)");
static const arg_def_t target_seq_level_idx =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "target-seq-level-idx", 1,
            "Target sequence level index. "
            "Possible values are in the form of \"ABxy\"(pad leading zeros if "
            "less than 4 digits). "
            "AB: Operating point(OP) index; "
            "xy: Target level index for the OP. "
            "E.g. \"0\" means target level index 0 for the 0th OP; "
            "\"1021\" means target level index 21 for the 10th OP.");
static const arg_def_t set_min_cr =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "min-cr", 1,
            "Set minimum compression ratio. Take integer values. Default is 0. "
            "If non-zero, encoder will try to keep the compression ratio of "
            "each frame to be higher than the given value divided by 100.");

static const struct arg_enum_list color_primaries_enum[] = {
  { "bt709", AOM_CICP_CP_BT_709 },
  { "unspecified", AOM_CICP_CP_UNSPECIFIED },
  { "bt601", AOM_CICP_CP_BT_601 },
  { "bt470m", AOM_CICP_CP_BT_470_M },
  { "bt470bg", AOM_CICP_CP_BT_470_B_G },
  { "smpte240", AOM_CICP_CP_SMPTE_240 },
  { "film", AOM_CICP_CP_GENERIC_FILM },
  { "bt2020", AOM_CICP_CP_BT_2020 },
  { "xyz", AOM_CICP_CP_XYZ },
  { "smpte431", AOM_CICP_CP_SMPTE_431 },
  { "smpte432", AOM_CICP_CP_SMPTE_432 },
  { "ebu3213", AOM_CICP_CP_EBU_3213 },
  { NULL, 0 }
};

static const arg_def_t input_color_primaries = ARG_DEF_ENUM(
    NULL, "color-primaries", 1,
    "Color primaries (CICP) of input content:", color_primaries_enum);

static const struct arg_enum_list transfer_characteristics_enum[] = {
  { "unspecified", AOM_CICP_CP_UNSPECIFIED },
  { "bt709", AOM_CICP_TC_BT_709 },
  { "bt470m", AOM_CICP_TC_BT_470_M },
  { "bt470bg", AOM_CICP_TC_BT_470_B_G },
  { "bt601", AOM_CICP_TC_BT_601 },
  { "smpte240", AOM_CICP_TC_SMPTE_240 },
  { "lin", AOM_CICP_TC_LINEAR },
  { "log100", AOM_CICP_TC_LOG_100 },
  { "log100sq10", AOM_CICP_TC_LOG_100_SQRT10 },
  { "iec61966", AOM_CICP_TC_IEC_61966 },
  { "bt1361", AOM_CICP_TC_BT_1361 },
  { "srgb", AOM_CICP_TC_SRGB },
  { "bt2020-10bit", AOM_CICP_TC_BT_2020_10_BIT },
  { "bt2020-12bit", AOM_CICP_TC_BT_2020_12_BIT },
  { "smpte2084", AOM_CICP_TC_SMPTE_2084 },
  { "hlg", AOM_CICP_TC_HLG },
  { "smpte428", AOM_CICP_TC_SMPTE_428 },
  { NULL, 0 }
};

static const arg_def_t input_transfer_characteristics =
    ARG_DEF_ENUM(NULL, "transfer-characteristics", 1,
                 "Transfer characteristics (CICP) of input content:",
                 transfer_characteristics_enum);

static const struct arg_enum_list matrix_coefficients_enum[] = {
  { "identity", AOM_CICP_MC_IDENTITY },
  { "bt709", AOM_CICP_MC_BT_709 },
  { "unspecified", AOM_CICP_MC_UNSPECIFIED },
  { "fcc73", AOM_CICP_MC_FCC },
  { "bt470bg", AOM_CICP_MC_BT_470_B_G },
  { "bt601", AOM_CICP_MC_BT_601 },
  { "smpte240", AOM_CICP_CP_SMPTE_240 },
  { "ycgco", AOM_CICP_MC_SMPTE_YCGCO },
  { "bt2020ncl", AOM_CICP_MC_BT_2020_NCL },
  { "bt2020cl", AOM_CICP_MC_BT_2020_CL },
  { "smpte2085", AOM_CICP_MC_SMPTE_2085 },
  { "chromncl", AOM_CICP_MC_CHROMAT_NCL },
  { "chromcl", AOM_CICP_MC_CHROMAT_CL },
  { "ictcp", AOM_CICP_MC_ICTCP },
  { NULL, 0 }
};

static const arg_def_t input_matrix_coefficients = ARG_DEF_ENUM(
    NULL, "matrix-coefficients", 1,
    "Matrix coefficients (CICP) of input content:", matrix_coefficients_enum);

static const struct arg_enum_list chroma_sample_position_enum[] = {
  { "unknown", AOM_CSP_UNKNOWN },
  { "vertical", AOM_CSP_VERTICAL },
  { "colocated", AOM_CSP_COLOCATED },
  { NULL, 0 }
};

static const arg_def_t input_chroma_sample_position =
    ARG_DEF_ENUM(NULL, "chroma-sample-position", 1,
                 "The chroma sample position when chroma 4:2:0 is signaled:",
                 chroma_sample_position_enum);

static const struct arg_enum_list tune_content_enum[] = {
  { "default", AOM_CONTENT_DEFAULT },
  { "screen", AOM_CONTENT_SCREEN },
  { NULL, 0 }
};

static const arg_def_t tune_content = ARG_DEF_ENUM(
    NULL, "tune-content", 1, "Tune content type", tune_content_enum);

static const arg_def_t cdf_update_mode =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "cdf-update-mode", 1,
            "CDF update mode for entropy coding "
            "(0: no CDF update; 1: update CDF on all frames(default); "
            "2: selectively update CDF on some frames");

static const struct arg_enum_list superblock_size_enum[] = {
  { "dynamic", AOM_SUPERBLOCK_SIZE_DYNAMIC },
  { "64", AOM_SUPERBLOCK_SIZE_64X64 },
  { "128", AOM_SUPERBLOCK_SIZE_128X128 },
  { NULL, 0 }
};
static const arg_def_t superblock_size = ARG_DEF_ENUM(
    NULL, "sb-size", 1, "Superblock size to use", superblock_size_enum);

static const arg_def_t set_tier_mask =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "set-tier-mask", 1,
            "Set bit mask to specify which tier each of the 32 possible "
            "operating points conforms to. "
            "Bit value 0(defualt): Main Tier; 1: High Tier.");

static const arg_def_t use_fixed_qp_offsets =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "use-fixed-qp-offsets", 1,
            "Enable fixed QP offsets for frames at different levels of the "
            "pyramid. Selected automatically from --qp if "
            "--fixed-qp-offsets is not provided. If this option is not "
            "specified (default), offsets are adaptively chosen by the "
            "encoder.");

static const arg_def_t fixed_qp_offsets =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "fixed-qp-offsets", 1,
            "Set fixed QP offsets for frames at different levels of the "
            "pyramid. Comma-separated list of 5 offsets for keyframe, ALTREF, "
            "and 3 levels of internal alt-refs. If this option is not "
            "specified (default), offsets are adaptively chosen by the "
            "encoder.");

static const arg_def_t vbr_corpus_complexity_lap = ARG_DEF(
    NULL, "vbr-corpus-complexity-lap", 1,
    "Set average corpus complexity per mb for single pass VBR using lap. "
    "(0..10000), default is 0");

static const arg_def_t subgop_config_str =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "subgop-config-str", 1,
            "Set specified SubGOP configurations in string format provided "
            "for various SubGOP lengths. "
            "If this option is not specified (default), the configurations "
            "are chosen by the encoder using a default algorithm.");

static const arg_def_t subgop_config_path =
    ARG_DEF(NULL, "subgop-config-path", 1,
            "Set specified SubGOP configurations in config file path provided "
            "for various SubGOP lengths. "
            "If this option is not specified (default), the configurations "
            "are chosen by the encoder using a default algorithm.");

static const arg_def_t *av1_args[] = { &cpu_used_av1,
                                       &auto_altref,
                                       &sharpness,
                                       &static_thresh,
                                       &rowmtarg,
                                       &tile_cols,
                                       &tile_rows,
                                       &enable_tpl_model,
                                       &enable_keyframe_filtering,
                                       &arnr_maxframes,
                                       &arnr_strength,
                                       &tune_metric,
                                       &qp_level,
                                       &max_intra_rate_pct,
                                       &max_inter_rate_pct,
                                       &gf_cbr_boost_pct,
                                       &lossless,
                                       &enable_cdef,
                                       &enable_restoration,
                                       &enable_rect_partitions,
                                       &enable_ab_partitions,
                                       &enable_1to4_partitions,
                                       &min_partition_size,
                                       &max_partition_size,
                                       &enable_dual_filter,
                                       &enable_chroma_deltaq,
                                       &enable_intra_edge_filter,
                                       &enable_order_hint,
                                       &enable_tx64,
                                       &enable_flip_idtx,
                                       &enable_dist_wtd_comp,
                                       &enable_masked_comp,
                                       &enable_onesided_comp,
                                       &enable_interintra_comp,
                                       &enable_smooth_interintra,
                                       &enable_diff_wtd_comp,
                                       &enable_interinter_wedge,
                                       &enable_interintra_wedge,
                                       &enable_global_motion,
                                       &enable_warped_motion,
                                       &enable_filter_intra,
                                       &enable_smooth_intra,
                                       &enable_paeth_intra,
                                       &enable_cfl_intra,
                                       &force_video_mode,
                                       &enable_obmc,
                                       &enable_overlay,
                                       &enable_palette,
                                       &enable_intrabc,
                                       &enable_angle_delta,
                                       &disable_trellis_quant,
                                       &enable_qm,
                                       &qm_min,
                                       &qm_max,
                                       &reduced_tx_type_set,
                                       &use_intra_dct_only,
                                       &use_inter_dct_only,
                                       &use_intra_default_tx_only,
                                       &quant_b_adapt,
                                       &coeff_cost_upd_freq,
                                       &mode_cost_upd_freq,
                                       &mv_cost_upd_freq,
                                       &frame_parallel_decoding,
                                       &error_resilient_mode,
                                       &aq_mode,
                                       &deltaq_mode,
                                       &deltalf_mode,
                                       &frame_periodic_boost,
                                       &noise_sens,
                                       &tune_content,
                                       &cdf_update_mode,
                                       &input_color_primaries,
                                       &input_transfer_characteristics,
                                       &input_matrix_coefficients,
                                       &input_chroma_sample_position,
                                       &min_gf_interval,
                                       &max_gf_interval,
                                       &gf_min_pyr_height,
                                       &gf_max_pyr_height,
                                       &superblock_size,
                                       &num_tg,
                                       &mtu_size,
                                       &timing_info,
                                       &film_grain_test,
                                       &film_grain_table,
#if CONFIG_DENOISE
                                       &denoise_noise_level,
                                       &denoise_block_size,
#endif  // CONFIG_DENOISE
                                       &max_reference_frames,
                                       &reduced_reference_set,
                                       &enable_ref_frame_mvs,
                                       &target_seq_level_idx,
                                       &set_tier_mask,
                                       &set_min_cr,
                                       &vbr_corpus_complexity_lap,
#if CONFIG_TUNE_VMAF
                                       &vmaf_model_path,
#endif
                                       &subgop_config_str,
                                       &subgop_config_path,
                                       NULL };
static const int av1_arg_ctrl_map[] = { AOME_SET_CPUUSED,
                                        AOME_SET_ENABLEAUTOALTREF,
                                        AOME_SET_SHARPNESS,
                                        AOME_SET_STATIC_THRESHOLD,
                                        AV1E_SET_ROW_MT,
                                        AV1E_SET_TILE_COLUMNS,
                                        AV1E_SET_TILE_ROWS,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_TPL_MODEL,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_KEYFRAME_FILTERING,
                                        AOME_SET_ARNR_MAXFRAMES,
                                        AOME_SET_ARNR_STRENGTH,
                                        AOME_SET_TUNING,
                                        AOME_SET_QP,
                                        AOME_SET_MAX_INTRA_BITRATE_PCT,
                                        AV1E_SET_MAX_INTER_BITRATE_PCT,
                                        AV1E_SET_GF_CBR_BOOST_PCT,
                                        AV1E_SET_LOSSLESS,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_CDEF,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_RESTORATION,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_RECT_PARTITIONS,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_AB_PARTITIONS,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_1TO4_PARTITIONS,
                                        AV1E_SET_MIN_PARTITION_SIZE,
                                        AV1E_SET_MAX_PARTITION_SIZE,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_DUAL_FILTER,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_CHROMA_DELTAQ,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_INTRA_EDGE_FILTER,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_ORDER_HINT,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_TX64,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_FLIP_IDTX,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_DIST_WTD_COMP,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_MASKED_COMP,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_ONESIDED_COMP,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_INTERINTRA_COMP,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_SMOOTH_INTERINTRA,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_DIFF_WTD_COMP,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_INTERINTER_WEDGE,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_INTERINTRA_WEDGE,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_GLOBAL_MOTION,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_WARPED_MOTION,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_FILTER_INTRA,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_SMOOTH_INTRA,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_PAETH_INTRA,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_CFL_INTRA,
                                        AV1E_SET_FORCE_VIDEO_MODE,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_OBMC,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_OVERLAY,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_PALETTE,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_INTRABC,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_ANGLE_DELTA,
                                        AV1E_SET_DISABLE_TRELLIS_QUANT,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_QM,
                                        AV1E_SET_QM_MIN,
                                        AV1E_SET_QM_MAX,
                                        AV1E_SET_REDUCED_TX_TYPE_SET,
                                        AV1E_SET_INTRA_DCT_ONLY,
                                        AV1E_SET_INTER_DCT_ONLY,
                                        AV1E_SET_INTRA_DEFAULT_TX_ONLY,
                                        AV1E_SET_QUANT_B_ADAPT,
                                        AV1E_SET_COEFF_COST_UPD_FREQ,
                                        AV1E_SET_MODE_COST_UPD_FREQ,
                                        AV1E_SET_MV_COST_UPD_FREQ,
                                        AV1E_SET_FRAME_PARALLEL_DECODING,
                                        AV1E_SET_ERROR_RESILIENT_MODE,
                                        AV1E_SET_AQ_MODE,
                                        AV1E_SET_DELTAQ_MODE,
                                        AV1E_SET_DELTALF_MODE,
                                        AV1E_SET_FRAME_PERIODIC_BOOST,
                                        AV1E_SET_NOISE_SENSITIVITY,
                                        AV1E_SET_TUNE_CONTENT,
                                        AV1E_SET_CDF_UPDATE_MODE,
                                        AV1E_SET_COLOR_PRIMARIES,
                                        AV1E_SET_TRANSFER_CHARACTERISTICS,
                                        AV1E_SET_MATRIX_COEFFICIENTS,
                                        AV1E_SET_CHROMA_SAMPLE_POSITION,
                                        AV1E_SET_MIN_GF_INTERVAL,
                                        AV1E_SET_MAX_GF_INTERVAL,
                                        AV1E_SET_GF_MIN_PYRAMID_HEIGHT,
                                        AV1E_SET_GF_MAX_PYRAMID_HEIGHT,
                                        AV1E_SET_SUPERBLOCK_SIZE,
                                        AV1E_SET_NUM_TG,
                                        AV1E_SET_MTU,
                                        AV1E_SET_TIMING_INFO_TYPE,
                                        AV1E_SET_FILM_GRAIN_TEST_VECTOR,
                                        AV1E_SET_FILM_GRAIN_TABLE,
#if CONFIG_DENOISE
                                        AV1E_SET_DENOISE_NOISE_LEVEL,
                                        AV1E_SET_DENOISE_BLOCK_SIZE,
#endif  // CONFIG_DENOISE
                                        AV1E_SET_MAX_REFERENCE_FRAMES,
                                        AV1E_SET_REDUCED_REFERENCE_SET,
                                        AV1E_SET_ENABLE_REF_FRAME_MVS,
                                        AV1E_SET_TARGET_SEQ_LEVEL_IDX,
                                        AV1E_SET_TIER_MASK,
                                        AV1E_SET_MIN_CR,
                                        AV1E_SET_VBR_CORPUS_COMPLEXITY_LAP,
#if CONFIG_TUNE_VMAF
                                        AV1E_SET_VMAF_MODEL_PATH,
#endif
                                        AV1E_SET_SUBGOP_CONFIG_STR,
                                        AV1E_SET_SUBGOP_CONFIG_PATH,
                                        0 };
#endif  // CONFIG_AV1_ENCODER

static const arg_def_t *no_args[] = { NULL };

static void show_help(FILE *fout, int shorthelp) {
  fprintf(fout, "Usage: %s <options> -o dst_filename src_filename \n",
          exec_name);

  if (shorthelp) {
    fprintf(fout, "Use --help to see the full list of options.\n");
    return;
  }

  fprintf(fout, "\nOptions:\n");
  arg_show_usage(fout, main_args);
  fprintf(fout, "\nEncoder Global Options:\n");
  arg_show_usage(fout, global_args);
  fprintf(fout, "\nRate Control Options:\n");
  arg_show_usage(fout, rc_args);
  fprintf(fout, "\nKeyframe Placement Options:\n");
  arg_show_usage(fout, kf_args);
#if CONFIG_AV1_ENCODER
  fprintf(fout, "\nAV1 Specific Options:\n");
  arg_show_usage(fout, av1_args);
#endif
  fprintf(fout,
          "\nStream timebase (--timebase):\n"
          "  The desired precision of timestamps in the output, expressed\n"
          "  in fractional seconds. Default is 1/1000.\n");
  fprintf(fout, "\nIncluded encoders:\n\n");

  const int num_encoder = get_aom_encoder_count();
  for (int i = 0; i < num_encoder; ++i) {
    aom_codec_iface_t *encoder = get_aom_encoder_by_index(i);
    const char *defstr = (i == (num_encoder - 1)) ? "(default)" : "";
    fprintf(fout, "    %-6s - %s %s\n", get_short_name_by_aom_encoder(encoder),
            aom_codec_iface_name(encoder), defstr);
  }
  fprintf(fout, "\n        ");
  fprintf(fout, "Use --codec to switch to a non-default encoder.\n\n");
}

void usage_exit(void) {
  show_help(stderr, 1);
  exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}

#if CONFIG_AV1_ENCODER
#define ARG_CTRL_CNT_MAX NELEMENTS(av1_arg_ctrl_map)
#endif

#if !CONFIG_WEBM_IO
typedef int stereo_format_t;
struct WebmOutputContext {
  int debug;
};
#endif

/* Per-stream configuration */
struct stream_config {
  struct aom_codec_enc_cfg cfg;
  const char *out_fn;
  const char *recon_fn;
#if !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  const char *stats_fn;
#endif  // !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  stereo_format_t stereo_fmt;
  int arg_ctrls[ARG_CTRL_CNT_MAX][2];
  int arg_ctrl_cnt;
  int write_webm;
  const char *film_grain_filename;
  int write_ivf;
  // whether to use 16bit internal buffers
  int use_16bit_internal;
#if CONFIG_TUNE_VMAF
  const char *vmaf_model_path;
#endif
  const char *subgop_config_str;
  const char *subgop_config_path;
};

struct stream_state {
  int index;
  struct stream_state *next;
  struct stream_config config;
  FILE *file;
  struct rate_hist *rate_hist;
  struct WebmOutputContext webm_ctx;
  uint64_t psnr_sse_total;
  uint64_t psnr_samples_total;
  double psnr_totals[4];
  int psnr_count;
  int counts[256];
  aom_codec_ctx_t encoder;
  unsigned int frames_out;
  uint64_t cx_time;
  size_t nbytes;
#if !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  stats_io_t stats;
#endif  // !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  struct aom_image *img;
  aom_codec_ctx_t decoder;
  int mismatch_seen;
  unsigned int chroma_subsampling_x;
  unsigned int chroma_subsampling_y;
};

static void validate_positive_rational(const char *msg,
                                       struct aom_rational *rat) {
  if (rat->den < 0) {
    rat->num *= -1;
    rat->den *= -1;
  }

  if (rat->num < 0) die("Error: %s must be positive\n", msg);

  if (!rat->den) die("Error: %s has zero denominator\n", msg);
}

static void init_config(cfg_options_t *config) {
  memset(config, 0, sizeof(cfg_options_t));
  config->superblock_size = 0;  // Dynamic
  config->max_partition_size = 128;
  config->min_partition_size = 4;
  config->disable_trellis_quant = 3;
}

/* Parses global config arguments into the AvxEncoderConfig. Note that
 * argv is modified and overwrites all parsed arguments.
 */
static void parse_global_config(struct AvxEncoderConfig *global, char ***argv) {
  char **argi, **argj;
  struct arg arg;
  const int num_encoder = get_aom_encoder_count();
  char **argv_local = (char **)*argv;
  if (num_encoder < 1) die("Error: no valid encoder available\n");

  /* Initialize default parameters */
  memset(global, 0, sizeof(*global));
  global->codec = get_aom_encoder_by_index(num_encoder - 1);
  // Set default passes
#if CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  global->passes = 1;
#else
  global->passes = 2;
#endif  // CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  global->color_type = I420;
  global->csp = AOM_CSP_UNKNOWN;
  global->step_frames = 1;

  int cfg_included = 0;
  init_config(&global->encoder_config);

  for (argi = argj = argv_local; (*argj = *argi); argi += arg.argv_step) {
    arg.argv_step = 1;

    if (arg_match(&arg, &use_cfg, argi)) {
      if (cfg_included) continue;
      if (parse_cfg(arg.val, &global->encoder_config)) {
        die("Reading / parsing error for config file: %s\n", arg.val);
      }
      cfg_included = 1;
      continue;
    }
    if (arg_match(&arg, &help, argi)) {
      show_help(stdout, 0);
      exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &codecarg, argi)) {
      global->codec = get_aom_encoder_by_short_name(arg.val);
      if (!global->codec)
        die("Error: Unrecognized argument (%s) to --codec\n", arg.val);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &passes, argi)) {
      global->passes = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &pass_arg, argi)) {
      global->pass = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &input_chroma_sample_position, argi)) {
      global->csp = arg_parse_enum(&arg);
      /* Flag is used by later code as well, preserve it. */
      argj++;
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &usage, argi))
      global->usage = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &good_dl, argi))
      global->usage = AOM_USAGE_GOOD_QUALITY;  // Good quality usage
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &rt_dl, argi))
      global->usage = AOM_USAGE_REALTIME;  // Real-time usage
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &use_yv12, argi))
      global->color_type = YV12;
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &use_i420, argi))
      global->color_type = I420;
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &use_i422, argi))
      global->color_type = I422;
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &use_i444, argi))
      global->color_type = I444;
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &quietarg, argi))
      global->quiet = 1;
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &verbosearg, argi))
      global->verbose = 1;
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &limit, argi))
      global->limit = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &skip, argi))
      global->skip_frames = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &step, argi)) {
      global->step_frames = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
      if (global->step_frames == 0) {
        die("--step must be positive");
      }
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &psnrarg, argi))
      global->show_psnr = 1;
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &recontest, argi))
      global->test_decode = arg_parse_enum_or_int(&arg);
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &framerate, argi)) {
      global->framerate = arg_parse_rational(&arg);
      validate_positive_rational(arg.name, &global->framerate);
      global->have_framerate = 1;
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &debugmode, argi))
      global->debug = 1;
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &q_hist_n, argi))
      global->show_q_hist_buckets = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &rate_hist_n, argi))
      global->show_rate_hist_buckets = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &disable_warnings, argi))
      global->disable_warnings = 1;
    else if (arg_match(&arg, &disable_warning_prompt, argi))
      global->disable_warning_prompt = 1;
    else
      argj++;
  }

#if CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  if (global->passes != 1)
    die("Error: Invalid number of passes (%d)\n", global->passes);
#else
  if (global->passes < 1 || global->passes > 2)
    die("Error: Invalid number of passes (%d)\n", global->passes);
#endif  // CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
#if CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  if (global->pass < 0 || global->pass > 1)
    die("Error: Invalid pass selected (%d)\n", global->pass);
#else
  if (global->pass < 0 || global->pass > 2)
    die("Error: Invalid pass selected (%d)\n", global->pass);
#endif  // CONFIG_SINGLEPASS

#if !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  if (global->pass) {
    /* DWIM: Assume the user meant passes=2 if pass=2 is specified */
    if (global->pass > global->passes) {
      warn("Assuming --pass=%d implies --passes=%d\n", global->pass,
           global->pass);
      global->passes = global->pass;
    }
  }
#endif  // !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS

  /* Validate global config */
  if (global->passes == 0) {
#if CONFIG_AV1_ENCODER
    // Make default AV1 passes = 2 until there is a better quality 1-pass
    // encoder
    if (global->codec != NULL)
#if CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
      global->passes = 1;
#else
      global->passes =
          (strcmp(get_short_name_by_aom_encoder(global->codec), "av1") == 0 &&
           global->usage != AOM_USAGE_REALTIME)
              ? 2
              : 1;
#endif  // CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
#else
    global->passes = 1;
#endif  // CONFIG_AV1_ENCODER
  }

#if !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  if (global->usage == AOM_USAGE_REALTIME && global->passes > 1) {
    warn("Enforcing one-pass encoding in realtime mode\n");
    global->passes = 1;
  }
#endif  // !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
}

static void open_input_file(struct AvxInputContext *input,
                            aom_chroma_sample_position_t csp) {
  /* Parse certain options from the input file, if possible */
  input->file = strcmp(input->filename, "-") ? fopen(input->filename, "rb")
                                             : set_binary_mode(stdin);

  if (!input->file) fatal("Failed to open input file");

  if (!fseeko(input->file, 0, SEEK_END)) {
    /* Input file is seekable. Figure out how long it is, so we can get
     * progress info.
     */
    input->length = ftello(input->file);
    rewind(input->file);
  }

  /* Default to 1:1 pixel aspect ratio. */
  input->pixel_aspect_ratio.numerator = 1;
  input->pixel_aspect_ratio.denominator = 1;

  /* For RAW input sources, these bytes will applied on the first frame
   *  in read_frame().
   */
  input->detect.buf_read = fread(input->detect.buf, 1, 4, input->file);
  input->detect.position = 0;

  if (input->detect.buf_read == 4 && file_is_y4m(input->detect.buf)) {
    if (y4m_input_open(&input->y4m, input->file, input->detect.buf, 4, csp,
                       input->only_i420) >= 0) {
      input->file_type = FILE_TYPE_Y4M;
      input->width = input->y4m.pic_w;
      input->height = input->y4m.pic_h;
      input->pixel_aspect_ratio.numerator = input->y4m.par_n;
      input->pixel_aspect_ratio.denominator = input->y4m.par_d;
      input->framerate.numerator = input->y4m.fps_n;
      input->framerate.denominator = input->y4m.fps_d;
      input->fmt = input->y4m.aom_fmt;
      input->bit_depth = input->y4m.bit_depth;
    } else
      fatal("Unsupported Y4M stream.");
  } else if (input->detect.buf_read == 4 && fourcc_is_ivf(input->detect.buf)) {
    fatal("IVF is not supported as input.");
  } else {
    input->file_type = FILE_TYPE_RAW;
  }
}

static void close_input_file(struct AvxInputContext *input) {
  fclose(input->file);
  if (input->file_type == FILE_TYPE_Y4M) y4m_input_close(&input->y4m);
}

static struct stream_state *new_stream(struct AvxEncoderConfig *global,
                                       struct stream_state *prev) {
  struct stream_state *stream;

  stream = calloc(1, sizeof(*stream));
  if (stream == NULL) {
    fatal("Failed to allocate new stream.");
  }

  if (prev) {
    memcpy(stream, prev, sizeof(*stream));
    stream->index++;
    prev->next = stream;
  } else {
    aom_codec_err_t res;

    /* Populate encoder configuration */
    res = aom_codec_enc_config_default(global->codec, &stream->config.cfg,
                                       global->usage);
    if (res) fatal("Failed to get config: %s\n", aom_codec_err_to_string(res));

    /* Change the default timebase to a high enough value so that the
     * encoder will always create strictly increasing timestamps.
     */
    stream->config.cfg.g_timebase.den = 1000;

    /* Never use the library's default resolution, require it be parsed
     * from the file or set on the command line.
     */
    stream->config.cfg.g_w = 0;
    stream->config.cfg.g_h = 0;

    /* Initialize remaining stream parameters */
    stream->config.write_webm = 1;
    stream->config.write_ivf = 0;

#if CONFIG_WEBM_IO
    stream->config.stereo_fmt = STEREO_FORMAT_MONO;
    stream->webm_ctx.last_pts_ns = -1;
    stream->webm_ctx.writer = NULL;
    stream->webm_ctx.segment = NULL;
#endif

    /* Allows removal of the application version from the EBML tags */
    stream->webm_ctx.debug = global->debug;
    memcpy(&stream->config.cfg.encoder_cfg, &global->encoder_config,
           sizeof(stream->config.cfg.encoder_cfg));
  }

  /* Output files must be specified for each stream */
  stream->config.out_fn = NULL;

  stream->next = NULL;
  return stream;
}

static void set_config_arg_ctrls(struct stream_config *config, int key,
                                 const struct arg *arg) {
  int j;
  if (key == AV1E_SET_FILM_GRAIN_TABLE) {
    config->film_grain_filename = arg->val;
    return;
  }

  if (key == AV1E_SET_SUBGOP_CONFIG_STR) {
    config->subgop_config_str = arg->val;
    return;
  }
  if (key == AV1E_SET_SUBGOP_CONFIG_PATH) {
    config->subgop_config_path = arg->val;
    return;
  }

  // For target level, the settings should accumulate rather than overwrite,
  // so we simply append it.
  if (key == AV1E_SET_TARGET_SEQ_LEVEL_IDX) {
    j = config->arg_ctrl_cnt;
    assert(j < (int)ARG_CTRL_CNT_MAX);
    config->arg_ctrls[j][0] = key;
    config->arg_ctrls[j][1] = arg_parse_enum_or_int(arg);
    ++config->arg_ctrl_cnt;
    return;
  }

  /* Point either to the next free element or the first instance of this
   * control.
   */
  for (j = 0; j < config->arg_ctrl_cnt; j++)
    if (config->arg_ctrls[j][0] == key) break;

  /* Update/insert */
  assert(j < (int)ARG_CTRL_CNT_MAX);
  config->arg_ctrls[j][0] = key;
  config->arg_ctrls[j][1] = arg_parse_enum_or_int(arg);

  if (key == AOME_SET_ENABLEAUTOALTREF && config->arg_ctrls[j][1] > 1) {
    warn("auto-alt-ref > 1 is deprecated... setting auto-alt-ref=1\n");
    config->arg_ctrls[j][1] = 1;
  }
  if (j == config->arg_ctrl_cnt) config->arg_ctrl_cnt++;
}

// Converts quantizer in deprecated range 0 to 63, to qindex in range 0 to 255.
// Also prints deprecation warning.
static unsigned int get_qindex_from_quantizer_and_warn(
    unsigned int quantizer, const char *quantizer_str, const char *qindex_str) {
  static const int quantizer_to_qindex[] = {
    0,   4,   8,   12,  16,  20,  24,  28,  32,  36,  40,  44,  48,
    52,  56,  60,  64,  68,  72,  76,  80,  84,  88,  92,  96,  100,
    104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 132, 136, 140, 144, 148, 152,
    156, 160, 164, 168, 172, 176, 180, 184, 188, 192, 196, 200, 204,
    208, 212, 216, 220, 224, 228, 232, 236, 240, 244, 249, 255,
  };
  warn(
      "Option '--%s' (range 0 to 63) is DEPRECATED and will be "
      "removed in future. Use option '--%s' (range 0 to 255) instead.",
      quantizer_str, qindex_str);
  if (quantizer > 63) {
    fprintf(stderr, "'--%s=%u' out of range (0 to 63)", quantizer_str,
            quantizer);
  }
  return quantizer_to_qindex[quantizer];
}

static int parse_stream_params(struct AvxEncoderConfig *global,
                               struct stream_state *stream, char **argv) {
  char **argi, **argj;
  struct arg arg;
  static const arg_def_t **ctrl_args = no_args;
  static const int *ctrl_args_map = NULL;
  struct stream_config *config = &stream->config;
  int eos_mark_found = 0;
  int webm_forced = 0;

  // Handle codec specific options
  if (0) {
#if CONFIG_AV1_ENCODER
  } else if (strcmp(get_short_name_by_aom_encoder(global->codec), "av1") == 0) {
    // TODO(jingning): Reuse AV1 specific encoder configuration parameters.
    // Consider to expand this set for AV1 encoder control.
    ctrl_args = av1_args;
    ctrl_args_map = av1_arg_ctrl_map;
#endif
  }

  for (argi = argj = argv; (*argj = *argi); argi += arg.argv_step) {
    arg.argv_step = 1;

    /* Once we've found an end-of-stream marker (--) we want to continue
     * shifting arguments but not consuming them.
     */
    if (eos_mark_found) {
      argj++;
      continue;
    } else if (!strcmp(*argj, "--")) {
      eos_mark_found = 1;
      continue;
    }

    if (arg_match(&arg, &outputfile, argi)) {
      config->out_fn = arg.val;
      if (!webm_forced) {
        const size_t out_fn_len = strlen(config->out_fn);
        if (out_fn_len >= 4 &&
            !strcmp(config->out_fn + out_fn_len - 4, ".ivf")) {
          config->write_webm = 0;
          config->write_ivf = 1;
        } else if (out_fn_len >= 4 &&
                   !strcmp(config->out_fn + out_fn_len - 4, ".obu")) {
          config->write_webm = 0;
          config->write_ivf = 0;
        }
      }
#if !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &fpf_name, argi)) {
      config->stats_fn = arg.val;
#endif  // !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &use_webm, argi)) {
#if CONFIG_WEBM_IO
      config->write_webm = 1;
      webm_forced = 1;
#else
      die("Error: --webm specified but webm is disabled.");
#endif
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &reconfile, argi)) {
      config->recon_fn = arg.val;
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &use_ivf, argi)) {
      config->write_webm = 0;
      config->write_ivf = 1;
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &use_obu, argi)) {
      config->write_webm = 0;
      config->write_ivf = 0;
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &threads, argi)) {
      config->cfg.g_threads = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &profile, argi)) {
      config->cfg.g_profile = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &width, argi)) {
      config->cfg.g_w = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &height, argi)) {
      config->cfg.g_h = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &forced_max_frame_width, argi)) {
      config->cfg.g_forced_max_frame_width = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &forced_max_frame_height, argi)) {
      config->cfg.g_forced_max_frame_height = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &bitdeptharg, argi)) {
      config->cfg.g_bit_depth = arg_parse_enum_or_int(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &inbitdeptharg, argi)) {
      config->cfg.g_input_bit_depth = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &input_chroma_subsampling_x, argi)) {
      stream->chroma_subsampling_x = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &input_chroma_subsampling_y, argi)) {
      stream->chroma_subsampling_y = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
#if CONFIG_WEBM_IO
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &stereo_mode, argi)) {
      config->stereo_fmt = arg_parse_enum_or_int(&arg);
#endif
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &timebase, argi)) {
      config->cfg.g_timebase = arg_parse_rational(&arg);
      validate_positive_rational(arg.name, &config->cfg.g_timebase);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &global_error_resilient, argi)) {
      config->cfg.g_error_resilient = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &lag_in_frames, argi)) {
      config->cfg.g_lag_in_frames = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &large_scale_tile, argi)) {
      config->cfg.large_scale_tile = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
      if (config->cfg.large_scale_tile) {
        global->codec = get_aom_encoder_by_short_name("av1");
      }
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &monochrome, argi)) {
      config->cfg.monochrome = 1;
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &full_still_picture_hdr, argi)) {
      config->cfg.full_still_picture_hdr = 1;
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &use_16bit_internal, argi)) {
      config->use_16bit_internal = CONFIG_AV1_HIGHBITDEPTH;
      if (!config->use_16bit_internal) {
        warn("%s option ignored with CONFIG_AV1_HIGHBITDEPTH=0.\n", arg.name);
      }
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &dropframe_thresh, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_dropframe_thresh = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &resize_mode, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_resize_mode = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &resize_denominator, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_resize_denominator = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &resize_kf_denominator, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_resize_kf_denominator = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &superres_mode, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_superres_mode = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &superres_denominator, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_superres_denominator = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &superres_kf_denominator, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_superres_kf_denominator = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &superres_qthresh, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_superres_qthresh = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &superres_kf_qthresh, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_superres_kf_qthresh = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &end_usage, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_end_usage = arg_parse_enum_or_int(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &target_bitrate, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_target_bitrate = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &min_qp_level, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_min_quantizer = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &max_qp_level, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_max_quantizer = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &min_q_level, argi)) {
      const unsigned int min_q_val = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
      config->cfg.rc_min_quantizer =
          get_qindex_from_quantizer_and_warn(min_q_val, "min-q", "min-qp");
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &max_q_level, argi)) {
      const unsigned int max_q_val = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
      config->cfg.rc_max_quantizer =
          get_qindex_from_quantizer_and_warn(max_q_val, "max-q", "max-qp");
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &undershoot_pct, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_undershoot_pct = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &overshoot_pct, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_overshoot_pct = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &buf_sz, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_buf_sz = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &buf_initial_sz, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_buf_initial_sz = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &buf_optimal_sz, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_buf_optimal_sz = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
#if !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &bias_pct, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_2pass_vbr_bias_pct = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
      if (global->passes < 2)
        warn("option %s ignored in one-pass mode.\n", arg.name);
#endif  // !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &minsection_pct, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_2pass_vbr_minsection_pct = arg_parse_uint(&arg);

      if (global->passes < 2)
        warn("option %s ignored in one-pass mode.\n", arg.name);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &maxsection_pct, argi)) {
      config->cfg.rc_2pass_vbr_maxsection_pct = arg_parse_uint(&arg);

      if (global->passes < 2)
        warn("option %s ignored in one-pass mode.\n", arg.name);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &fwd_kf_enabled, argi)) {
      config->cfg.fwd_kf_enabled = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &kf_min_dist, argi)) {
      config->cfg.kf_min_dist = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &kf_max_dist, argi)) {
      config->cfg.kf_max_dist = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &kf_disabled, argi)) {
      config->cfg.kf_mode = AOM_KF_DISABLED;
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &sframe_dist, argi)) {
      config->cfg.sframe_dist = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &sframe_mode, argi)) {
      config->cfg.sframe_mode = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &save_as_annexb, argi)) {
      config->cfg.save_as_annexb = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &tile_width, argi)) {
      config->cfg.tile_width_count =
          arg_parse_list(&arg, config->cfg.tile_widths, MAX_TILE_WIDTHS);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &tile_height, argi)) {
      config->cfg.tile_height_count =
          arg_parse_list(&arg, config->cfg.tile_heights, MAX_TILE_HEIGHTS);
#if CONFIG_TUNE_VMAF
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &vmaf_model_path, argi)) {
      config->vmaf_model_path = arg.val;
#endif
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &use_fixed_qp_offsets, argi)) {
      config->cfg.use_fixed_qp_offsets = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &fixed_qp_offsets, argi)) {
      const int fixed_qp_offset_count = arg_parse_list(
          &arg, config->cfg.fixed_qp_offsets, FIXED_QP_OFFSET_COUNT);
      if (fixed_qp_offset_count < FIXED_QP_OFFSET_COUNT) {
        die("Option --fixed_qp_offsets requires %d comma-separated values, but "
            "only %d values were provided.\n",
            FIXED_QP_OFFSET_COUNT, fixed_qp_offset_count);
      }
      config->cfg.use_fixed_qp_offsets = 1;
    } else if (global->usage == AOM_USAGE_REALTIME &&
               arg_match(&arg, &enable_restoration, argi)) {
      if (arg_parse_uint(&arg) == 1) {
        warn("non-zero %s option ignored in realtime mode.\n", arg.name);
      }
    } else if (arg_match(&arg, &cq_level, argi)) {
      const unsigned int cq_level_val = arg_parse_uint(&arg);
      const int qp_val =
          get_qindex_from_quantizer_and_warn(cq_level_val, "cq-level", "qp");
      const int idx = config->arg_ctrl_cnt;
      assert(idx < (int)ARG_CTRL_CNT_MAX);
      config->arg_ctrls[idx][0] = AOME_SET_QP;
      config->arg_ctrls[idx][1] = qp_val;
      ++config->arg_ctrl_cnt;
    } else {
      int i, match = 0;
      for (i = 0; ctrl_args[i]; i++) {
        if (arg_match(&arg, ctrl_args[i], argi)) {
          match = 1;
          if (ctrl_args_map) {
            set_config_arg_ctrls(config, ctrl_args_map[i], &arg);
          }
        }
      }
      if (!match) argj++;
    }
  }
  config->use_16bit_internal |= config->cfg.g_bit_depth > AOM_BITS_8;

  if (global->usage == AOM_USAGE_REALTIME && config->cfg.g_lag_in_frames != 0) {
    warn("non-zero lag-in-frames option ignored in realtime mode.\n");
    config->cfg.g_lag_in_frames = 0;
  }
  return eos_mark_found;
}

#define FOREACH_STREAM(iterator, list)                 \
  for (struct stream_state *iterator = list; iterator; \
       iterator = iterator->next)

static void validate_stream_config(const struct stream_state *stream,
                                   const struct AvxEncoderConfig *global) {
  const struct stream_state *streami;
  (void)global;

  if (!stream->config.cfg.g_w || !stream->config.cfg.g_h)
    fatal(
        "Stream %d: Specify stream dimensions with --width (-w) "
        " and --height (-h)",
        stream->index);

  /* Even if bit depth is set on the command line flag to be lower,
   * it is upgraded to at least match the input bit depth.
   */
  assert(stream->config.cfg.g_input_bit_depth <=
         (unsigned int)stream->config.cfg.g_bit_depth);

  for (streami = stream; streami; streami = streami->next) {
    /* All streams require output files */
    if (!streami->config.out_fn)
      fatal("Stream %d: Output file is required (specify with -o)",
            streami->index);

    /* Check for two streams outputting to the same file */
    if (streami != stream) {
      const char *a = stream->config.out_fn;
      const char *b = streami->config.out_fn;
      if (!strcmp(a, b) && strcmp(a, "/dev/null") && strcmp(a, ":nul"))
        fatal("Stream %d: duplicate output file (from stream %d)",
              streami->index, stream->index);
    }

#if !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
    /* Check for two streams sharing a stats file. */
    if (streami != stream) {
      const char *a = stream->config.stats_fn;
      const char *b = streami->config.stats_fn;
      if (a && b && !strcmp(a, b))
        fatal("Stream %d: duplicate stats file (from stream %d)",
              streami->index, stream->index);
    }
#endif  // !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  }
}

static void set_stream_dimensions(struct stream_state *stream, unsigned int w,
                                  unsigned int h) {
  if (!stream->config.cfg.g_w) {
    if (!stream->config.cfg.g_h)
      stream->config.cfg.g_w = w;
    else
      stream->config.cfg.g_w = w * stream->config.cfg.g_h / h;
  }
  if (!stream->config.cfg.g_h) {
    stream->config.cfg.g_h = h * stream->config.cfg.g_w / w;
  }
}

static const char *file_type_to_string(enum VideoFileType t) {
  switch (t) {
    case FILE_TYPE_RAW: return "RAW";
    case FILE_TYPE_Y4M: return "Y4M";
    default: return "Other";
  }
}

static const char *image_format_to_string(aom_img_fmt_t f) {
  switch (f) {
    case AOM_IMG_FMT_I420: return "I420";
    case AOM_IMG_FMT_I422: return "I422";
    case AOM_IMG_FMT_I444: return "I444";
    case AOM_IMG_FMT_YV12: return "YV12";
    case AOM_IMG_FMT_YV1216: return "YV1216";
    case AOM_IMG_FMT_I42016: return "I42016";
    case AOM_IMG_FMT_I42216: return "I42216";
    case AOM_IMG_FMT_I44416: return "I44416";
    default: return "Other";
  }
}

static void print_frames_to_code(FILE *f, struct stream_state *stream,
                                 struct AvxEncoderConfig *global) {
  const struct aom_codec_enc_cfg *cfg = &stream->config.cfg;
  int num_frames = cfg->g_limit / global->step_frames;
  // E.g., if step == 3 and limit == 4, then 2 frames are encoded.
  // Similar for all cases where limit % step != 0.
  if (cfg->g_limit % global->step_frames != 0) {
    ++num_frames;
  }
  fprintf(f, "Frames to be coded             : %d - %d (%d frames",
          global->skip_frames, global->skip_frames + cfg->g_limit - 1,
          num_frames);
  if (global->step_frames == 1) {
    fprintf(f, ")\n");
  } else {
    fprintf(f, ", step size:%d)\n", global->step_frames);
  }
}

static void show_stream_config(struct stream_state *stream,
                               struct AvxEncoderConfig *global,
                               struct AvxInputContext *input) {
  const struct aom_codec_enc_cfg *cfg = &stream->config.cfg;
  const cfg_options_t *encoder_cfg = &stream->encoder.config.enc->encoder_cfg;
  fprintf(stdout, "Codec                          : %s\n",
          aom_codec_iface_name(global->codec));
  fprintf(stdout, "Executable                     : aomenc %s\n", ENV_BITS);
  fprintf(stdout, "Input file                     : %s\n", input->filename);
  fprintf(stdout, "Output file                    : %s\n",
          stream->config.out_fn);
  fprintf(stdout,
          "Input format                   : %s, %s, %dx%d, %3.1f FPS, %d bit\n",
          file_type_to_string(input->file_type),
          image_format_to_string(input->fmt), input->width, input->height,
          (double)global->framerate.num / (double)global->framerate.den,
          input->bit_depth);
  fprintf(stdout, "Number of threads              : %d\n", cfg->g_threads);
  print_frames_to_code(stdout, stream, global);
  fprintf(stdout, "Operating bit depth            : %d\n", cfg->g_bit_depth);
  fprintf(stdout, "Num of coding passes           : %d\n", global->passes);
#if !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  if (global->passes > 1) {
    fprintf(stdout, "Stats file                     : %s\n",
            stream->config.stats_fn);
  }
#endif  // !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  fprintf(stdout, "Lag in frames                  : %d\n",
          cfg->g_lag_in_frames);
  if (cfg->kf_min_dist != cfg->kf_max_dist) {
    fprintf(stdout, "Key frame distance             : %d - %d\n",
            cfg->kf_min_dist, cfg->kf_max_dist);
  } else {
    fprintf(stdout, "Key frame distance             : %d\n", cfg->kf_min_dist);
  }
  if (encoder_cfg->superblock_size != 0) {
    fprintf(stdout, "Super block size               : %d\n",
            encoder_cfg->superblock_size);
  } else {
    fprintf(stdout, "Super block size               : Dynamic\n");
  }
  fprintf(stdout, "Partition size                 : %d - %d\n",
          encoder_cfg->min_partition_size, encoder_cfg->max_partition_size);

  int qp = 0;
  int cpu_used = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < stream->config.arg_ctrl_cnt; i++) {
    int ctrl = stream->config.arg_ctrls[i][0];

    if (ctrl == AOME_SET_QP) {
      qp = stream->config.arg_ctrls[i][1];
    }
    if (ctrl == AOME_SET_CPUUSED) {
      cpu_used = stream->config.arg_ctrls[i][1];
    }
  }
  fprintf(stdout, "QP                             : %d", qp);
  if (cfg->use_fixed_qp_offsets) {
    fprintf(stdout, " [ ");
    for (int level = 0; level < FIXED_QP_OFFSET_COUNT; level++) {
      fprintf(stdout, "%d ", cfg->fixed_qp_offsets[level]);
    }
    fprintf(stdout, "]");
  }
  fprintf(stdout, "\nEncoder speed setting          : %d (cpu-used)\n",
          cpu_used);
  fprintf(stdout, "Trellis quantization           : %d\n",
          !encoder_cfg->disable_trellis_quant);
  fprintf(stdout, "Reduced reference frame set    : %d\n",
          encoder_cfg->enable_reduced_reference_set);
  fprintf(stdout, "Reduced transform set          : %d\n",
          encoder_cfg->reduced_tx_type_set);

  fprintf(
      stdout, "Tool setting (Partition)       : T-Type (%d), 4:1/1:4 (%d)\n",
      encoder_cfg->enable_ab_partitions, encoder_cfg->enable_1to4_partitions);

  fprintf(stdout,
          "Tool setting (Intra)           : SmoothIntra (%d), CfL (%d), "
          "FilterIntra (%d)\n",
          encoder_cfg->enable_smooth_intra, encoder_cfg->enable_cfl_intra,
          encoder_cfg->enable_filter_intra);
  fprintf(stdout,
          "                               : DualFilter (%d), IntraDeltaAngle "
          "(%d)\n",
          encoder_cfg->enable_dual_filter, encoder_cfg->enable_angle_delta);
  fprintf(stdout,
          "                               : "
          "EdgeFilter (%d), PaethPredictor (%d)\n",
          encoder_cfg->enable_intra_edge_filter,
          encoder_cfg->enable_paeth_intra);

  fprintf(stdout,
          "Tool setting (Inter)           : OBMC (%d), WarpMotion (%d), "
          "GlobalMotion (%d)\n",
          encoder_cfg->enable_obmc, encoder_cfg->enable_warped_motion,
          encoder_cfg->enable_global_motion);

  fprintf(stdout,
          "                               : DistCompound (%d), DiCompound "
          "(%d), InterIntra (%d)\n",
          encoder_cfg->enable_dist_wtd_comp, encoder_cfg->enable_diff_wtd_comp,
          encoder_cfg->enable_interintra_comp);

  fprintf(stdout,
          "                               : MaskCompound: (%d), "
          "OneSideCompound (%d), SmoothInterIntra (%d)\n",
          encoder_cfg->enable_masked_comp, encoder_cfg->enable_onesided_comp,
          encoder_cfg->enable_smooth_interintra);

  fprintf(stdout,
          "                               : InterInterWedge (%d), "
          "InterIntraWedge (%d), RefFrameMv (%d)\n",
          encoder_cfg->enable_interinter_wedge,
          encoder_cfg->enable_interintra_wedge,
          encoder_cfg->enable_ref_frame_mvs);

  fprintf(stdout,
          "Tool setting (Transform)       : Flip & IDT (%d), TX_64 (%d)\n",
          encoder_cfg->enable_flip_idtx, encoder_cfg->enable_tx64);

  fprintf(stdout,
          "Tool setting (Loop filter)     : CDEF (%d), LoopRestortion (%d)\n",
          encoder_cfg->enable_cdef, encoder_cfg->enable_restoration);

  fprintf(stdout,
          "Tool setting (Others)          : Palette (%d), IntraBC (%d)\n",
          encoder_cfg->enable_palette, encoder_cfg->enable_intrabc);

  fprintf(stdout, "\n\n");
}

static void open_output_file(struct stream_state *stream,
                             struct AvxEncoderConfig *global,
                             const struct AvxRational *pixel_aspect_ratio,
                             const char *encoder_settings) {
  const char *fn = stream->config.out_fn;
  const struct aom_codec_enc_cfg *const cfg = &stream->config.cfg;

  if (cfg->g_pass == AOM_RC_FIRST_PASS) return;

  stream->file = strcmp(fn, "-") ? fopen(fn, "wb") : set_binary_mode(stdout);

  if (!stream->file) fatal("Failed to open output file");

  if (stream->config.write_webm && fseek(stream->file, 0, SEEK_CUR))
    fatal("WebM output to pipes not supported.");

#if CONFIG_WEBM_IO
  if (stream->config.write_webm) {
    stream->webm_ctx.stream = stream->file;
    if (write_webm_file_header(&stream->webm_ctx, &stream->encoder, cfg,
                               stream->config.stereo_fmt,
                               get_fourcc_by_aom_encoder(global->codec),
                               pixel_aspect_ratio, encoder_settings) != 0) {
      fatal("WebM writer initialization failed.");
    }
  }
#else
  (void)pixel_aspect_ratio;
  (void)encoder_settings;
#endif

  if (!stream->config.write_webm && stream->config.write_ivf) {
    ivf_write_file_header(stream->file, cfg,
                          get_fourcc_by_aom_encoder(global->codec), 0);
  }
}

static void close_output_file(struct stream_state *stream,
                              unsigned int fourcc) {
  const struct aom_codec_enc_cfg *const cfg = &stream->config.cfg;

  if (cfg->g_pass == AOM_RC_FIRST_PASS) return;

#if CONFIG_WEBM_IO
  if (stream->config.write_webm) {
    if (write_webm_file_footer(&stream->webm_ctx) != 0) {
      fatal("WebM writer finalization failed.");
    }
  }
#endif

  if (!stream->config.write_webm && stream->config.write_ivf) {
    if (!fseek(stream->file, 0, SEEK_SET))
      ivf_write_file_header(stream->file, &stream->config.cfg, fourcc,
                            stream->frames_out);
  }

  fclose(stream->file);
}

static void setup_pass(struct stream_state *stream,
                       struct AvxEncoderConfig *global, int pass) {
#if CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  (void)global;
  (void)pass;
  assert(pass == 0);
#else
  if (stream->config.stats_fn) {
    if (!stats_open_file(&stream->stats, stream->config.stats_fn, pass))
      fatal("Failed to open statistics store");
  } else {
    if (!stats_open_mem(&stream->stats, pass))
      fatal("Failed to open statistics store");
  }
#endif  // CONFIG_SINGLEPASS

#if CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
  stream->config.cfg.g_pass = AOM_RC_ONE_PASS;
#else
  stream->config.cfg.g_pass = global->passes == 2
                                  ? pass ? AOM_RC_LAST_PASS : AOM_RC_FIRST_PASS
                                  : AOM_RC_ONE_PASS;
  if (pass) {
    stream->config.cfg.rc_twopass_stats_in = stats_get(&stream->stats);
  }
#endif  // CONFIG_SINGLEPASS

  stream->cx_time = 0;
  stream->nbytes = 0;
  stream->frames_out = 0;
}

static void initialize_encoder(struct stream_state *stream,
                               struct AvxEncoderConfig *global) {
  int i;
  int flags = 0;

  flags |= global->show_psnr ? AOM_CODEC_USE_PSNR : 0;
  flags |= stream->config.use_16bit_internal ? AOM_CODEC_USE_HIGHBITDEPTH : 0;
  flags |= global->quiet ? 0 : AOM_CODEC_USE_PER_FRAME_STATS;

  /* Construct Encoder Context */
  aom_codec_enc_init(&stream->encoder, global->codec, &stream->config.cfg,
                     flags);
  ctx_exit_on_error(&stream->encoder, "Failed to initialize encoder");

  for (i = 0; i < stream->config.arg_ctrl_cnt; i++) {
    int ctrl = stream->config.arg_ctrls[i][0];
    int value = stream->config.arg_ctrls[i][1];
    if (aom_codec_control(&stream->encoder, ctrl, value))
      fprintf(stderr, "Error: Tried to set control %d = %d\n", ctrl, value);

    ctx_exit_on_error(&stream->encoder, "Failed to control codec");
  }

#if CONFIG_TUNE_VMAF
  if (stream->config.vmaf_model_path) {
    AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->encoder, AV1E_SET_VMAF_MODEL_PATH,
                                  stream->config.vmaf_model_path);
  }
#endif

  if (stream->config.film_grain_filename) {
    AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->encoder, AV1E_SET_FILM_GRAIN_TABLE,
                                  stream->config.film_grain_filename);
  }

  if (stream->config.subgop_config_str) {
    AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->encoder, AV1E_SET_SUBGOP_CONFIG_STR,
                                  stream->config.subgop_config_str);
  }
  if (stream->config.subgop_config_path) {
    AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->encoder, AV1E_SET_SUBGOP_CONFIG_PATH,
                                  stream->config.subgop_config_path);
  }
#if CONFIG_AV1_DECODER
  if (global->test_decode != TEST_DECODE_OFF) {
    aom_codec_iface_t *decoder = get_aom_decoder_by_short_name(
        get_short_name_by_aom_encoder(global->codec));
    aom_codec_dec_cfg_t cfg = { 0, 0, 0, !stream->config.use_16bit_internal };
    aom_codec_dec_init(&stream->decoder, decoder, &cfg, 0);

    if (strcmp(get_short_name_by_aom_encoder(global->codec), "av1") == 0) {
      AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->decoder, AV1_SET_TILE_MODE,
                                    stream->config.cfg.large_scale_tile);
      ctx_exit_on_error(&stream->decoder, "Failed to set decode_tile_mode");

      AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->decoder, AV1D_SET_IS_ANNEXB,
                                    stream->config.cfg.save_as_annexb);
      ctx_exit_on_error(&stream->decoder, "Failed to set is_annexb");

      AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->decoder, AV1_SET_DECODE_TILE_ROW,
                                    -1);
      ctx_exit_on_error(&stream->decoder, "Failed to set decode_tile_row");

      AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->decoder, AV1_SET_DECODE_TILE_COL,
                                    -1);
      ctx_exit_on_error(&stream->decoder, "Failed to set decode_tile_col");
    }
  }
#endif
}

static void encode_frame(struct stream_state *stream,
                         struct AvxEncoderConfig *global, struct aom_image *img,
                         unsigned int frames_in) {
  aom_codec_pts_t frame_start, next_frame_start;
  struct aom_codec_enc_cfg *cfg = &stream->config.cfg;
  struct aom_usec_timer timer;

  frame_start =
      (cfg->g_timebase.den * (int64_t)(frames_in - 1) * global->framerate.den) /
      cfg->g_timebase.num / global->framerate.num;
  next_frame_start =
      (cfg->g_timebase.den * (int64_t)(frames_in)*global->framerate.den) /
      cfg->g_timebase.num / global->framerate.num;

  /* Scale if necessary */
  if (img) {
    if ((img->fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) &&
        (img->d_w != cfg->g_w || img->d_h != cfg->g_h)) {
      if (img->fmt != AOM_IMG_FMT_I42016) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s can only scale 4:2:0 inputs\n", exec_name);
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
      }
#if CONFIG_LIBYUV
      if (!stream->img) {
        stream->img =
            aom_img_alloc(NULL, AOM_IMG_FMT_I42016, cfg->g_w, cfg->g_h, 16);
      }
      I420Scale_16(
          (uint16_t *)img->planes[AOM_PLANE_Y], img->stride[AOM_PLANE_Y] / 2,
          (uint16_t *)img->planes[AOM_PLANE_U], img->stride[AOM_PLANE_U] / 2,
          (uint16_t *)img->planes[AOM_PLANE_V], img->stride[AOM_PLANE_V] / 2,
          img->d_w, img->d_h, (uint16_t *)stream->img->planes[AOM_PLANE_Y],
          stream->img->stride[AOM_PLANE_Y] / 2,
          (uint16_t *)stream->img->planes[AOM_PLANE_U],
          stream->img->stride[AOM_PLANE_U] / 2,
          (uint16_t *)stream->img->planes[AOM_PLANE_V],
          stream->img->stride[AOM_PLANE_V] / 2, stream->img->d_w,
          stream->img->d_h, kFilterBox);
      img = stream->img;
#else
      stream->encoder.err = 1;
      ctx_exit_on_error(&stream->encoder,
                        "Stream %d: Failed to encode frame.\n"
                        "libyuv is required for scaling but is currently "
                        "disabled.\n"
                        "Be sure to specify -DCONFIG_LIBYUV=1 when running "
                        "cmake.\n",
                        stream->index);
#endif
    }
  }
  if (img && (img->d_w != cfg->g_w || img->d_h != cfg->g_h)) {
    if (img->fmt != AOM_IMG_FMT_I420 && img->fmt != AOM_IMG_FMT_YV12) {
      fprintf(stderr, "%s can only scale 4:2:0 8bpp inputs\n", exec_name);
      exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
#if CONFIG_LIBYUV
    if (!stream->img)
      stream->img =
          aom_img_alloc(NULL, AOM_IMG_FMT_I420, cfg->g_w, cfg->g_h, 16);
    I420Scale(
        img->planes[AOM_PLANE_Y], img->stride[AOM_PLANE_Y],
        img->planes[AOM_PLANE_U], img->stride[AOM_PLANE_U],
        img->planes[AOM_PLANE_V], img->stride[AOM_PLANE_V], img->d_w, img->d_h,
        stream->img->planes[AOM_PLANE_Y], stream->img->stride[AOM_PLANE_Y],
        stream->img->planes[AOM_PLANE_U], stream->img->stride[AOM_PLANE_U],
        stream->img->planes[AOM_PLANE_V], stream->img->stride[AOM_PLANE_V],
        stream->img->d_w, stream->img->d_h, kFilterBox);
    img = stream->img;
#else
    stream->encoder.err = 1;
    ctx_exit_on_error(&stream->encoder,
                      "Stream %d: Failed to encode frame.\n"
                      "Scaling disabled in this configuration. \n"
                      "To enable, configure with --enable-libyuv\n",
                      stream->index);
#endif
  }

  aom_usec_timer_start(&timer);
  aom_codec_encode(&stream->encoder, img, frame_start,
                   (uint32_t)(next_frame_start - frame_start), 0);
  aom_usec_timer_mark(&timer);
  stream->cx_time += aom_usec_timer_elapsed(&timer);
  ctx_exit_on_error(&stream->encoder, "Stream %d: Failed to encode frame",
                    stream->index);
}

static void update_quantizer_histogram(struct stream_state *stream) {
  if (stream->config.cfg.g_pass != AOM_RC_FIRST_PASS) {
    int q;

    AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->encoder, AOME_GET_LAST_QUANTIZER,
                                  &q);
    ctx_exit_on_error(&stream->encoder, "Failed to read quantizer");
    stream->counts[q]++;
  }
}

static void get_cx_data(struct stream_state *stream,
                        struct AvxEncoderConfig *global, int *got_data) {
  const aom_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt;
  const struct aom_codec_enc_cfg *cfg = &stream->config.cfg;
  aom_codec_iter_t iter = NULL;

  *got_data = 0;
  while ((pkt = aom_codec_get_cx_data(&stream->encoder, &iter))) {
    static size_t fsize = 0;
    static FileOffset ivf_header_pos = 0;

    switch (pkt->kind) {
      case AOM_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT:
        ++stream->frames_out;
        update_rate_histogram(stream->rate_hist, cfg, pkt);
#if CONFIG_WEBM_IO
        if (stream->config.write_webm) {
          if (write_webm_block(&stream->webm_ctx, cfg, pkt) != 0) {
            fatal("WebM writer failed.");
          }
        }
#endif
        if (!stream->config.write_webm) {
          if (stream->config.write_ivf) {
            if (pkt->data.frame.partition_id <= 0) {
              ivf_header_pos = ftello(stream->file);
              fsize = pkt->data.frame.sz;

              ivf_write_frame_header(stream->file, pkt->data.frame.pts, fsize);
            } else {
              fsize += pkt->data.frame.sz;

              const FileOffset currpos = ftello(stream->file);
              fseeko(stream->file, ivf_header_pos, SEEK_SET);
              ivf_write_frame_size(stream->file, fsize);
              fseeko(stream->file, currpos, SEEK_SET);
            }
          }

          (void)fwrite(pkt->data.frame.buf, 1, pkt->data.frame.sz,
                       stream->file);
        }
        stream->nbytes += pkt->data.raw.sz;

        *got_data = 1;
#if CONFIG_AV1_DECODER
        if (global->test_decode != TEST_DECODE_OFF && !stream->mismatch_seen) {
          aom_codec_decode(&stream->decoder, pkt->data.frame.buf,
                           pkt->data.frame.sz, NULL);
          if (stream->decoder.err) {
            warn_or_exit_on_error(&stream->decoder,
                                  global->test_decode == TEST_DECODE_FATAL,
                                  "Failed to decode frame %d in stream %d",
                                  stream->frames_out + 1, stream->index);
            stream->mismatch_seen = stream->frames_out + 1;
          }
        }
#endif
        break;
#if !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
      case AOM_CODEC_STATS_PKT:
        stream->frames_out++;
        stats_write(&stream->stats, pkt->data.twopass_stats.buf,
                    pkt->data.twopass_stats.sz);
        stream->nbytes += pkt->data.raw.sz;
        break;
#endif  // !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
      case AOM_CODEC_PSNR_PKT:

        if (global->show_psnr) {
          int i;

          stream->psnr_sse_total += pkt->data.psnr.sse[0];
          stream->psnr_samples_total += pkt->data.psnr.samples[0];
          for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            stream->psnr_totals[i] += pkt->data.psnr.psnr[i];
          }
          stream->psnr_count++;
        }

        break;
      default: break;
    }
  }
}

static float usec_to_fps(uint64_t usec, unsigned int frames) {
  return (float)(usec > 0 ? frames * 1000000.0 / (float)usec : 0);
}

static void write_recon_file(struct stream_state *stream, FILE *file) {
  aom_image_t enc_img;

  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->encoder, AV1_GET_NEW_FRAME_IMAGE,
                                &enc_img);

  ctx_exit_on_error(&stream->encoder,
                    "Failed to get encoder reconstructed frame");

  int num_planes = enc_img.monochrome ? 1 : 3;
  const int PLANES_YUV[] = { AOM_PLANE_Y, AOM_PLANE_U, AOM_PLANE_V };
  const int *planes = PLANES_YUV;
  raw_write_image_file(&enc_img, planes, num_planes, file);
}

static void test_decode(struct stream_state *stream,
                        enum TestDecodeFatality fatal) {
  aom_image_t enc_img, dec_img;

  if (stream->mismatch_seen) return;

  /* Get the internal reference frame */
  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->encoder, AV1_GET_NEW_FRAME_IMAGE,
                                &enc_img);
  AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->decoder, AV1_GET_NEW_FRAME_IMAGE,
                                &dec_img);

  if ((enc_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) !=
      (dec_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH)) {
    if (enc_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
      aom_image_t enc_hbd_img;
      aom_img_alloc(&enc_hbd_img, enc_img.fmt - AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH,
                    enc_img.d_w, enc_img.d_h, 16);
      aom_img_truncate_16_to_8(&enc_hbd_img, &enc_img);
      enc_img = enc_hbd_img;
    }
    if (dec_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
      aom_image_t dec_hbd_img;
      aom_img_alloc(&dec_hbd_img, dec_img.fmt - AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH,
                    dec_img.d_w, dec_img.d_h, 16);
      aom_img_truncate_16_to_8(&dec_hbd_img, &dec_img);
      dec_img = dec_hbd_img;
    }
  }

  ctx_exit_on_error(&stream->encoder, "Failed to get encoder reference frame");
  ctx_exit_on_error(&stream->decoder, "Failed to get decoder reference frame");

  if (!aom_compare_img(&enc_img, &dec_img)) {
    int y[4], u[4], v[4];
    if (enc_img.fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) {
      aom_find_mismatch_high(&enc_img, &dec_img, y, u, v);
    } else {
      aom_find_mismatch(&enc_img, &dec_img, y, u, v);
    }
    stream->decoder.err = 1;
    warn_or_exit_on_error(&stream->decoder, fatal == TEST_DECODE_FATAL,
                          "Stream %d: Encode/decode mismatch on frame %d at"
                          " Y[%d, %d] {%d/%d},"
                          " U[%d, %d] {%d/%d},"
                          " V[%d, %d] {%d/%d}",
                          stream->index, stream->frames_out, y[0], y[1], y[2],
                          y[3], u[0], u[1], u[2], u[3], v[0], v[1], v[2], v[3]);
    stream->mismatch_seen = stream->frames_out;
  }

  aom_img_free(&enc_img);
  aom_img_free(&dec_img);
}

int main(int argc, const char **argv_) {
  int pass;
  aom_image_t raw;
  aom_image_t raw_shift;
  int allocated_raw_shift = 0;
  int do_16bit_internal = 0;
  int input_shift = 0;

  struct AvxInputContext input;
  struct AvxEncoderConfig global;
  struct stream_state *streams = NULL;
  char **argv, **argi;
  uint64_t cx_time = 0;
  int stream_cnt = 0;
  int res = 0;
  int profile_updated = 0;

  memset(&input, 0, sizeof(input));
  exec_name = argv_[0];

  /* Setup default input stream settings */
  input.framerate.numerator = 30;
  input.framerate.denominator = 1;
  input.only_i420 = 1;
  input.bit_depth = 0;

  FILE *recon_file = NULL;

  /* First parse the global configuration values, because we want to apply
   * other parameters on top of the default configuration provided by the
   * codec.
   */
  argv = argv_dup(argc - 1, argv_ + 1);
  parse_global_config(&global, &argv);

  if (argc < 2) usage_exit();

  switch (global.color_type) {
    case I420: input.fmt = AOM_IMG_FMT_I420; break;
    case I422: input.fmt = AOM_IMG_FMT_I422; break;
    case I444: input.fmt = AOM_IMG_FMT_I444; break;
    case YV12: input.fmt = AOM_IMG_FMT_YV12; break;
  }

  {
    /* Now parse each stream's parameters. Using a local scope here
     * due to the use of 'stream' as loop variable in FOREACH_STREAM
     * loops
     */
    struct stream_state *stream = NULL;

    do {
      stream = new_stream(&global, stream);
      stream_cnt++;
      if (!streams) streams = stream;
    } while (parse_stream_params(&global, stream, argv));
  }

  /* Check for unrecognized options */
  for (argi = argv; *argi; argi++)
    if (argi[0][0] == '-' && argi[0][1])
      die("Error: Unrecognized option %s\n", *argi);

  FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
    check_encoder_config(global.disable_warning_prompt, &global,
                         &stream->config.cfg);

    // If large_scale_tile = 1, only support to output to ivf format.
    if (stream->config.cfg.large_scale_tile && !stream->config.write_ivf)
      die("only support ivf output format while large-scale-tile=1\n");
  }

  /* Handle non-option arguments */
  input.filename = argv[0];

  FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
    if (stream->config.recon_fn != NULL) {
      recon_file = fopen(stream->config.recon_fn, "wb");
      if (!recon_file) fatal("Failed to open recon file");
    }
  }

  if (!input.filename) {
    fprintf(stderr, "No input file specified!\n");
    usage_exit();
  }

  /* Decide if other chroma subsamplings than 4:2:0 are supported */
  if (get_fourcc_by_aom_encoder(global.codec) == AV1_FOURCC)
    input.only_i420 = 0;

  for (pass = global.pass ? global.pass - 1 : 0; pass < global.passes; pass++) {
    open_input_file(&input, global.csp);

    /* If the input file doesn't specify its w/h (raw files), try to get
     * the data from the first stream's configuration.
     */
    if (!input.width || !input.height) {
      FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
        if (stream->config.cfg.g_w && stream->config.cfg.g_h) {
          input.width = stream->config.cfg.g_w;
          input.height = stream->config.cfg.g_h;
          break;
        }
      };
    }

    /* Update stream configurations from the input file's parameters */
    if (!input.width || !input.height)
      fatal(
          "Specify stream dimensions with --width (-w) "
          " and --height (-h)");

    /* If input file does not specify bit-depth but input-bit-depth parameter
     * exists, assume that to be the input bit-depth. However, if the
     * input-bit-depth paramter does not exist, assume the input bit-depth
     * to be the same as the codec bit-depth.
     */
    if (!input.bit_depth) {
      FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
        if (stream->config.cfg.g_input_bit_depth)
          input.bit_depth = stream->config.cfg.g_input_bit_depth;
        else
          input.bit_depth = stream->config.cfg.g_input_bit_depth =
              (int)stream->config.cfg.g_bit_depth;
      }
      if (input.bit_depth > 8) input.fmt |= AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH;
    } else {
      FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
        stream->config.cfg.g_input_bit_depth = input.bit_depth;
      }
    }

    FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
      if (input.fmt != AOM_IMG_FMT_I420 && input.fmt != AOM_IMG_FMT_I42016) {
        /* Automatically upgrade if input is non-4:2:0 but a 4:2:0 profile
           was selected. */
        switch (stream->config.cfg.g_profile) {
          case 0:
            if (input.bit_depth < 12 && (input.fmt == AOM_IMG_FMT_I444 ||
                                         input.fmt == AOM_IMG_FMT_I44416)) {
              if (!stream->config.cfg.monochrome) {
                stream->config.cfg.g_profile = 1;
                profile_updated = 1;
              }
            } else if (input.bit_depth == 12 || input.fmt == AOM_IMG_FMT_I422 ||
                       input.fmt == AOM_IMG_FMT_I42216) {
              stream->config.cfg.g_profile = 2;
              profile_updated = 1;
            }
            break;
          case 1:
            if (input.bit_depth == 12 || input.fmt == AOM_IMG_FMT_I422 ||
                input.fmt == AOM_IMG_FMT_I42216) {
              stream->config.cfg.g_profile = 2;
              profile_updated = 1;
            } else if (input.bit_depth < 12 &&
                       (input.fmt == AOM_IMG_FMT_I420 ||
                        input.fmt == AOM_IMG_FMT_I42016)) {
              stream->config.cfg.g_profile = 0;
              profile_updated = 1;
            }
            break;
          case 2:
            if (input.bit_depth < 12 && (input.fmt == AOM_IMG_FMT_I444 ||
                                         input.fmt == AOM_IMG_FMT_I44416)) {
              stream->config.cfg.g_profile = 1;
              profile_updated = 1;
            } else if (input.bit_depth < 12 &&
                       (input.fmt == AOM_IMG_FMT_I420 ||
                        input.fmt == AOM_IMG_FMT_I42016)) {
              stream->config.cfg.g_profile = 0;
              profile_updated = 1;
            } else if (input.bit_depth == 12 &&
                       input.file_type == FILE_TYPE_Y4M) {
              // Note that here the input file values for chroma subsampling
              // are used instead of those from the command line.
              AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->encoder,
                                            AV1E_SET_CHROMA_SUBSAMPLING_X,
                                            input.y4m.dst_c_dec_h >> 1);
              AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->encoder,
                                            AV1E_SET_CHROMA_SUBSAMPLING_Y,
                                            input.y4m.dst_c_dec_v >> 1);
            } else if (input.bit_depth == 12 &&
                       input.file_type == FILE_TYPE_RAW) {
              AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->encoder,
                                            AV1E_SET_CHROMA_SUBSAMPLING_X,
                                            stream->chroma_subsampling_x);
              AOM_CODEC_CONTROL_TYPECHECKED(&stream->encoder,
                                            AV1E_SET_CHROMA_SUBSAMPLING_Y,
                                            stream->chroma_subsampling_y);
            }
            break;
          default: break;
        }
      }
      /* Automatically set the codec bit depth to match the input bit depth.
       * Upgrade the profile if required. */
      if (stream->config.cfg.g_input_bit_depth >
          (unsigned int)stream->config.cfg.g_bit_depth) {
        stream->config.cfg.g_bit_depth = stream->config.cfg.g_input_bit_depth;
        if (!global.quiet) {
          fprintf(stderr,
                  "Warning: automatically updating bit depth to %d to "
                  "match input format.\n",
                  stream->config.cfg.g_input_bit_depth);
        }
      }
#if !CONFIG_AV1_HIGHBITDEPTH
      if (stream->config.cfg.g_bit_depth > 8) {
        fatal("Unsupported bit-depth with CONFIG_AV1_HIGHBITDEPTH=0\n");
      }
#endif  // CONFIG_AV1_HIGHBITDEPTH
      if (stream->config.cfg.g_bit_depth > 10) {
        switch (stream->config.cfg.g_profile) {
          case 0:
          case 1:
            stream->config.cfg.g_profile = 2;
            profile_updated = 1;
            break;
          default: break;
        }
      }
      if (stream->config.cfg.g_bit_depth > 8) {
        stream->config.use_16bit_internal = 1;
      }
      if (profile_updated && !global.quiet) {
        fprintf(stderr,
                "Warning: automatically updating to profile %d to "
                "match input format.\n",
                stream->config.cfg.g_profile);
      }
      /* Set limit */
      stream->config.cfg.g_limit = global.limit;
    }

    FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
      set_stream_dimensions(stream, input.width, input.height);
    }
    FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) { validate_stream_config(stream, &global); }

#if !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
    /* Ensure that --passes and --pass are consistent. If --pass is set and
     * --passes=2, ensure --fpf was set.
     */
    if (global.pass && global.passes == 2) {
      FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
        if (!stream->config.stats_fn)
          die("Stream %d: Must specify --fpf when --pass=%d"
              " and --passes=2\n",
              stream->index, global.pass);
      }
    }
#endif  // !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS

#if !CONFIG_WEBM_IO
    FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
      if (stream->config.write_webm) {
        stream->config.write_webm = 0;
        stream->config.write_ivf = 0;
        warn("aomenc compiled w/o WebM support. Writing OBU stream.");
      }
    }
#endif

    /* Use the frame rate from the file only if none was specified
     * on the command-line.
     */
    if (!global.have_framerate) {
      global.framerate.num = input.framerate.numerator;
      global.framerate.den = input.framerate.denominator;
    }
    FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
      stream->config.cfg.g_timebase.den = global.framerate.num;
      stream->config.cfg.g_timebase.num = global.framerate.den;
    }

    if (CONFIG_SINGLEPASS || pass == (global.pass ? global.pass - 1 : 0)) {
      if (input.file_type == FILE_TYPE_Y4M)
        /*The Y4M reader does its own allocation.
          Just initialize this here to avoid problems if we never read any
          frames.*/
        memset(&raw, 0, sizeof(raw));
      else
        aom_img_alloc(&raw, input.fmt, input.width, input.height, 32);

      FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
        stream->rate_hist =
            init_rate_histogram(&stream->config.cfg, &global.framerate);
      }
    }

    FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) { setup_pass(stream, &global, pass); }
    FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) { initialize_encoder(stream, &global); }

#if CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
    if (global.verbose) {
#else
    if (global.verbose && pass == 0) {
#endif  // CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
      FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
        show_stream_config(stream, &global, &input);
      }
    }

    FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
      char *encoder_settings = NULL;
#if CONFIG_WEBM_IO
      // Test frameworks may compare outputs from different versions, but only
      // wish to check for bitstream changes. The encoder-settings tag, however,
      // can vary if the version is updated, even if no encoder algorithm
      // changes were made. To work around this issue, do not output
      // the encoder-settings tag when --debug is enabled (which is the flag
      // that test frameworks should use, when they want deterministic output
      // from the container format).
      if (stream->config.write_webm && !stream->webm_ctx.debug) {
        encoder_settings = extract_encoder_settings(
            aom_codec_version_str(), argv_, argc, input.filename);
        if (encoder_settings == NULL) {
          fprintf(
              stderr,
              "Warning: unable to extract encoder settings. Continuing...\n");
        }
      }
#endif
      open_output_file(stream, &global, &input.pixel_aspect_ratio,
                       encoder_settings);
      free(encoder_settings);
    }

    if (strcmp(get_short_name_by_aom_encoder(global.codec), "av1") == 0) {
      // Check to see if at least one stream uses 16 bit internal.
      // Currently assume that the bit_depths for all streams using
      // highbitdepth are the same.
      FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
        if (stream->config.use_16bit_internal) {
          do_16bit_internal = 1;
        }
        input_shift = (int)stream->config.cfg.g_bit_depth -
                      stream->config.cfg.g_input_bit_depth;
      };
    }

    // Keep track of the total number of frames passed to the encoder.
    int seen_frames = 0;
    // Does the encoder have queued data that needs retrieval?
    int got_data = 0;
    // Is there a frame available for processing?
    int frame_avail = 1;

    // Wrap the original stream of frames in an "object" that returns the
    // same set of streams.
    StreamIter orig_stream;
    copy_stream_iter_init(&orig_stream, &input);

    // The skip iterator will skip the first N frames. Wrap the original
    // stream in the skip iterator.
    StreamIter skip_stream;
    skip_stream_iter_init(&skip_stream, &orig_stream, global.skip_frames);

    // The step iterator will only return every N-th frame.
    StreamIter step_stream;
    step_stream_iter_init(&step_stream, &skip_stream, global.step_frames);

    // The limit iterator will stop returning frames after the N-th.
    StreamIter limit_stream;
    limit_stream_iter_init(&limit_stream, &step_stream, global.limit);
    while (frame_avail || got_data) {
      frame_avail = read_stream_iter(&limit_stream, &raw);
      if (frame_avail) {
        seen_frames++;
      }
      fflush(stdout);

      aom_image_t *frame_to_encode;
      if (input_shift || (do_16bit_internal && input.bit_depth == 8)) {
        assert(do_16bit_internal);
        // Input bit depth and stream bit depth do not match, so up
        // shift frame to stream bit depth
        if (!allocated_raw_shift) {
          aom_img_alloc(&raw_shift, raw.fmt | AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH,
                        input.width, input.height, 32);
          allocated_raw_shift = 1;
        }
        aom_img_upshift(&raw_shift, &raw, input_shift);
        frame_to_encode = &raw_shift;
      } else {
        frame_to_encode = &raw;
      }
      struct aom_usec_timer timer;
      aom_usec_timer_start(&timer);
      if (do_16bit_internal) {
        assert(frame_to_encode->fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH);
        FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
          if (stream->config.use_16bit_internal)
            encode_frame(stream, &global, frame_avail ? frame_to_encode : NULL,
                         seen_frames);
          else
            assert(0);
        };
      } else {
        assert((frame_to_encode->fmt & AOM_IMG_FMT_HIGHBITDEPTH) == 0);
        FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
          encode_frame(stream, &global, frame_avail ? frame_to_encode : NULL,
                       seen_frames);
        }
      }
      aom_usec_timer_mark(&timer);
      cx_time += aom_usec_timer_elapsed(&timer);

      FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) { update_quantizer_histogram(stream); }

      got_data = 0;
      FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
        get_cx_data(stream, &global, &got_data);
      }
      if (got_data && recon_file != NULL) {
        FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
          write_recon_file(stream, recon_file);
        }
      }
      if (got_data && global.test_decode != TEST_DECODE_OFF) {
        FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
          test_decode(stream, global.test_decode);
        }
      }
      fflush(stdout);
    }

    if (stream_cnt > 1) fprintf(stderr, "\n");

    if (!global.quiet && (pass + 1) == global.passes) {
      FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
        const double bpf =
            seen_frames ? ((double)stream->nbytes * 8.0 / (double)seen_frames)
                        : 0.0;
        const double kbps = (bpf * (double)global.framerate.num /
                             (double)global.framerate.den) /
                            1000.0;
        const double peak = (1 << stream->config.cfg.g_input_bit_depth) - 1;
        const double ovpsnr = sse_to_psnr((double)stream->psnr_samples_total,
                                          peak, (double)stream->psnr_sse_total);
        double psnr[4] = { 0.0 };
        if (global.show_psnr) {
          for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            psnr[i] = stream->psnr_totals[i] / stream->psnr_count;
          }
          fprintf(stdout,
                  "\n         Bitrate(kbps)  |  PSNR(Y)  |  PSNR(U)  "
                  "|  PSNR(V)  |  PSNR(Avg)  |  PSNR(Overall)  "
                  "|  Encoding time (FPS)\n");
          fprintf(stdout,
                  "-----------------------------------------"
                  "---------------------------------------"
                  "----------------------------\n");

          fprintf(stdout,
                  "Summary:    %10.4f  |  %2.4f  |  %2.4f  |  %2.4f"
                  "  |  %2.4f    |  %2.4f        |  %6.1fs (%3.1f fps)\n",
                  kbps, psnr[1], psnr[2], psnr[3], psnr[0], ovpsnr,
                  stream->cx_time / 1000000.0,
                  usec_to_fps(stream->cx_time, seen_frames));
        } else {
          fprintf(stdout, "\n         Bitrate(kbps) |  Encoding time (FPS)\n");
          fprintf(stdout,
                  "-----------------------------------------"
                  "---------------------------------------"
                  "----------------------------\n");
          fprintf(stdout, "Summary:    %10.4f  |  %6.1fs (%3.1f fps)\n", kbps,
                  stream->cx_time / 1000000.0,
                  usec_to_fps(stream->cx_time, seen_frames));
        }
      }
    }

    FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) { aom_codec_destroy(&stream->encoder); }

    if (global.test_decode != TEST_DECODE_OFF) {
      FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) { aom_codec_destroy(&stream->decoder); }
    }

    close_input_file(&input);

    if (global.test_decode == TEST_DECODE_FATAL) {
      FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) { res |= stream->mismatch_seen; }
    }
    FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
      close_output_file(stream, get_fourcc_by_aom_encoder(global.codec));
    }

#if !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS
    FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
      stats_close(&stream->stats, global.passes - 1);
    }
#endif  // !CONFIG_SINGLEPASS

    if (global.pass) break;
  }

  if (global.show_q_hist_buckets) {
    FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
      show_q_histogram(stream->counts, global.show_q_hist_buckets);
    }
  }

  if (global.show_rate_hist_buckets) {
    FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
      show_rate_histogram(stream->rate_hist, &stream->config.cfg,
                          global.show_rate_hist_buckets);
    }
  }
  FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) { destroy_rate_histogram(stream->rate_hist); }

#if CONFIG_INTERNAL_STATS
  /* TODO(jkoleszar): This doesn't belong in this executable. Do it for now,
   * to match some existing utilities.
   */
  if (!(global.pass == 1 && global.passes == 2)) {
    FOREACH_STREAM(stream, streams) {
      FILE *f = fopen("opsnr.stt", "a");
      if (stream->mismatch_seen) {
        fprintf(f, "First mismatch occurred in frame %d\n",
                stream->mismatch_seen);
      } else {
        fprintf(f, "No mismatch detected in recon buffers\n");
      }
      fclose(f);
    }
  }
#endif

  if (recon_file != NULL) fclose(recon_file);

  if (allocated_raw_shift) aom_img_free(&raw_shift);
  aom_img_free(&raw);
  free(argv);
  free(streams);
  return res ? EXIT_FAILURE : EXIT_SUCCESS;
}