/*
 * Copyright (c) 2021, Alliance for Open Media. All rights reserved
 *
 * This source code is subject to the terms of the BSD 3-Clause Clear License
 * and the Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0. If the BSD 3-Clause Clear
 * License was not distributed with this source code in the LICENSE file, you
 * can obtain it at aomedia.org/license/software-license/bsd-3-c-c/.  If the
 * Alliance for Open Media Patent License 1.0 was not distributed with this
 * source code in the PATENTS file, you can obtain it at
 * aomedia.org/license/patent-license/.
 */

#include "aom_ports/system_state.h"

#include "av1/common/blockd.h"
#include "av1/common/enums.h"
#include "av1/common/reconintra.h"

#include "av1/encoder/aq_complexity.h"
#include "av1/encoder/aq_variance.h"
#include "av1/encoder/context_tree.h"
#include "av1/encoder/encoder.h"
#include "av1/encoder/encodeframe.h"
#include "av1/encoder/encodeframe_utils.h"
#include "av1/encoder/encodemv.h"
#include "av1/encoder/motion_search_facade.h"
#include "av1/encoder/partition_search.h"
#include "av1/encoder/reconinter_enc.h"
#include "av1/encoder/tokenize.h"
#if CONFIG_ADAPTIVE_MVD
#include "av1/common/reconinter.h"
#endif  // CONFIG_ADAPTIVE_MVD

#include "aom_util/debug_util.h"

#if CONFIG_TUNE_VMAF
#include "av1/encoder/tune_vmaf.h"
#endif

#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
static void update_partition_cdfs_and_counts(MACROBLOCKD *xd, int blk_col,
                                             int blk_row, TX_SIZE max_tx_size,
                                             int allow_update_cdf,
                                             FRAME_COUNTS *counts) {
  (void)counts;
  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  const BLOCK_SIZE bsize = mbmi->sb_type[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART];
  const int is_inter = is_inter_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type);
  const int txb_size_index =
      is_inter ? av1_get_txb_size_index(bsize, blk_row, blk_col) : 0;
  const int is_rect = is_rect_tx(max_tx_size);
  const TX_PARTITION_TYPE partition = mbmi->tx_partition_type[txb_size_index];
  const int allow_horz = allow_tx_horz_split(max_tx_size);
  const int allow_vert = allow_tx_vert_split(max_tx_size);
  const int allow_horz4 = allow_tx_horz4_split(max_tx_size);
  const int allow_vert4 = allow_tx_vert4_split(max_tx_size);
  if (allow_horz && allow_vert) {
    const TX_PARTITION_TYPE split4_partition = get_split4_partition(partition);
    const int split4_ctx =
        is_inter ? txfm_partition_split4_inter_context(
                       xd->above_txfm_context + blk_col,
                       xd->left_txfm_context + blk_row, bsize, max_tx_size)
                 : get_tx_size_context(xd);
    aom_cdf_prob *split4_cdf =
        is_inter
            ? xd->tile_ctx->inter_4way_txfm_partition_cdf[is_rect][split4_ctx]
            : xd->tile_ctx->intra_4way_txfm_partition_cdf[is_rect][split4_ctx];
    if (allow_update_cdf) {
      update_cdf(split4_cdf, split4_partition, 4);
    }
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    if (is_inter)
      ++counts
            ->inter_4way_txfm_partition[is_rect][split4_ctx][split4_partition];
    else
      ++counts
            ->intra_4way_txfm_partition[is_rect][split4_ctx][split4_partition];
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS

    if (((split4_partition == TX_PARTITION_VERT) && allow_vert4) ||
        ((split4_partition == TX_PARTITION_HORZ) && allow_horz4)) {
      const int has_split = (partition == TX_PARTITION_HORZ4) ||
                            (partition == TX_PARTITION_VERT4);
      if (allow_update_cdf) {
        aom_cdf_prob *split2_rect_cdf =
            is_inter ? xd->tile_ctx->inter_2way_rect_txfm_partition_cdf
                     : xd->tile_ctx->intra_2way_rect_txfm_partition_cdf;
        update_cdf(split2_rect_cdf, has_split, 2);
      }
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
      if (is_inter)
        ++counts->inter_2way_rect_txfm_partition[has_split];
      else
        ++counts->intra_2way_rect_txfm_partition[has_split];
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    }

  } else if (allow_horz || allow_vert) {
    const int has_first_split = partition != TX_PARTITION_NONE;
    if (allow_update_cdf) {
      aom_cdf_prob *split2_cdf =
          is_inter ? xd->tile_ctx->inter_2way_txfm_partition_cdf
                   : xd->tile_ctx->intra_2way_txfm_partition_cdf;
      update_cdf(split2_cdf, has_first_split, 2);
    }
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    if (is_inter)
      ++counts->inter_2way_txfm_partition[has_first_split];
    else
      ++counts->intra_2way_txfm_partition[has_first_split];
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS

    if (has_first_split && (allow_horz4 || allow_vert4)) {
      const int has_second_split = (partition == TX_PARTITION_VERT4) ||
                                   (partition == TX_PARTITION_HORZ4);
      if (allow_update_cdf) {
        aom_cdf_prob *split2_rect_cdf =
            is_inter ? xd->tile_ctx->inter_2way_rect_txfm_partition_cdf
                     : xd->tile_ctx->intra_2way_rect_txfm_partition_cdf;
        update_cdf(split2_rect_cdf, has_second_split, 2);
      }
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
      if (is_inter)
        ++counts->inter_2way_txfm_partition[has_second_split];
      else
        ++counts->intra_2way_txfm_partition[has_second_split];
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    }

  } else {
    assert(!allow_horz && !allow_vert);
    assert(partition == PARTITION_NONE);
  }
}
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION

static void update_txfm_count(MACROBLOCK *x, MACROBLOCKD *xd,
                              FRAME_COUNTS *counts, TX_SIZE tx_size, int depth,
                              int blk_row, int blk_col,
                              uint8_t allow_update_cdf) {
  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  const BLOCK_SIZE bsize = mbmi->sb_type[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART];
  const int max_blocks_high = max_block_high(xd, bsize, 0);
  const int max_blocks_wide = max_block_wide(xd, bsize, 0);
  const int txb_size_index = av1_get_txb_size_index(bsize, blk_row, blk_col);

  if (blk_row >= max_blocks_high || blk_col >= max_blocks_wide) return;
  assert(tx_size > TX_4X4);
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
  (void)depth;
  TX_SIZE sub_txs[MAX_TX_PARTITIONS] = { 0 };
  get_tx_partition_sizes(mbmi->tx_partition_type[txb_size_index], tx_size,
                         sub_txs);
  // TODO(sarahparker) This assumes all of the tx sizes in the partition scheme
  // are the same size. This will need to be adjusted to deal with the case
  // where they can be different.
  TX_SIZE this_size = sub_txs[0];
  assert(mbmi->inter_tx_size[txb_size_index] == this_size);
  if (mbmi->tx_partition_type[txb_size_index] != TX_PARTITION_NONE)
    ++x->txfm_search_info.txb_split_count;

  update_partition_cdfs_and_counts(xd, blk_col, blk_row, tx_size,
                                   allow_update_cdf, counts);
  mbmi->tx_size = this_size;
  txfm_partition_update(xd->above_txfm_context + blk_col,
                        xd->left_txfm_context + blk_row, this_size, tx_size);
#else  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
  int ctx = txfm_partition_context(
      xd->above_txfm_context + blk_col, xd->left_txfm_context + blk_row,
      mbmi->sb_type[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART], tx_size);
  const TX_SIZE plane_tx_size = mbmi->inter_tx_size[txb_size_index];
  if (depth == MAX_VARTX_DEPTH) {
    // Don't add to counts in this case
    mbmi->tx_size = tx_size;
    txfm_partition_update(xd->above_txfm_context + blk_col,
                          xd->left_txfm_context + blk_row, tx_size, tx_size);
    return;
  }

  if (tx_size == plane_tx_size) {
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    ++counts->txfm_partition[ctx][0];
#endif
    if (allow_update_cdf)
      update_cdf(xd->tile_ctx->txfm_partition_cdf[ctx], 0, 2);
    mbmi->tx_size = tx_size;
    txfm_partition_update(xd->above_txfm_context + blk_col,
                          xd->left_txfm_context + blk_row, tx_size, tx_size);
  } else {
    const TX_SIZE sub_txs = sub_tx_size_map[tx_size];
    const int bsw = tx_size_wide_unit[sub_txs];
    const int bsh = tx_size_high_unit[sub_txs];

#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    ++counts->txfm_partition[ctx][1];
#endif
    if (allow_update_cdf)
      update_cdf(xd->tile_ctx->txfm_partition_cdf[ctx], 1, 2);
    ++x->txfm_search_info.txb_split_count;

    if (sub_txs == TX_4X4) {
      mbmi->inter_tx_size[txb_size_index] = TX_4X4;
      mbmi->tx_size = TX_4X4;
      txfm_partition_update(xd->above_txfm_context + blk_col,
                            xd->left_txfm_context + blk_row, TX_4X4, tx_size);
      return;
    }

    for (int row = 0; row < tx_size_high_unit[tx_size]; row += bsh) {
      for (int col = 0; col < tx_size_wide_unit[tx_size]; col += bsw) {
        int offsetr = row;
        int offsetc = col;

        update_txfm_count(x, xd, counts, sub_txs, depth + 1, blk_row + offsetr,
                          blk_col + offsetc, allow_update_cdf);
      }
    }
  }
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
}

static void tx_partition_count_update(const AV1_COMMON *const cm, MACROBLOCK *x,
                                      BLOCK_SIZE plane_bsize,
                                      FRAME_COUNTS *td_counts,
                                      uint8_t allow_update_cdf) {
  MACROBLOCKD *xd = &x->e_mbd;
  const int mi_width = mi_size_wide[plane_bsize];
  const int mi_height = mi_size_high[plane_bsize];
  const TX_SIZE max_tx_size = get_vartx_max_txsize(xd, plane_bsize, 0);
  const int bh = tx_size_high_unit[max_tx_size];
  const int bw = tx_size_wide_unit[max_tx_size];

  xd->above_txfm_context =
      cm->above_contexts.txfm[xd->tile.tile_row] + xd->mi_col;
  xd->left_txfm_context =
      xd->left_txfm_context_buffer + (xd->mi_row & MAX_MIB_MASK);

  for (int idy = 0; idy < mi_height; idy += bh) {
    for (int idx = 0; idx < mi_width; idx += bw) {
      update_txfm_count(x, xd, td_counts, max_tx_size, 0, idy, idx,
                        allow_update_cdf);
    }
  }
}

static void set_txfm_context(MACROBLOCKD *xd, TX_SIZE tx_size, int blk_row,
                             int blk_col) {
  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  const BLOCK_SIZE bsize = mbmi->sb_type[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART];
  const int max_blocks_high = max_block_high(xd, bsize, 0);
  const int max_blocks_wide = max_block_wide(xd, bsize, 0);
  const int txb_size_index = av1_get_txb_size_index(bsize, blk_row, blk_col);
  const TX_SIZE plane_tx_size = mbmi->inter_tx_size[txb_size_index];

  if (blk_row >= max_blocks_high || blk_col >= max_blocks_wide) return;

  if (tx_size == plane_tx_size) {
    mbmi->tx_size = tx_size;
    txfm_partition_update(xd->above_txfm_context + blk_col,
                          xd->left_txfm_context + blk_row, tx_size, tx_size);

  } else {
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
    TX_SIZE sub_txs[MAX_TX_PARTITIONS] = { 0 };
    const int index = av1_get_txb_size_index(bsize, blk_row, blk_col);
    get_tx_partition_sizes(mbmi->tx_partition_type[index], tx_size, sub_txs);
    int cur_partition = 0;
    int bsw = 0, bsh = 0;
    for (int r = 0; r < tx_size_high_unit[tx_size]; r += bsh) {
      for (int c = 0; c < tx_size_wide_unit[tx_size]; c += bsw) {
        const TX_SIZE sub_tx = sub_txs[cur_partition];
        bsw = tx_size_wide_unit[sub_tx];
        bsh = tx_size_high_unit[sub_tx];
        const int offsetr = blk_row + r;
        const int offsetc = blk_col + c;
        if (offsetr >= max_blocks_high || offsetc >= max_blocks_wide) continue;
        mbmi->tx_size = sub_tx;
        txfm_partition_update(xd->above_txfm_context + blk_col,
                              xd->left_txfm_context + blk_row, sub_tx, sub_tx);
        cur_partition++;
      }
    }
#else
    if (tx_size == TX_8X8) {
      mbmi->inter_tx_size[txb_size_index] = TX_4X4;
      mbmi->tx_size = TX_4X4;
      txfm_partition_update(xd->above_txfm_context + blk_col,
                            xd->left_txfm_context + blk_row, TX_4X4, tx_size);
      return;
    }
    const TX_SIZE sub_txs = sub_tx_size_map[tx_size];
    const int bsw = tx_size_wide_unit[sub_txs];
    const int bsh = tx_size_high_unit[sub_txs];
    for (int row = 0; row < tx_size_high_unit[tx_size]; row += bsh) {
      for (int col = 0; col < tx_size_wide_unit[tx_size]; col += bsw) {
        const int offsetr = blk_row + row;
        const int offsetc = blk_col + col;
        if (offsetr >= max_blocks_high || offsetc >= max_blocks_wide) continue;
        set_txfm_context(xd, sub_txs, offsetr, offsetc);
      }
    }
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
  }
}

static void tx_partition_set_contexts(const AV1_COMMON *const cm,
                                      MACROBLOCKD *xd, BLOCK_SIZE plane_bsize) {
  const int mi_width = mi_size_wide[plane_bsize];
  const int mi_height = mi_size_high[plane_bsize];
  const TX_SIZE max_tx_size = get_vartx_max_txsize(xd, plane_bsize, 0);
  const int bh = tx_size_high_unit[max_tx_size];
  const int bw = tx_size_wide_unit[max_tx_size];

  xd->above_txfm_context =
      cm->above_contexts.txfm[xd->tile.tile_row] + xd->mi_col;
  xd->left_txfm_context =
      xd->left_txfm_context_buffer + (xd->mi_row & MAX_MIB_MASK);

  for (int idy = 0; idy < mi_height; idy += bh) {
    for (int idx = 0; idx < mi_width; idx += bw) {
      set_txfm_context(xd, max_tx_size, idy, idx);
    }
  }
}

static void encode_superblock(const AV1_COMP *const cpi, TileDataEnc *tile_data,
                              ThreadData *td, TokenExtra **t, RUN_TYPE dry_run,
                              BLOCK_SIZE bsize, int plane_start, int plane_end,
                              int *rate) {
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const int num_planes = av1_num_planes(cm);
  MACROBLOCK *const x = &td->mb;
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  MB_MODE_INFO **mi_4x4 = xd->mi;
  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi = mi_4x4[0];
  const int seg_skip =
      segfeature_active(&cm->seg, mbmi->segment_id, SEG_LVL_SKIP);
  const int mis = cm->mi_params.mi_stride;
  const int mi_width = mi_size_wide[bsize];
  const int mi_height = mi_size_high[bsize];
  const int is_inter = is_inter_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type);

  // Initialize tx_mode and tx_size_search_method
  TxfmSearchParams *txfm_params = &x->txfm_search_params;
  set_tx_size_search_method(
      cm, &cpi->winner_mode_params, txfm_params,
      cpi->sf.winner_mode_sf.enable_winner_mode_for_tx_size_srch, 1);

  const int mi_row = xd->mi_row;
  const int mi_col = xd->mi_col;
  if (!is_inter) {
    if (xd->tree_type != LUMA_PART) {
      xd->cfl.store_y = store_cfl_required(cm, xd);
    }
    mbmi->skip_txfm[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART] = 1;
    for (int plane = plane_start; plane < plane_end; ++plane) {
#if CONFIG_CROSS_CHROMA_TX && CCTX_INTRA
      if (plane == AOM_PLANE_Y)
        av1_encode_intra_block_plane(cpi, x, bsize, plane, dry_run,
                                     cpi->optimize_seg_arr[mbmi->segment_id]);
      else if (plane == AOM_PLANE_U)
        av1_encode_intra_block_joint_uv(
            cpi, x, bsize, dry_run, cpi->optimize_seg_arr[mbmi->segment_id]);
#else
      av1_encode_intra_block_plane(cpi, x, bsize, plane, dry_run,
                                   cpi->optimize_seg_arr[mbmi->segment_id]);
#endif  // CONFIG_CROSS_CHROMA_TX && CCTX_INTRA
    }

    // If there is at least one lossless segment, force the skip for intra
    // block to be 0, in order to avoid the segment_id to be changed by in
    // write_segment_id().
    if (!cpi->common.seg.segid_preskip && cpi->common.seg.update_map &&
        cpi->enc_seg.has_lossless_segment)
      mbmi->skip_txfm[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART] = 0;

    xd->cfl.store_y = 0;
    if (av1_allow_palette(cm->features.allow_screen_content_tools, bsize)) {
      for (int plane = plane_start; plane < AOMMIN(2, plane_end); ++plane) {
        if (mbmi->palette_mode_info.palette_size[plane] > 0) {
          if (!dry_run) {
            av1_tokenize_color_map(x, plane, t, bsize, mbmi->tx_size,
                                   PALETTE_MAP, tile_data->allow_update_cdf,
                                   td->counts);
          } else if (dry_run == DRY_RUN_COSTCOEFFS) {
            rate +=
                av1_cost_color_map(x, plane, bsize, mbmi->tx_size, PALETTE_MAP);
          }
        }
      }
    }

    av1_update_intra_mb_txb_context(cpi, td, dry_run, bsize,
                                    tile_data->allow_update_cdf);
  } else {
    int ref;
    const int is_compound = has_second_ref(mbmi);

    set_ref_ptrs(cm, xd, mbmi->ref_frame[0], mbmi->ref_frame[1]);
    for (ref = 0; ref < 1 + is_compound; ++ref) {
      const YV12_BUFFER_CONFIG *cfg =
          get_ref_frame_yv12_buf(cm, mbmi->ref_frame[ref]);
      assert(IMPLIES(!is_intrabc_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type), cfg));
      av1_setup_pre_planes(xd, ref, cfg, mi_row, mi_col,
                           xd->block_ref_scale_factors[ref], num_planes);
    }
    int start_plane = 0;
    av1_enc_build_inter_predictor(cm, xd, mi_row, mi_col, NULL, bsize,
                                  start_plane, av1_num_planes(cm) - 1);
    if (mbmi->motion_mode == OBMC_CAUSAL) {
      assert(cpi->oxcf.motion_mode_cfg.enable_obmc);
      av1_build_obmc_inter_predictors_sb(cm, xd);
    }

#if CONFIG_MISMATCH_DEBUG
    if (dry_run == OUTPUT_ENABLED) {
      for (int plane = plane_start; plane < plane_end; ++plane) {
        const struct macroblockd_plane *pd = &xd->plane[plane];
        int pixel_c, pixel_r;
        mi_to_pixel_loc(&pixel_c, &pixel_r, mi_col, mi_row, 0, 0,
                        pd->subsampling_x, pd->subsampling_y);
        if (!is_chroma_reference(mi_row, mi_col, bsize, pd->subsampling_x,
                                 pd->subsampling_y))
          continue;
        mismatch_record_block_pre(pd->dst.buf, pd->dst.stride,
                                  cm->current_frame.order_hint, plane, pixel_c,
                                  pixel_r, pd->width, pd->height);
      }
    }
#else
    (void)num_planes;
#endif

    av1_encode_sb(cpi, x, bsize, dry_run, plane_start, plane_end);
    av1_tokenize_sb_vartx(cpi, td, dry_run, bsize, rate,
                          tile_data->allow_update_cdf, plane_start, plane_end);
  }

  if (!dry_run) {
    if (av1_allow_intrabc(cm) && is_intrabc_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type))
      td->intrabc_used = 1;
    if (txfm_params->tx_mode_search_type == TX_MODE_SELECT &&
        !xd->lossless[mbmi->segment_id] &&
        mbmi->sb_type[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART] > BLOCK_4X4 &&
        !(is_inter &&
          (mbmi->skip_txfm[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART] || seg_skip))) {
      if (is_inter) {
        tx_partition_count_update(cm, x, bsize, td->counts,
                                  tile_data->allow_update_cdf);
      } else {
        if (mbmi->tx_size != max_txsize_rect_lookup[bsize] &&
            xd->tree_type != CHROMA_PART)
          ++x->txfm_search_info.txb_split_count;
        if (block_signals_txsize(bsize) && xd->tree_type != CHROMA_PART) {
#if CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
          const TX_SIZE max_tx_size = max_txsize_rect_lookup[bsize];
          update_partition_cdfs_and_counts(
              xd, 0, 0, max_tx_size, tile_data->allow_update_cdf, td->counts);
#else  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
          const int tx_size_ctx = get_tx_size_context(xd);
          const int32_t tx_size_cat = bsize_to_tx_size_cat(bsize);
          const int depth = tx_size_to_depth(mbmi->tx_size, bsize);
          const int max_depths = bsize_to_max_depth(bsize);
          if (tile_data->allow_update_cdf)
            update_cdf(xd->tile_ctx->tx_size_cdf[tx_size_cat][tx_size_ctx],
                       depth, max_depths + 1);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          ++td->counts->intra_tx_size[tx_size_cat][tx_size_ctx][depth];
#endif
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_TX_PARTITION
        }
      }
      if (xd->tree_type != CHROMA_PART)
        assert(
            IMPLIES(is_rect_tx(mbmi->tx_size), is_rect_tx_allowed(xd, mbmi)));
    } else {
      int i, j;
      TX_SIZE intra_tx_size;
      // The new intra coding scheme requires no change of transform size
      if (is_inter) {
        if (xd->lossless[mbmi->segment_id]) {
          intra_tx_size = TX_4X4;
        } else {
          intra_tx_size =
              tx_size_from_tx_mode(bsize, txfm_params->tx_mode_search_type);
        }
      } else {
        intra_tx_size = mbmi->tx_size;
      }

      for (j = 0; j < mi_height; j++)
        for (i = 0; i < mi_width; i++)
          if (mi_col + i < cm->mi_params.mi_cols &&
              mi_row + j < cm->mi_params.mi_rows)
            mi_4x4[mis * j + i]->tx_size = intra_tx_size;

      if (intra_tx_size != max_txsize_rect_lookup[bsize])
        ++x->txfm_search_info.txb_split_count;
    }
#if CONFIG_REF_MV_BANK
#if CONFIG_IBC_SR_EXT && !CONFIG_BVP_IMPROVEMENT
    if (cm->seq_params.enable_refmvbank && is_inter &&
        !is_intrabc_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type))
#else
    if (cm->seq_params.enable_refmvbank && is_inter)
#endif  // CONFIG_IBC_SR_EXT && !CONFIG_BVP_IMPROVEMENT
      av1_update_ref_mv_bank(cm, xd, mbmi);
#endif  // CONFIG_REF_MV_BANK
  }
  if (txfm_params->tx_mode_search_type == TX_MODE_SELECT &&
      block_signals_txsize(mbmi->sb_type[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART]) &&
      is_inter &&
      !(mbmi->skip_txfm[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART] || seg_skip) &&
      !xd->lossless[mbmi->segment_id]) {
    if (dry_run) tx_partition_set_contexts(cm, xd, bsize);
  } else {
    TX_SIZE tx_size = mbmi->tx_size;
    // The new intra coding scheme requires no change of transform size
    if (is_inter) {
      if (xd->lossless[mbmi->segment_id]) {
        tx_size = TX_4X4;
      } else {
        tx_size = tx_size_from_tx_mode(bsize, txfm_params->tx_mode_search_type);
      }
    } else {
      tx_size = (bsize > BLOCK_4X4) ? tx_size : TX_4X4;
    }
    mbmi->tx_size = tx_size;
    set_txfm_ctxs(tx_size, xd->width, xd->height,
                  (mbmi->skip_txfm[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART] || seg_skip) &&
                      is_inter_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type),
                  xd);
  }

  if (is_inter_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type) && !xd->is_chroma_ref &&
      is_cfl_allowed(xd)) {
    cfl_store_block(xd, mbmi->sb_type[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART],
                    mbmi->tx_size);
  }
  if (xd->tree_type == LUMA_PART) {
    const CommonModeInfoParams *const mi_params = &cm->mi_params;
    for (int y = 0; y < mi_height; y++) {
      for (int x_idx = 0; x_idx < mi_width; x_idx++) {
        if ((xd->mb_to_right_edge >> (3 + MI_SIZE_LOG2)) + mi_width > x_idx &&
            (xd->mb_to_bottom_edge >> (3 + MI_SIZE_LOG2)) + mi_height > y) {
          if (y == 0 && x_idx == 0) continue;
          const int mi_idx =
              get_alloc_mi_idx(mi_params, mi_row + y, mi_col + x_idx);
          xd->mi[x_idx + y * mis] = &mi_params->mi_alloc[mi_idx];
          xd->mi[x_idx + y * mis]->skip_txfm[PLANE_TYPE_Y] =
              xd->mi[0]->skip_txfm[PLANE_TYPE_Y];
        }
      }
    }
  }
#if CONFIG_IBC_SR_EXT
  av1_mark_block_as_coded(xd, mi_row, mi_col, bsize, cm->seq_params.sb_size);
#endif  // CONFIG_IBC_SR_EXT
}

static void setup_block_rdmult(const AV1_COMP *const cpi, MACROBLOCK *const x,
                               int mi_row, int mi_col, BLOCK_SIZE bsize,
                               AQ_MODE aq_mode, MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi) {
  x->rdmult = cpi->rd.RDMULT;
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  if (aq_mode != NO_AQ && xd->tree_type == SHARED_PART) {
    assert(mbmi != NULL);
    if (aq_mode == VARIANCE_AQ) {
      if (cpi->vaq_refresh) {
        const int energy = bsize <= BLOCK_16X16
                               ? x->mb_energy
                               : av1_log_block_var(cpi, x, bsize);
        mbmi->segment_id = energy;
      }
      x->rdmult = set_segment_rdmult(cpi, x, mbmi->segment_id);
    } else if (aq_mode == COMPLEXITY_AQ) {
      x->rdmult = set_segment_rdmult(cpi, x, mbmi->segment_id);
    } else if (aq_mode == CYCLIC_REFRESH_AQ) {
      // If segment is boosted, use rdmult for that segment.
      if (cyclic_refresh_segment_id_boosted(mbmi->segment_id))
        x->rdmult = av1_cyclic_refresh_get_rdmult(cpi->cyclic_refresh);
    }
  }

  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  if (cm->delta_q_info.delta_q_present_flag) {
    x->rdmult =
        av1_get_hier_tpl_rdmult(cpi, x, bsize, mi_row, mi_col, x->rdmult);
  }

  if (cpi->oxcf.tune_cfg.tuning == AOM_TUNE_SSIM) {
    av1_set_ssim_rdmult(cpi, &x->mv_costs, bsize, mi_row, mi_col, &x->rdmult);
  }
#if CONFIG_TUNE_VMAF
  if (cpi->oxcf.tune_cfg.tuning == AOM_TUNE_VMAF_WITHOUT_PREPROCESSING ||
      cpi->oxcf.tune_cfg.tuning == AOM_TUNE_VMAF_MAX_GAIN ||
      cpi->oxcf.tune_cfg.tuning == AOM_TUNE_VMAF_NEG_MAX_GAIN) {
    av1_set_vmaf_rdmult(cpi, x, bsize, mi_row, mi_col, &x->rdmult);
  }
#endif
}

void av1_set_offsets_without_segment_id(const AV1_COMP *const cpi,
                                        const TileInfo *const tile,
                                        MACROBLOCK *const x, int mi_row,
                                        int mi_col, BLOCK_SIZE bsize) {
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const int num_planes = av1_num_planes(cm);
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  assert(bsize < BLOCK_SIZES_ALL);
  const int mi_width = mi_size_wide[bsize];
  const int mi_height = mi_size_high[bsize];

  set_mode_info_offsets(&cpi->common.mi_params, &cpi->mbmi_ext_info, x, xd,
                        mi_row, mi_col);

  set_entropy_context(xd, mi_row, mi_col, num_planes);
  xd->above_txfm_context = cm->above_contexts.txfm[tile->tile_row] + mi_col;
  xd->left_txfm_context =
      xd->left_txfm_context_buffer + (mi_row & MAX_MIB_MASK);

  // Set up destination pointers.
  av1_setup_dst_planes(xd->plane, bsize, &cm->cur_frame->buf, mi_row, mi_col, 0,
                       num_planes);

  // Set up limit values for MV components.
  // Mv beyond the range do not produce new/different prediction block.
  av1_set_mv_limits(&cm->mi_params, &x->mv_limits, mi_row, mi_col, mi_height,
                    mi_width, cpi->oxcf.border_in_pixels);

  set_plane_n4(xd, mi_width, mi_height, num_planes);

  // Set up distance of MB to edge of frame in 1/8th pel units.
  assert(!(mi_col & (mi_width - 1)) && !(mi_row & (mi_height - 1)));
  set_mi_row_col(xd, tile, mi_row, mi_height, mi_col, mi_width,
                 cm->mi_params.mi_rows, cm->mi_params.mi_cols);

  // Set up source buffers.
  av1_setup_src_planes(x, cpi->source, mi_row, mi_col, num_planes, bsize);

  // required by av1_append_sub8x8_mvs_for_idx() and av1_find_best_ref_mvs()
  xd->tile = *tile;
}

void av1_set_offsets(const AV1_COMP *const cpi, const TileInfo *const tile,
                     MACROBLOCK *const x, int mi_row, int mi_col,
                     BLOCK_SIZE bsize) {
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const struct segmentation *const seg = &cm->seg;
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi;

  av1_set_offsets_without_segment_id(cpi, tile, x, mi_row, mi_col, bsize);

  // Setup segment ID.
  mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  mbmi->segment_id = 0;
  if (seg->enabled) {
    if (seg->enabled && !cpi->vaq_refresh) {
      const uint8_t *const map =
          seg->update_map ? cpi->enc_seg.map : cm->last_frame_seg_map;
      mbmi->segment_id =
          map ? get_segment_id(&cm->mi_params, map, bsize, mi_row, mi_col) : 0;
    }
    av1_init_plane_quantizers(cpi, x, mbmi->segment_id);
  }
}

/*!\brief Interface for AV1 mode search for an individual coding block
 *
 * \ingroup partition_search
 * \callgraph
 * \callergraph
 * Searches prediction modes, transform, and coefficient coding modes for an
 * individual coding block. This function is the top-level interface that
 * directs the encoder to the proper mode search function, among these
 * implemented for inter/intra + rd/non-rd + non-skip segment/skip segment.
 *
 * \param[in]    cpi            Top-level encoder structure
 * \param[in]    tile_data      Pointer to struct holding adaptive
 *                              data/contexts/models for the tile during
 *                              encoding
 * \param[in]    x              Pointer to structure holding all the data for
 *                              the current macroblock
 * \param[in]    mi_row         Row coordinate of the block in a step size of
 *                              MI_SIZE
 * \param[in]    mi_col         Column coordinate of the block in a step size of
 *                              MI_SIZE
 * \param[in]    rd_cost        Pointer to structure holding rate and distortion
 *                              stats for the current block
 * \param[in]    partition      Partition mode of the parent block
 * \param[in]    bsize          Current block size
 * \param[in]    ctx            Pointer to structure holding coding contexts and
 *                              chosen modes for the current block
 * \param[in]    best_rd        Upper bound of rd cost of a valid partition
 *
 * Nothing is returned. Instead, the chosen modes and contexts necessary
 * for reconstruction are stored in ctx, the rate-distortion stats are stored in
 * rd_cost. If no valid mode leading to rd_cost <= best_rd, the status will be
 * signalled by an INT64_MAX rd_cost->rdcost.
 */
static void pick_sb_modes(AV1_COMP *const cpi, TileDataEnc *tile_data,
                          MACROBLOCK *const x, int mi_row, int mi_col,
                          RD_STATS *rd_cost, PARTITION_TYPE partition,
                          BLOCK_SIZE bsize, PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *ctx,
                          RD_STATS best_rd) {
  if (best_rd.rdcost < 0) {
    ctx->rd_stats.rdcost = INT64_MAX;
    ctx->rd_stats.skip_txfm = 0;
    av1_invalid_rd_stats(rd_cost);
    return;
  }

  AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const int num_planes = av1_num_planes(cm);
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  int plane_type = (xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART);

  av1_set_offsets(cpi, &tile_data->tile_info, x, mi_row, mi_col, bsize);

  if (ctx->rd_mode_is_ready) {
    assert(ctx->mic.sb_type[plane_type] == bsize);
    assert(ctx->mic.partition == partition);
    rd_cost->rate = ctx->rd_stats.rate;
    rd_cost->dist = ctx->rd_stats.dist;
    rd_cost->rdcost = ctx->rd_stats.rdcost;
    return;
  }

  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi;
  struct macroblock_plane *const p = x->plane;
  struct macroblockd_plane *const pd = xd->plane;
  const AQ_MODE aq_mode = cpi->oxcf.q_cfg.aq_mode;
  TxfmSearchInfo *txfm_info = &x->txfm_search_info;

  int i;

#if CONFIG_COLLECT_COMPONENT_TIMING
  start_timing(cpi, rd_pick_sb_modes_time);
#endif

  aom_clear_system_state();

  mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  mbmi->sb_type[plane_type] = bsize;
  if (xd->tree_type == SHARED_PART) mbmi->sb_type[PLANE_TYPE_UV] = bsize;
  mbmi->partition = partition;

#if CONFIG_RD_DEBUG
  mbmi->mi_row = mi_row;
  mbmi->mi_col = mi_col;
#endif

  // Sets up the tx_type_map buffer in MACROBLOCKD.
  xd->tx_type_map = txfm_info->tx_type_map_;
#if CONFIG_CROSS_CHROMA_TX
  xd->cctx_type_map = txfm_info->cctx_type_map_;
#endif  // CONFIG_CROSS_CHROMA_TX
  xd->tx_type_map_stride = mi_size_wide[bsize];

  for (i = 0; i < num_planes; ++i) {
    p[i].coeff = ctx->coeff[i];
    p[i].qcoeff = ctx->qcoeff[i];
    p[i].dqcoeff = ctx->dqcoeff[i];
    p[i].eobs = ctx->eobs[i];
    p[i].txb_entropy_ctx = ctx->txb_entropy_ctx[i];
  }

  for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) pd[i].color_index_map = ctx->color_index_map[i];

  ctx->skippable = 0;
  // Set to zero to make sure we do not use the previous encoded frame stats
  mbmi->skip_txfm[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART] = 0;
  // Reset skip mode flag.
  mbmi->skip_mode = 0;

  x->source_variance =
      av1_high_get_sby_perpixel_variance(cpi, &x->plane[0].src, bsize, xd->bd);

  // Initialize default mode evaluation params
  set_mode_eval_params(cpi, x, DEFAULT_EVAL);

  // Save rdmult before it might be changed, so it can be restored later.
  const int orig_rdmult = x->rdmult;
  setup_block_rdmult(cpi, x, mi_row, mi_col, bsize, aq_mode, mbmi);
  // Set error per bit for current rdmult
  av1_set_error_per_bit(&x->mv_costs, x->rdmult);
  av1_rd_cost_update(x->rdmult, &best_rd);

  // Find best coding mode & reconstruct the MB so it is available
  // as a predictor for MBs that follow in the SB
  if (frame_is_intra_only(cm)) {
#if CONFIG_COLLECT_COMPONENT_TIMING
    start_timing(cpi, av1_rd_pick_intra_mode_sb_time);
#endif
    av1_rd_pick_intra_mode_sb(cpi, x, rd_cost, bsize, ctx, best_rd.rdcost);

#if CONFIG_COLLECT_COMPONENT_TIMING
    end_timing(cpi, av1_rd_pick_intra_mode_sb_time);
#endif
  } else {
#if CONFIG_COLLECT_COMPONENT_TIMING
    start_timing(cpi, av1_rd_pick_inter_mode_sb_time);
#endif
    if (segfeature_active(&cm->seg, mbmi->segment_id, SEG_LVL_SKIP)) {
      av1_rd_pick_inter_mode_sb_seg_skip(cpi, tile_data, x, mi_row, mi_col,
                                         rd_cost, bsize, ctx, best_rd.rdcost);
    } else {
      av1_rd_pick_inter_mode_sb(cpi, tile_data, x, rd_cost, bsize, ctx,
                                best_rd.rdcost);
    }
#if CONFIG_COLLECT_COMPONENT_TIMING
    end_timing(cpi, av1_rd_pick_inter_mode_sb_time);
#endif
  }

  // Examine the resulting rate and for AQ mode 2 make a segment choice.
  if (rd_cost->rate != INT_MAX && aq_mode == COMPLEXITY_AQ &&
      bsize >= BLOCK_16X16) {
    av1_caq_select_segment(cpi, x, bsize, mi_row, mi_col, rd_cost->rate);
  }

  x->rdmult = orig_rdmult;

  // TODO(jingning) The rate-distortion optimization flow needs to be
  // refactored to provide proper exit/return handle.
  if (rd_cost->rate == INT_MAX) rd_cost->rdcost = INT64_MAX;

  ctx->rd_stats.rate = rd_cost->rate;
  ctx->rd_stats.dist = rd_cost->dist;
  ctx->rd_stats.rdcost = rd_cost->rdcost;

#if CONFIG_COLLECT_COMPONENT_TIMING
  end_timing(cpi, rd_pick_sb_modes_time);
#endif
}

static void update_drl_index_stats(int max_drl_bits, const int16_t mode_ctx,
                                   FRAME_CONTEXT *fc, FRAME_COUNTS *counts,
                                   const MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi,
                                   const MB_MODE_INFO_EXT *mbmi_ext) {
#if !CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
  (void)counts;
#endif  // !CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
  assert(have_drl_index(mbmi->mode));
#if IMPROVED_AMVD
  if (mbmi->mode == AMVDNEWMV) max_drl_bits = AOMMIN(max_drl_bits, 1);
#endif  // IMPROVED_AMVD
  uint8_t ref_frame_type = av1_ref_frame_type(mbmi->ref_frame);
  assert(mbmi->ref_mv_idx < max_drl_bits + 1);
  for (int idx = 0; idx < max_drl_bits; ++idx) {
    aom_cdf_prob *drl_cdf =
        av1_get_drl_cdf(fc, mbmi_ext->weight[ref_frame_type], mode_ctx, idx);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    int drl_ctx = av1_drl_ctx(mode_ctx);
    switch (idx) {
      case 0: counts->drl_mode[0][drl_ctx][mbmi->ref_mv_idx != idx]++; break;
      case 1: counts->drl_mode[1][drl_ctx][mbmi->ref_mv_idx != idx]++; break;
      default: counts->drl_mode[2][drl_ctx][mbmi->ref_mv_idx != idx]++; break;
    }
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    update_cdf(drl_cdf, mbmi->ref_mv_idx != idx, 2);
    if (mbmi->ref_mv_idx == idx) break;
  }
}

#if CONFIG_BVP_IMPROVEMENT
static void update_intrabc_drl_idx_stats(int max_ref_bv_num, FRAME_CONTEXT *fc,
                                         FRAME_COUNTS *counts,
                                         const MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi) {
#if !CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
  (void)counts;
#endif  // !CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
  assert(mbmi->intrabc_drl_idx < max_ref_bv_num);
  int bit_cnt = 0;
  for (int idx = 0; idx < max_ref_bv_num - 1; ++idx) {
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    counts->intrabc_drl_idx[bit_cnt][mbmi->intrabc_drl_idx != idx]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    update_cdf(fc->intrabc_drl_idx_cdf[bit_cnt], mbmi->intrabc_drl_idx != idx,
               2);
    if (mbmi->intrabc_drl_idx == idx) break;
    ++bit_cnt;
  }
}
#endif  // CONFIG_BVP_IMPROVEMENT

static void update_stats(const AV1_COMMON *const cm, ThreadData *td) {
  MACROBLOCK *x = &td->mb;
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  const MB_MODE_INFO *const mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  const MB_MODE_INFO_EXT *const mbmi_ext = x->mbmi_ext;
  const CurrentFrame *const current_frame = &cm->current_frame;
  const BLOCK_SIZE bsize = mbmi->sb_type[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART];
  FRAME_CONTEXT *fc = xd->tile_ctx;
#if CONFIG_NEW_REF_SIGNALING
  const int seg_ref_active = 0;
#else
  const int seg_ref_active =
      segfeature_active(&cm->seg, mbmi->segment_id, SEG_LVL_REF_FRAME);
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_REF_SIGNALING

  if (current_frame->skip_mode_info.skip_mode_flag && !seg_ref_active &&
      is_comp_ref_allowed(bsize)) {
    const int skip_mode_ctx = av1_get_skip_mode_context(xd);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    td->counts->skip_mode[skip_mode_ctx][mbmi->skip_mode]++;
#endif
    update_cdf(fc->skip_mode_cdfs[skip_mode_ctx], mbmi->skip_mode, 2);
  }
#if CONFIG_SKIP_MODE_ENHANCEMENT
  if (!seg_ref_active) {
#else
  if (!mbmi->skip_mode && !seg_ref_active) {
#endif  // CONFIG_SKIP_MODE_ENHANCEMENT
    const int skip_ctx = av1_get_skip_txfm_context(xd);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    td->counts
        ->skip_txfm[skip_ctx][mbmi->skip_txfm[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART]]++;
#endif
    update_cdf(fc->skip_txfm_cdfs[skip_ctx],
               mbmi->skip_txfm[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART], 2);
  }

#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
  // delta quant applies to both intra and inter
  const int super_block_upper_left =
      ((xd->mi_row & (cm->seq_params.mib_size - 1)) == 0) &&
      ((xd->mi_col & (cm->seq_params.mib_size - 1)) == 0);
  const DeltaQInfo *const delta_q_info = &cm->delta_q_info;
  if (delta_q_info->delta_q_present_flag &&
      (bsize != cm->seq_params.sb_size || !mbmi->skip_txfm) &&
      super_block_upper_left) {
    const int dq = (mbmi->current_qindex - xd->current_base_qindex) /
                   delta_q_info->delta_q_res;
    const int absdq = abs(dq);
    for (int i = 0; i < AOMMIN(absdq, DELTA_Q_SMALL); ++i) {
      td->counts->delta_q[i][1]++;
    }
    if (absdq < DELTA_Q_SMALL) td->counts->delta_q[absdq][0]++;
    if (delta_q_info->delta_lf_present_flag) {
      if (delta_q_info->delta_lf_multi) {
        const int frame_lf_count =
            av1_num_planes(cm) > 1 ? FRAME_LF_COUNT : FRAME_LF_COUNT - 2;
        for (int lf_id = 0; lf_id < frame_lf_count; ++lf_id) {
          const int delta_lf = (mbmi->delta_lf[lf_id] - xd->delta_lf[lf_id]) /
                               delta_q_info->delta_lf_res;
          const int abs_delta_lf = abs(delta_lf);
          for (int i = 0; i < AOMMIN(abs_delta_lf, DELTA_LF_SMALL); ++i) {
            td->counts->delta_lf_multi[lf_id][i][1]++;
          }
          if (abs_delta_lf < DELTA_LF_SMALL)
            td->counts->delta_lf_multi[lf_id][abs_delta_lf][0]++;
        }
      } else {
        const int delta_lf =
            (mbmi->delta_lf_from_base - xd->delta_lf_from_base) /
            delta_q_info->delta_lf_res;
        const int abs_delta_lf = abs(delta_lf);
        for (int i = 0; i < AOMMIN(abs_delta_lf, DELTA_LF_SMALL); ++i) {
          td->counts->delta_lf[i][1]++;
        }
        if (abs_delta_lf < DELTA_LF_SMALL)
          td->counts->delta_lf[abs_delta_lf][0]++;
      }
    }
  }
#endif
  if (!is_inter_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type)) {
    av1_sum_intra_stats(cm, td->counts, xd, mbmi
#if !CONFIG_AIMC
                        ,
                        xd->above_mbmi, xd->left_mbmi, frame_is_intra_only(cm)
#endif  // !CONFIG_AIMC
    );
  }
  if (av1_allow_intrabc(cm) && xd->tree_type != CHROMA_PART) {
    update_cdf(fc->intrabc_cdf, is_intrabc_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type), 2);
#if CONFIG_BVCOST_UPDATE
    if (is_intrabc_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type)) {
      const int_mv ref_mv = mbmi_ext->ref_mv_stack[INTRA_FRAME][0].this_mv;
      av1_update_mv_stats(&mbmi->mv[0].as_mv, &ref_mv.as_mv, &fc->ndvc,
#if CONFIG_ADAPTIVE_MVD
                          0,
#endif  // CONFIG_ADAPTIVE_MVD
                          MV_SUBPEL_NONE);
    }
#endif  // CONFIG_BVCOST_UPDATE
#if CONFIG_BVP_IMPROVEMENT
    if (is_intrabc_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type)) {
      update_cdf(fc->intrabc_mode_cdf, mbmi->intrabc_mode, 2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
      ++td->counts->intrabc_mode[mbmi->intrabc_mode];
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
      update_intrabc_drl_idx_stats(MAX_REF_BV_STACK_SIZE, fc, td->counts, mbmi);
    }
#endif  // CONFIG_BVP_IMPROVEMENT
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    ++td->counts->intrabc[is_intrabc_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type)];
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
  }

#if CONFIG_SKIP_MODE_ENHANCEMENT
  if (mbmi->skip_mode && have_drl_index(mbmi->mode)) {
    FRAME_COUNTS *const counts = td->counts;
    const int16_t mode_ctx_pristine =
        av1_mode_context_pristine(mbmi_ext->mode_context, mbmi->ref_frame);
    update_drl_index_stats(cm->features.max_drl_bits, mode_ctx_pristine, fc,
                           counts, mbmi, mbmi_ext);
  }
#endif  // CONFIG_SKIP_MODE_ENHANCEMENT

  if (frame_is_intra_only(cm) || mbmi->skip_mode) return;

  FRAME_COUNTS *const counts = td->counts;
  const int inter_block = is_inter_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type);

  if (!seg_ref_active) {
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS && !CONFIG_CONTEXT_DERIVATION
    counts->intra_inter[av1_get_intra_inter_context(xd)][inter_block]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS && !CONFIG_CONTEXT_DERIVATION
#if CONFIG_CONTEXT_DERIVATION
    const int skip_txfm = mbmi->skip_txfm[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART];
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    counts->intra_inter[skip_txfm][av1_get_intra_inter_context(xd)]
                       [inter_block]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
    update_cdf(fc->intra_inter_cdf[skip_txfm][av1_get_intra_inter_context(xd)],
               inter_block, 2);
#else
    update_cdf(fc->intra_inter_cdf[av1_get_intra_inter_context(xd)],
               inter_block, 2);
#endif  // CONFIG_CONTEXT_DERIVATION
    // If the segment reference feature is enabled we have only a single
    // reference frame allowed for the segment so exclude it from
    // the reference frame counts used to work out probabilities.
    if (inter_block) {
      const MV_REFERENCE_FRAME ref0 = mbmi->ref_frame[0];
      const MV_REFERENCE_FRAME ref1 = mbmi->ref_frame[1];

#if CONFIG_TIP
      if (cm->features.tip_frame_mode && is_tip_allowed_bsize(bsize)) {
        const int tip_ctx = get_tip_ctx(xd);
        update_cdf(fc->tip_cdf[tip_ctx], is_tip_ref_frame(ref0), 2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
        ++counts->tip_ref[tip_ctx][is_tip_ref_frame(ref0)];
#endif
      }
#endif  // CONFIG_TIP

      if (current_frame->reference_mode == REFERENCE_MODE_SELECT
#if CONFIG_TIP
          && !is_tip_ref_frame(ref0)
#endif  // CONFIG_TIP
      ) {
        if (is_comp_ref_allowed(bsize)) {
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          counts->comp_inter[av1_get_reference_mode_context(cm, xd)]
                            [has_second_ref(mbmi)]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          update_cdf(av1_get_reference_mode_cdf(cm, xd), has_second_ref(mbmi),
                     2);
        }
      }

      if (has_second_ref(mbmi)) {
#if CONFIG_NEW_REF_SIGNALING
        const int n_refs = cm->ref_frames_info.num_total_refs;
        int n_bits = 0;
        assert(ref0 < ref1);
        for (int i = 0; i < n_refs + n_bits - 2 && n_bits < 2; i++) {
          const int bit = ref0 == i || ref1 == i;
          const int bit_type = n_bits == 0 ? -1
                                           : av1_get_compound_ref_bit_type(
                                                 &cm->ref_frames_info, ref0, i);
          if (n_bits > 0 || i < RANKED_REF0_TO_PRUNE - 1)
            update_cdf(
                av1_get_pred_cdf_compound_ref(xd, i, n_bits, bit_type, n_refs),
                bit, 2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          if (n_bits == 0) {
            if (i < RANKED_REF0_TO_PRUNE - 1)
              counts->comp_ref0[av1_get_ref_pred_context(xd, i, n_refs)][i]
                               [bit]++;
          } else {
            counts->comp_ref1[av1_get_ref_pred_context(xd, i, n_refs)][bit_type]
                             [i - 1][bit]++;
          }
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          n_bits += bit;
        }
#else
        const COMP_REFERENCE_TYPE comp_ref_type = has_uni_comp_refs(mbmi)
                                                      ? UNIDIR_COMP_REFERENCE
                                                      : BIDIR_COMP_REFERENCE;
        update_cdf(av1_get_comp_reference_type_cdf(xd), comp_ref_type,
                   COMP_REFERENCE_TYPES);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
        counts->comp_ref_type[av1_get_comp_reference_type_context(xd)]
                             [comp_ref_type]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS

        if (comp_ref_type == UNIDIR_COMP_REFERENCE) {
          const int bit = (ref0 == BWDREF_FRAME);
          update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_uni_comp_ref_p(xd), bit, 2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          counts
              ->uni_comp_ref[av1_get_pred_context_uni_comp_ref_p(xd)][0][bit]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          if (!bit) {
            const int bit1 = (ref1 == LAST3_FRAME || ref1 == GOLDEN_FRAME);
            update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_uni_comp_ref_p1(xd), bit1, 2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
            counts->uni_comp_ref[av1_get_pred_context_uni_comp_ref_p1(xd)][1]
                                [bit1]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
            if (bit1) {
              update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_uni_comp_ref_p2(xd),
                         ref1 == GOLDEN_FRAME, 2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
              counts->uni_comp_ref[av1_get_pred_context_uni_comp_ref_p2(xd)][2]
                                  [ref1 == GOLDEN_FRAME]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
            }
          }
        } else {
          const int bit = (ref0 == GOLDEN_FRAME || ref0 == LAST3_FRAME);
          update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_comp_ref_p(xd), bit, 2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          counts->comp_ref[av1_get_pred_context_comp_ref_p(xd)][0][bit]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          if (!bit) {
            update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_comp_ref_p1(xd), ref0 == LAST2_FRAME,
                       2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
            counts->comp_ref[av1_get_pred_context_comp_ref_p1(xd)][1]
                            [ref0 == LAST2_FRAME]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          } else {
            update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_comp_ref_p2(xd), ref0 == GOLDEN_FRAME,
                       2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
            counts->comp_ref[av1_get_pred_context_comp_ref_p2(xd)][2]
                            [ref0 == GOLDEN_FRAME]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          }
          update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_comp_bwdref_p(xd), ref1 == ALTREF_FRAME,
                     2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          counts->comp_bwdref[av1_get_pred_context_comp_bwdref_p(xd)][0]
                             [ref1 == ALTREF_FRAME]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          if (ref1 != ALTREF_FRAME) {
            update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_comp_bwdref_p1(xd),
                       ref1 == ALTREF2_FRAME, 2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
            counts->comp_bwdref[av1_get_pred_context_comp_bwdref_p1(xd)][1]
                               [ref1 == ALTREF2_FRAME]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          }
        }
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_REF_SIGNALING
#if CONFIG_TIP
      } else if (!is_tip_ref_frame(ref0)) {
#else
      } else {
#endif  // CONFIG_TIP
#if CONFIG_NEW_REF_SIGNALING
        const int n_refs = cm->ref_frames_info.num_total_refs;
        const MV_REFERENCE_FRAME ref0_nrs = mbmi->ref_frame[0];
        for (int i = 0; i < n_refs - 1; i++) {
          const int bit = ref0_nrs == i;
          update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_single_ref(xd, i, n_refs), bit, 2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          counts->single_ref[av1_get_ref_pred_context(xd, i, n_refs)][i][bit]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          if (bit) break;
        }
#else
        const int bit = (ref0 >= BWDREF_FRAME);
        update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_single_ref_p1(xd), bit, 2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
        counts->single_ref[av1_get_pred_context_single_ref_p1(xd)][0][bit]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
        if (bit) {
          assert(ref0 <= ALTREF_FRAME);
          update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_single_ref_p2(xd), ref0 == ALTREF_FRAME,
                     2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          counts->single_ref[av1_get_pred_context_single_ref_p2(xd)][1]
                            [ref0 == ALTREF_FRAME]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          if (ref0 != ALTREF_FRAME) {
            update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_single_ref_p6(xd),
                       ref0 == ALTREF2_FRAME, 2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
            counts->single_ref[av1_get_pred_context_single_ref_p6(xd)][5]
                              [ref0 == ALTREF2_FRAME]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          }
        } else {
          const int bit1 = !(ref0 == LAST2_FRAME || ref0 == LAST_FRAME);
          update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_single_ref_p3(xd), bit1, 2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          counts->single_ref[av1_get_pred_context_single_ref_p3(xd)][2][bit1]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          if (!bit1) {
            update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_single_ref_p4(xd), ref0 != LAST_FRAME,
                       2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
            counts->single_ref[av1_get_pred_context_single_ref_p4(xd)][3]
                              [ref0 != LAST_FRAME]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          } else {
            update_cdf(av1_get_pred_cdf_single_ref_p5(xd), ref0 != LAST3_FRAME,
                       2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
            counts->single_ref[av1_get_pred_context_single_ref_p5(xd)][4]
                              [ref0 != LAST3_FRAME]++;
#endif  // CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          }
        }
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_REF_SIGNALING
      }

      if (cm->seq_params.enable_interintra_compound &&
          is_interintra_allowed(mbmi)) {
        const int bsize_group = size_group_lookup[bsize];
        if (mbmi->ref_frame[1] == INTRA_FRAME) {
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          counts->interintra[bsize_group][1]++;
#endif
          update_cdf(fc->interintra_cdf[bsize_group], 1, 2);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          counts->interintra_mode[bsize_group][mbmi->interintra_mode]++;
#endif
          update_cdf(fc->interintra_mode_cdf[bsize_group],
                     mbmi->interintra_mode, INTERINTRA_MODES);
          if (av1_is_wedge_used(bsize)) {
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
            counts->wedge_interintra[bsize][mbmi->use_wedge_interintra]++;
#endif
            update_cdf(fc->wedge_interintra_cdf[bsize],
                       mbmi->use_wedge_interintra, 2);
            if (mbmi->use_wedge_interintra) {
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
              counts->wedge_idx[bsize][mbmi->interintra_wedge_index]++;
#endif
              update_cdf(fc->wedge_idx_cdf[bsize], mbmi->interintra_wedge_index,
                         16);
            }
          }
        } else {
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          counts->interintra[bsize_group][0]++;
#endif
          update_cdf(fc->interintra_cdf[bsize_group], 0, 2);
        }
      }

      const MOTION_MODE motion_allowed =
          cm->features.switchable_motion_mode
              ? motion_mode_allowed(xd->global_motion, xd, mbmi,
                                    cm->features.allow_warped_motion)
              : SIMPLE_TRANSLATION;
      if (mbmi->ref_frame[1] != INTRA_FRAME) {
        if (motion_allowed == WARPED_CAUSAL) {
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          counts->motion_mode[bsize][mbmi->motion_mode]++;
#endif
          update_cdf(fc->motion_mode_cdf[bsize], mbmi->motion_mode,
                     MOTION_MODES);
        } else if (motion_allowed == OBMC_CAUSAL) {
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          counts->obmc[bsize][mbmi->motion_mode == OBMC_CAUSAL]++;
#endif
          update_cdf(fc->obmc_cdf[bsize], mbmi->motion_mode == OBMC_CAUSAL, 2);
        }
      }

      if (has_second_ref(mbmi)
#if CONFIG_OPTFLOW_REFINEMENT
          && mbmi->mode < NEAR_NEARMV_OPTFLOW
#endif  // CONFIG_OPTFLOW_REFINEMENT
#if IMPROVED_AMVD && CONFIG_JOINT_MVD
          && !is_joint_amvd_coding_mode(mbmi->adaptive_mvd_flag)
#endif  // IMPROVED_AMVD && CONFIG_JOINT_MVD
      ) {
        assert(current_frame->reference_mode != SINGLE_REFERENCE &&
               is_inter_compound_mode(mbmi->mode) &&
               mbmi->motion_mode == SIMPLE_TRANSLATION);

        const int masked_compound_used = is_any_masked_compound_used(bsize) &&
                                         cm->seq_params.enable_masked_compound;
        if (masked_compound_used) {
          const int comp_group_idx_ctx = get_comp_group_idx_context(cm, xd);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          ++counts->comp_group_idx[comp_group_idx_ctx][mbmi->comp_group_idx];
#endif
          update_cdf(fc->comp_group_idx_cdf[comp_group_idx_ctx],
                     mbmi->comp_group_idx, 2);
        }

        if (mbmi->comp_group_idx == 1) {
          assert(masked_compound_used);
          if (is_interinter_compound_used(COMPOUND_WEDGE, bsize)) {
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
            ++counts->compound_type[bsize][mbmi->interinter_comp.type -
                                           COMPOUND_WEDGE];
#endif
            update_cdf(fc->compound_type_cdf[bsize],
                       mbmi->interinter_comp.type - COMPOUND_WEDGE,
                       MASKED_COMPOUND_TYPES);
          }
        }
      }
      if (mbmi->interinter_comp.type == COMPOUND_WEDGE) {
        if (is_interinter_compound_used(COMPOUND_WEDGE, bsize)) {
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
          counts->wedge_idx[bsize][mbmi->interinter_comp.wedge_index]++;
#endif
          update_cdf(fc->wedge_idx_cdf[bsize],
                     mbmi->interinter_comp.wedge_index, 16);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  if (inter_block && cm->features.interp_filter == SWITCHABLE &&
      mbmi->motion_mode != WARPED_CAUSAL &&
      !is_nontrans_global_motion(xd, mbmi)) {
    update_filter_type_cdf(xd, mbmi);
  }
  if (inter_block &&
      !segfeature_active(&cm->seg, mbmi->segment_id, SEG_LVL_SKIP)) {
    const PREDICTION_MODE mode = mbmi->mode;
    const int16_t mode_ctx =
        av1_mode_context_analyzer(mbmi_ext->mode_context, mbmi->ref_frame);
    if (has_second_ref(mbmi)) {
#if CONFIG_OPTFLOW_REFINEMENT
      if (cm->features.opfl_refine_type == REFINE_SWITCHABLE &&
          is_opfl_refine_allowed(cm, mbmi)) {
        const int use_optical_flow = mode >= NEAR_NEARMV_OPTFLOW;
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
        ++counts->use_optflow[mode_ctx][use_optical_flow];
#endif
        update_cdf(fc->use_optflow_cdf[mode_ctx], use_optical_flow, 2);
      }
      const int comp_mode_idx = opfl_get_comp_idx(mode);
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
      ++counts->inter_compound_mode[mode_ctx][comp_mode_idx];
#endif
      update_cdf(fc->inter_compound_mode_cdf[mode_ctx], comp_mode_idx,
                 INTER_COMPOUND_REF_TYPES);
#else
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
      ++counts->inter_compound_mode[mode_ctx][INTER_COMPOUND_OFFSET(mode)];
#endif
      update_cdf(fc->inter_compound_mode_cdf[mode_ctx],
                 INTER_COMPOUND_OFFSET(mode), INTER_COMPOUND_MODES);
#endif  // CONFIG_OPTFLOW_REFINEMENT
#if IMPROVED_AMVD && CONFIG_JOINT_MVD
      if (is_joint_mvd_coding_mode(mbmi->mode) &&
          cm->seq_params.enable_adaptive_mvd)
        update_cdf(fc->adaptive_mvd_cdf, mbmi->adaptive_mvd_flag, 2);
#endif  // IMPROVED_AMVD && CONFIG_JOINT_MVD
    } else {
      av1_update_inter_mode_stats(fc, counts, mode, mode_ctx);
    }

    const int new_mv = have_newmv_in_each_reference(mbmi->mode);
#if CONFIG_JOINT_MVD
    const int jmvd_base_ref_list = get_joint_mvd_base_ref_list(cm, mbmi);
#endif  // CONFIG_JOINT_MVD
#if CONFIG_ADAPTIVE_MVD
    const int is_adaptive_mvd = enable_adaptive_mvd_resolution(cm, mbmi);
#endif  // CONFIG_ADAPTIVE_MVD
    if (have_drl_index(mbmi->mode)) {
      const int16_t mode_ctx_pristine =
          av1_mode_context_pristine(mbmi_ext->mode_context, mbmi->ref_frame);
      update_drl_index_stats(cm->features.max_drl_bits, mode_ctx_pristine, fc,
                             counts, mbmi, mbmi_ext);
    }
    if (have_newmv_in_inter_mode(mbmi->mode) && xd->tree_type != CHROMA_PART) {
      const int allow_hp = cm->features.cur_frame_force_integer_mv
                               ? MV_SUBPEL_NONE
                               : cm->features.allow_high_precision_mv;
      if (new_mv) {
        for (int ref = 0; ref < 1 + has_second_ref(mbmi); ++ref) {
          const int_mv ref_mv = av1_get_ref_mv(x, ref);
          av1_update_mv_stats(&mbmi->mv[ref].as_mv, &ref_mv.as_mv, &fc->nmvc,
#if CONFIG_ADAPTIVE_MVD
                              is_adaptive_mvd,
#endif  // CONFIG_ADAPTIVE_MVD
                              allow_hp);
        }
      } else if (have_nearmv_newmv_in_inter_mode(mbmi->mode)) {
        const int ref =
#if CONFIG_OPTFLOW_REFINEMENT
            mbmi->mode == NEAR_NEWMV_OPTFLOW ||
#endif  // CONFIG_OPTFLOW_REFINEMENT
#if CONFIG_JOINT_MVD
            jmvd_base_ref_list ||
#endif  // CONFIG_JOINT_MVD
            mbmi->mode == NEAR_NEWMV;
        const int_mv ref_mv = av1_get_ref_mv(x, ref);
        av1_update_mv_stats(&mbmi->mv[ref].as_mv, &ref_mv.as_mv, &fc->nmvc,
#if CONFIG_ADAPTIVE_MVD
                            is_adaptive_mvd,
#endif  // CONFIG_ADAPTIVE_MVD
                            allow_hp);
      }
    }
  }
}

/*!\brief Reconstructs an individual coding block
 *
 * \ingroup partition_search
 * Reconstructs an individual coding block by applying the chosen modes stored
 * in ctx, also updates mode counts and entropy models.
 *
 * This function works on planes determined by get_partition_plane_start() and
 * get_partition_plane_end() based on xd->tree_type.
 *
 * \param[in]    cpi       Top-level encoder structure
 * \param[in]    tile_data Pointer to struct holding adaptive
 *                         data/contexts/models for the tile during encoding
 * \param[in]    td        Pointer to thread data
 * \param[in]    tp        Pointer to the starting token
 * \param[in]    mi_row    Row coordinate of the block in a step size of MI_SIZE
 * \param[in]    mi_col    Column coordinate of the block in a step size of
 *                         MI_SIZE
 * \param[in]    dry_run   A code indicating whether it is part of the final
 *                         pass for reconstructing the superblock
 * \param[in]    bsize     Current block size
 * \param[in]    partition Partition mode of the parent block
 * \param[in]    ctx       Pointer to structure holding coding contexts and the
 *                         chosen modes for the current block
 * \param[in]    rate      Pointer to the total rate for the current block
 *
 * Nothing is returned. Instead, reconstructions (w/o in-loop filters)
 * will be updated in the pixel buffers in td->mb.e_mbd. Also, the chosen modes
 * will be stored in the MB_MODE_INFO buffer td->mb.e_mbd.mi[0].
 */
static void encode_b(const AV1_COMP *const cpi, TileDataEnc *tile_data,
                     ThreadData *td, TokenExtra **tp, int mi_row, int mi_col,
                     RUN_TYPE dry_run, BLOCK_SIZE bsize,
                     PARTITION_TYPE partition, PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *const ctx,
                     int *rate) {
  TileInfo *const tile = &tile_data->tile_info;
  MACROBLOCK *const x = &td->mb;
  MACROBLOCKD *xd = &x->e_mbd;
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;

  av1_set_offsets_without_segment_id(cpi, tile, x, mi_row, mi_col, bsize);
  const int origin_mult = x->rdmult;
  setup_block_rdmult(cpi, x, mi_row, mi_col, bsize, NO_AQ, NULL);
  MB_MODE_INFO *mbmi = xd->mi[0];
  mbmi->partition = partition;
  av1_update_state(cpi, td, ctx, mi_row, mi_col, bsize, dry_run);

  int plane_type = (xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART);
  const int plane_start = get_partition_plane_start(xd->tree_type);
  const int plane_end =
      get_partition_plane_end(xd->tree_type, av1_num_planes(cm));

  if (!dry_run) {
    x->mbmi_ext_frame->cb_offset[plane_type] = x->cb_offset[plane_type];
    assert(x->cb_offset[plane_type] <
           (1 << num_pels_log2_lookup[cpi->common.seq_params.sb_size]));
  }

  encode_superblock(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, dry_run, bsize, plane_start,
                    plane_end, rate);

  if (!dry_run) {
    x->cb_offset[plane_type] += block_size_wide[bsize] * block_size_high[bsize];
    if (bsize == cpi->common.seq_params.sb_size &&
        mbmi->skip_txfm[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART] == 1 &&
        cm->delta_q_info.delta_lf_present_flag) {
      const int frame_lf_count =
          av1_num_planes(cm) > 1 ? FRAME_LF_COUNT : FRAME_LF_COUNT - 2;
      for (int lf_id = 0; lf_id < frame_lf_count; ++lf_id)
        mbmi->delta_lf[lf_id] = xd->delta_lf[lf_id];
      mbmi->delta_lf_from_base = xd->delta_lf_from_base;
    }
    if (has_second_ref(mbmi)) {
      if (mbmi->interinter_comp.type == COMPOUND_AVERAGE)
        mbmi->comp_group_idx = 0;
      else
        mbmi->comp_group_idx = 1;
    }

    // delta quant applies to both intra and inter
    const int super_block_upper_left =
        ((mi_row & (cm->seq_params.mib_size - 1)) == 0) &&
        ((mi_col & (cm->seq_params.mib_size - 1)) == 0);
    const DeltaQInfo *const delta_q_info = &cm->delta_q_info;
    if (delta_q_info->delta_q_present_flag &&
        (bsize != cm->seq_params.sb_size ||
         !mbmi->skip_txfm[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART]) &&
        super_block_upper_left) {
      xd->current_base_qindex = mbmi->current_qindex;
      if (delta_q_info->delta_lf_present_flag) {
        if (delta_q_info->delta_lf_multi) {
          const int frame_lf_count =
              av1_num_planes(cm) > 1 ? FRAME_LF_COUNT : FRAME_LF_COUNT - 2;
          for (int lf_id = 0; lf_id < frame_lf_count; ++lf_id) {
            xd->delta_lf[lf_id] = mbmi->delta_lf[lf_id];
          }
        } else {
          xd->delta_lf_from_base = mbmi->delta_lf_from_base;
        }
      }
    }

    RD_COUNTS *rdc = &td->rd_counts;
    if (mbmi->skip_mode) {
      assert(!frame_is_intra_only(cm));
      rdc->skip_mode_used_flag = 1;
      if (cm->current_frame.reference_mode == REFERENCE_MODE_SELECT) {
        assert(has_second_ref(mbmi));
        rdc->compound_ref_used_flag = 1;
      }
      set_ref_ptrs(cm, xd, mbmi->ref_frame[0], mbmi->ref_frame[1]);
    } else {
#if CONFIG_NEW_REF_SIGNALING
      const int seg_ref_active = 0;
#else
      const int seg_ref_active =
          segfeature_active(&cm->seg, mbmi->segment_id, SEG_LVL_REF_FRAME);
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_REF_SIGNALING
      if (!seg_ref_active) {
        // If the segment reference feature is enabled we have only a single
        // reference frame allowed for the segment so exclude it from
        // the reference frame counts used to work out probabilities.
        if (is_inter_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type)) {
          av1_collect_neighbors_ref_counts(xd);
          if (cm->current_frame.reference_mode == REFERENCE_MODE_SELECT) {
            if (has_second_ref(mbmi)) {
              // This flag is also updated for 4x4 blocks
              rdc->compound_ref_used_flag = 1;
            }
          }
          set_ref_ptrs(cm, xd, mbmi->ref_frame[0], mbmi->ref_frame[1]);
        }
      }
    }

    if (tile_data->allow_update_cdf) update_stats(&cpi->common, td);

    // Gather obmc and warped motion count to update the probability.
    if ((!cpi->sf.inter_sf.disable_obmc &&
         cpi->sf.inter_sf.prune_obmc_prob_thresh > 0) ||
        (cm->features.allow_warped_motion &&
         cpi->sf.inter_sf.prune_warped_prob_thresh > 0)) {
      const int inter_block = is_inter_block(mbmi, xd->tree_type);
#if CONFIG_NEW_REF_SIGNALING
      const int seg_ref_active = 0;
#else
      const int seg_ref_active =
          segfeature_active(&cm->seg, mbmi->segment_id, SEG_LVL_REF_FRAME);
#endif  // CONFIG_NEW_REF_SIGNALING
      if (!seg_ref_active && inter_block) {
        const MOTION_MODE motion_allowed =
            cm->features.switchable_motion_mode
                ? motion_mode_allowed(xd->global_motion, xd, mbmi,
                                      cm->features.allow_warped_motion)
                : SIMPLE_TRANSLATION;

        if (mbmi->ref_frame[1] != INTRA_FRAME) {
          if (motion_allowed >= OBMC_CAUSAL) {
            td->rd_counts.obmc_used[bsize][mbmi->motion_mode == OBMC_CAUSAL]++;
          }
          if (motion_allowed == WARPED_CAUSAL) {
            td->rd_counts.warped_used[mbmi->motion_mode == WARPED_CAUSAL]++;
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
  // TODO(Ravi/Remya): Move this copy function to a better logical place
  // This function will copy the best mode information from block
  // level (x->mbmi_ext) to frame level (cpi->mbmi_ext_info.frame_base). This
  // frame level buffer (cpi->mbmi_ext_info.frame_base) will be used during
  // bitstream preparation.
  if (xd->tree_type != CHROMA_PART)
    av1_copy_mbmi_ext_to_mbmi_ext_frame(
        x->mbmi_ext_frame, x->mbmi_ext,
        av1_ref_frame_type(xd->mi[0]->ref_frame));
  x->rdmult = origin_mult;
}

/*!\brief Reconstructs a partition (may contain multiple coding blocks)
 *
 * \ingroup partition_search
 * Reconstructs a sub-partition of the superblock by applying the chosen modes
 * and partition trees stored in pc_tree.
 *
 * This function works on planes determined by get_partition_plane_start() and
 * get_partition_plane_end() based on xd->tree_type.
 *
 * \param[in]    cpi       Top-level encoder structure
 * \param[in]    td        Pointer to thread data
 * \param[in]    tile_data Pointer to struct holding adaptive
 *                         data/contexts/models for the tile during encoding
 * \param[in]    tp        Pointer to the starting token
 * \param[in]    mi_row    Row coordinate of the block in a step size of MI_SIZE
 * \param[in]    mi_col    Column coordinate of the block in a step size of
 *                         MI_SIZE
 * \param[in]    dry_run   A code indicating whether it is part of the final
 *                         pass for reconstructing the superblock
 * \param[in]    bsize     Current block size
 * \param[in]    pc_tree   Pointer to the PC_TREE node storing the picked
 *                         partitions and mode info for the current block
 * \param[in]    rate      Pointer to the total rate for the current block
 *
 * Nothing is returned. Instead, reconstructions (w/o in-loop filters)
 * will be updated in the pixel buffers in td->mb.e_mbd.
 */
static void encode_sb(const AV1_COMP *const cpi, ThreadData *td,
                      TileDataEnc *tile_data, TokenExtra **tp, int mi_row,
                      int mi_col, RUN_TYPE dry_run, BLOCK_SIZE bsize,
                      PC_TREE *pc_tree, int *rate) {
  assert(bsize < BLOCK_SIZES_ALL);
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const CommonModeInfoParams *const mi_params = &cm->mi_params;
  MACROBLOCK *const x = &td->mb;
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  assert(bsize < BLOCK_SIZES_ALL);
  const int hbs = mi_size_wide[bsize] / 2;
  const int is_partition_root = bsize >= BLOCK_8X8;
  const int ctx = is_partition_root
                      ? partition_plane_context(xd, mi_row, mi_col, bsize)
                      : -1;
  const PARTITION_TYPE partition = pc_tree->partitioning;
  const BLOCK_SIZE subsize = get_partition_subsize(bsize, partition);
  int quarter_step = mi_size_wide[bsize] / 4;
  int i;
  BLOCK_SIZE bsize2 = get_partition_subsize(bsize, PARTITION_SPLIT);

  if (mi_row >= mi_params->mi_rows || mi_col >= mi_params->mi_cols) return;
  if (subsize == BLOCK_INVALID) return;

  if (!dry_run && ctx >= 0) {
    const int has_rows = (mi_row + hbs) < mi_params->mi_rows;
    const int has_cols = (mi_col + hbs) < mi_params->mi_cols;

    const int plane_index = xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART;

    if (has_rows && has_cols) {
#if CONFIG_ENTROPY_STATS
      td->counts->partition[ctx][partition]++;
#endif

      if (tile_data->allow_update_cdf) {
        FRAME_CONTEXT *fc = xd->tile_ctx;
        int luma_split_flag = 0;
        int parent_block_width = block_size_wide[bsize];
        if (xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART &&
            parent_block_width >= SHARED_PART_SIZE) {
          luma_split_flag =
              get_luma_split_flag(bsize, mi_params, mi_row, mi_col);
        }
        if (luma_split_flag <= 3) {
          update_cdf(fc->partition_cdf[plane_index][ctx], partition,
                     partition_cdf_length(bsize));
        } else {
          // if luma blocks uses smaller blocks, then chroma will also split
          assert(partition == PARTITION_SPLIT);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  switch (partition) {
    case PARTITION_NONE:
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row, mi_col, dry_run, subsize,
               partition, pc_tree->none, rate);
      break;
    case PARTITION_VERT:
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row, mi_col, dry_run, subsize,
               partition, pc_tree->vertical[0], rate);
      if (mi_col + hbs < mi_params->mi_cols) {
        encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row, mi_col + hbs, dry_run, subsize,
                 partition, pc_tree->vertical[1], rate);
      }
      break;
    case PARTITION_HORZ:
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row, mi_col, dry_run, subsize,
               partition, pc_tree->horizontal[0], rate);
      if (mi_row + hbs < mi_params->mi_rows) {
        encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row + hbs, mi_col, dry_run, subsize,
                 partition, pc_tree->horizontal[1], rate);
      }
      break;
    case PARTITION_SPLIT:
      encode_sb(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, mi_row, mi_col, dry_run, subsize,
                pc_tree->split[0], rate);
      encode_sb(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, mi_row, mi_col + hbs, dry_run, subsize,
                pc_tree->split[1], rate);
      encode_sb(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, mi_row + hbs, mi_col, dry_run, subsize,
                pc_tree->split[2], rate);
      encode_sb(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, mi_row + hbs, mi_col + hbs, dry_run,
                subsize, pc_tree->split[3], rate);
      break;

    case PARTITION_HORZ_A:
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row, mi_col, dry_run, bsize2,
               partition, pc_tree->horizontala[0], rate);
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row, mi_col + hbs, dry_run, bsize2,
               partition, pc_tree->horizontala[1], rate);
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row + hbs, mi_col, dry_run, subsize,
               partition, pc_tree->horizontala[2], rate);
      break;
    case PARTITION_HORZ_B:
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row, mi_col, dry_run, subsize,
               partition, pc_tree->horizontalb[0], rate);
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row + hbs, mi_col, dry_run, bsize2,
               partition, pc_tree->horizontalb[1], rate);
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row + hbs, mi_col + hbs, dry_run,
               bsize2, partition, pc_tree->horizontalb[2], rate);
      break;
    case PARTITION_VERT_A:
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row, mi_col, dry_run, bsize2,
               partition, pc_tree->verticala[0], rate);
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row + hbs, mi_col, dry_run, bsize2,
               partition, pc_tree->verticala[1], rate);
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row, mi_col + hbs, dry_run, subsize,
               partition, pc_tree->verticala[2], rate);

      break;
    case PARTITION_VERT_B:
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row, mi_col, dry_run, subsize,
               partition, pc_tree->verticalb[0], rate);
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row, mi_col + hbs, dry_run, bsize2,
               partition, pc_tree->verticalb[1], rate);
      encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row + hbs, mi_col + hbs, dry_run,
               bsize2, partition, pc_tree->verticalb[2], rate);
      break;
    case PARTITION_HORZ_4:
      for (i = 0; i < SUB_PARTITIONS_PART4; ++i) {
        int this_mi_row = mi_row + i * quarter_step;
        if (i > 0 && this_mi_row >= mi_params->mi_rows) break;

        encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, this_mi_row, mi_col, dry_run, subsize,
                 partition, pc_tree->horizontal4[i], rate);
      }
      break;
    case PARTITION_VERT_4:
      for (i = 0; i < SUB_PARTITIONS_PART4; ++i) {
        int this_mi_col = mi_col + i * quarter_step;
        if (i > 0 && this_mi_col >= mi_params->mi_cols) break;
        encode_b(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, mi_row, this_mi_col, dry_run, subsize,
                 partition, pc_tree->vertical4[i], rate);
      }
      break;
    default: assert(0 && "Invalid partition type."); break;
  }

  update_ext_partition_context(xd, mi_row, mi_col, subsize, bsize, partition);
}

/*!\brief AV1 block partition search (partition estimation and partial search).
*
* \ingroup partition_search
* Encode the block by applying pre-calculated partition patterns that are
* represented by coding block sizes stored in the mbmi array. Minor partition
* adjustments are tested and applied if they lead to lower rd costs. The
* partition types are limited to a basic set: none, horz, vert, and split.
*
* \param[in]    cpi       Top-level encoder structure
* \param[in]    td        Pointer to thread data
* \param[in]    tile_data Pointer to struct holding adaptive
data/contexts/models for the tile during encoding
* \param[in]    mib       Array representing MB_MODE_INFO pointers for mi
blocks starting from the first pixel of the current
block
* \param[in]    tp        Pointer to the starting token
* \param[in]    mi_row    Row coordinate of the block in a step size of MI_SIZE
* \param[in]    mi_col    Column coordinate of the block in a step size of
MI_SIZE
* \param[in]    bsize     Current block size
* \param[in]    rate      Pointer to the final rate for encoding the current
block
* \param[in]    dist      Pointer to the final distortion of the current block
* \param[in]    do_recon  Whether the reconstruction function needs to be run,
either for finalizing a superblock or providing
reference for future sub-partitions
* \param[in]    pc_tree   Pointer to the PC_TREE node holding the picked
partitions and mode info for the current block
*
* Nothing is returned. The pc_tree struct is modified to store the
* picked partition and modes. The rate and dist are also updated with those
* corresponding to the best partition found.
*/
void av1_rd_use_partition(AV1_COMP *cpi, ThreadData *td, TileDataEnc *tile_data,
                          MB_MODE_INFO **mib, TokenExtra **tp, int mi_row,
                          int mi_col, BLOCK_SIZE bsize, int *rate,
                          int64_t *dist, int do_recon, PC_TREE *pc_tree) {
  AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const CommonModeInfoParams *const mi_params = &cm->mi_params;
  const int num_planes = av1_num_planes(cm);
  TileInfo *const tile_info = &tile_data->tile_info;
  MACROBLOCK *const x = &td->mb;
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  const ModeCosts *mode_costs = &x->mode_costs;
  const int bs = mi_size_wide[bsize];
  const int hbs = bs / 2;
  const int pl = (bsize >= BLOCK_8X8)
                     ? partition_plane_context(xd, mi_row, mi_col, bsize)
                     : 0;
  const PARTITION_TYPE partition =
      (bsize >= BLOCK_8X8) ? get_partition(cm, xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART,
                                           mi_row, mi_col, bsize)
                           : PARTITION_NONE;
  const BLOCK_SIZE subsize = get_partition_subsize(bsize, partition);
  RD_SEARCH_MACROBLOCK_CONTEXT x_ctx;
  RD_STATS last_part_rdc, invalid_rdc;
  int plane_type = (xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART);
  const int plane_start = get_partition_plane_start(xd->tree_type);
  const int plane_end = get_partition_plane_end(xd->tree_type, num_planes);

  if (pc_tree->none == NULL) {
    pc_tree->none = av1_alloc_pmc(cm, bsize, &td->shared_coeff_buf);
  }
  PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *ctx_none = pc_tree->none;

  if (mi_row >= mi_params->mi_rows || mi_col >= mi_params->mi_cols) return;

  assert(mi_size_wide[bsize] == mi_size_high[bsize]);

  av1_invalid_rd_stats(&last_part_rdc);
  av1_invalid_rd_stats(&invalid_rdc);

  pc_tree->partitioning = partition;

  xd->above_txfm_context =
      cm->above_contexts.txfm[tile_info->tile_row] + mi_col;
  xd->left_txfm_context =
      xd->left_txfm_context_buffer + (mi_row & MAX_MIB_MASK);
  av1_save_context(x, &x_ctx, mi_row, mi_col, bsize, num_planes);

  if (bsize == BLOCK_16X16 && cpi->vaq_refresh) {
    av1_set_offsets(cpi, tile_info, x, mi_row, mi_col, bsize);
    x->mb_energy = av1_log_block_var(cpi, x, bsize);
  }

  // Save rdmult before it might be changed, so it can be restored later.
  const int orig_rdmult = x->rdmult;
  setup_block_rdmult(cpi, x, mi_row, mi_col, bsize, NO_AQ, NULL);

  for (int i = 0; i < SUB_PARTITIONS_SPLIT; ++i) {
    pc_tree->split[i] = av1_alloc_pc_tree_node(subsize);
    pc_tree->split[i]->index = i;
  }
  switch (partition) {
    case PARTITION_NONE:
      pick_sb_modes(cpi, tile_data, x, mi_row, mi_col, &last_part_rdc,
                    PARTITION_NONE, bsize, ctx_none, invalid_rdc);
      break;
    case PARTITION_HORZ:
      for (int i = 0; i < SUB_PARTITIONS_RECT; ++i) {
        if (pc_tree->horizontal[i] == NULL) {
          pc_tree->horizontal[i] =
              av1_alloc_pmc(cm, subsize, &td->shared_coeff_buf);
        }
      }
      pick_sb_modes(cpi, tile_data, x, mi_row, mi_col, &last_part_rdc,
                    PARTITION_HORZ, subsize, pc_tree->horizontal[0],
                    invalid_rdc);
      if (last_part_rdc.rate != INT_MAX && bsize >= BLOCK_8X8 &&
          mi_row + hbs < mi_params->mi_rows) {
        RD_STATS tmp_rdc;
        const PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *const ctx_h = pc_tree->horizontal[0];
        av1_init_rd_stats(&tmp_rdc);
        av1_update_state(cpi, td, ctx_h, mi_row, mi_col, subsize, 1);
        encode_superblock(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, DRY_RUN_NORMAL, subsize,
                          plane_start, plane_end, NULL);
        pick_sb_modes(cpi, tile_data, x, mi_row + hbs, mi_col, &tmp_rdc,
                      PARTITION_HORZ, subsize, pc_tree->horizontal[1],
                      invalid_rdc);
        if (tmp_rdc.rate == INT_MAX || tmp_rdc.dist == INT64_MAX) {
          av1_invalid_rd_stats(&last_part_rdc);
          break;
        }
        last_part_rdc.rate += tmp_rdc.rate;
        last_part_rdc.dist += tmp_rdc.dist;
        last_part_rdc.rdcost += tmp_rdc.rdcost;
      }
      break;
    case PARTITION_VERT:
      for (int i = 0; i < SUB_PARTITIONS_RECT; ++i) {
        if (pc_tree->vertical[i] == NULL) {
          pc_tree->vertical[i] =
              av1_alloc_pmc(cm, subsize, &td->shared_coeff_buf);
        }
      }
      pick_sb_modes(cpi, tile_data, x, mi_row, mi_col, &last_part_rdc,
                    PARTITION_VERT, subsize, pc_tree->vertical[0], invalid_rdc);
      if (last_part_rdc.rate != INT_MAX && bsize >= BLOCK_8X8 &&
          mi_col + hbs < mi_params->mi_cols) {
        RD_STATS tmp_rdc;
        const PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *const ctx_v = pc_tree->vertical[0];
        av1_init_rd_stats(&tmp_rdc);
        av1_update_state(cpi, td, ctx_v, mi_row, mi_col, subsize, 1);
        encode_superblock(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, DRY_RUN_NORMAL, subsize,
                          plane_start, plane_end, NULL);
        pick_sb_modes(cpi, tile_data, x, mi_row, mi_col + hbs, &tmp_rdc,
                      PARTITION_VERT, subsize,
                      pc_tree->vertical[bsize > BLOCK_8X8], invalid_rdc);
        if (tmp_rdc.rate == INT_MAX || tmp_rdc.dist == INT64_MAX) {
          av1_invalid_rd_stats(&last_part_rdc);
          break;
        }
        last_part_rdc.rate += tmp_rdc.rate;
        last_part_rdc.dist += tmp_rdc.dist;
        last_part_rdc.rdcost += tmp_rdc.rdcost;
      }
      break;
    case PARTITION_SPLIT:
      last_part_rdc.rate = 0;
      last_part_rdc.dist = 0;
      last_part_rdc.rdcost = 0;
      for (int i = 0; i < SUB_PARTITIONS_SPLIT; i++) {
        int x_idx = (i & 1) * hbs;
        int y_idx = (i >> 1) * hbs;
        int jj = i >> 1, ii = i & 0x01;
        RD_STATS tmp_rdc;
        if ((mi_row + y_idx >= mi_params->mi_rows) ||
            (mi_col + x_idx >= mi_params->mi_cols))
          continue;

        av1_init_rd_stats(&tmp_rdc);
        av1_rd_use_partition(
            cpi, td, tile_data,
            mib + jj * hbs * mi_params->mi_stride + ii * hbs, tp,
            mi_row + y_idx, mi_col + x_idx, subsize, &tmp_rdc.rate,
            &tmp_rdc.dist, i != (SUB_PARTITIONS_SPLIT - 1), pc_tree->split[i]);
        if (tmp_rdc.rate == INT_MAX || tmp_rdc.dist == INT64_MAX) {
          av1_invalid_rd_stats(&last_part_rdc);
          break;
        }
        last_part_rdc.rate += tmp_rdc.rate;
        last_part_rdc.dist += tmp_rdc.dist;
      }
      break;
    case PARTITION_VERT_A:
    case PARTITION_VERT_B:
    case PARTITION_HORZ_A:
    case PARTITION_HORZ_B:
    case PARTITION_HORZ_4:
    case PARTITION_VERT_4:
      assert(0 && "Cannot handle extended partition types");
    default: assert(0); break;
  }

  if (last_part_rdc.rate < INT_MAX) {
    last_part_rdc.rate +=
        mode_costs->partition_cost[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART][pl][partition];
    last_part_rdc.rdcost =
        RDCOST(x->rdmult, last_part_rdc.rate, last_part_rdc.dist);
  }

  // If last_part is better set the partitioning to that.
  mib[0]->sb_type[plane_type] = bsize;
  if (bsize >= BLOCK_8X8) pc_tree->partitioning = partition;

  av1_restore_context(x, &x_ctx, mi_row, mi_col, bsize, num_planes);

  // We must have chosen a partitioning and encoding or we'll fail later on.
  // No other opportunities for success.
  if (bsize == cm->seq_params.sb_size)
    assert(last_part_rdc.rate < INT_MAX && last_part_rdc.dist < INT64_MAX);

  if (do_recon) {
    if (bsize == cm->seq_params.sb_size) {
      // NOTE: To get estimate for rate due to the tokens, use:
      // int rate_coeffs = 0;
      // encode_sb(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, mi_row, mi_col, DRY_RUN_COSTCOEFFS,
      //           bsize, pc_tree, &rate_coeffs);
      x->cb_offset[plane_type] = 0;
      encode_sb(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, mi_row, mi_col, OUTPUT_ENABLED, bsize,
                pc_tree, NULL);
    } else {
      encode_sb(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, mi_row, mi_col, DRY_RUN_NORMAL, bsize,
                pc_tree, NULL);
    }
  }

  *rate = last_part_rdc.rate;
  *dist = last_part_rdc.dist;
  x->rdmult = orig_rdmult;
}

// Try searching for an encoding for the given subblock. Returns zero if the
// rdcost is already too high (to tell the caller not to bother searching for
// encodings of further subblocks).
static int rd_try_subblock(AV1_COMP *const cpi, ThreadData *td,
                           TileDataEnc *tile_data, TokenExtra **tp, int is_last,
                           int mi_row, int mi_col, BLOCK_SIZE subsize,
                           RD_STATS best_rdcost, RD_STATS *sum_rdc,
                           PARTITION_TYPE partition,
                           PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *this_ctx) {
  MACROBLOCK *const x = &td->mb;
  const int orig_mult = x->rdmult;
  setup_block_rdmult(cpi, x, mi_row, mi_col, subsize, NO_AQ, NULL);

  av1_rd_cost_update(x->rdmult, &best_rdcost);

  RD_STATS rdcost_remaining;
  av1_rd_stats_subtraction(x->rdmult, &best_rdcost, sum_rdc, &rdcost_remaining);
  RD_STATS this_rdc;
  pick_sb_modes(cpi, tile_data, x, mi_row, mi_col, &this_rdc, partition,
                subsize, this_ctx, rdcost_remaining);

  if (this_rdc.rate == INT_MAX) {
    sum_rdc->rdcost = INT64_MAX;
  } else {
    sum_rdc->rate += this_rdc.rate;
    sum_rdc->dist += this_rdc.dist;
    av1_rd_cost_update(x->rdmult, sum_rdc);
  }

  if (sum_rdc->rdcost >= best_rdcost.rdcost) {
    x->rdmult = orig_mult;
    return 0;
  }

  MACROBLOCKD *xd = &x->e_mbd;
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const int plane_start = get_partition_plane_start(xd->tree_type);
  const int plane_end =
      get_partition_plane_end(xd->tree_type, av1_num_planes(cm));

  if (!is_last) {
    av1_update_state(cpi, td, this_ctx, mi_row, mi_col, subsize, 1);
    encode_superblock(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, DRY_RUN_NORMAL, subsize,
                      plane_start, plane_end, NULL);
  }

  x->rdmult = orig_mult;
  return 1;
}

// Tests an AB partition, and updates the encoder status, the pick mode
// contexts, the best rdcost, and the best partition.
static bool rd_test_partition3(AV1_COMP *const cpi, ThreadData *td,
                               TileDataEnc *tile_data, TokenExtra **tp,
                               PC_TREE *pc_tree, RD_STATS *best_rdc,
                               PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *ctxs[SUB_PARTITIONS_AB],
                               int mi_row, int mi_col, BLOCK_SIZE bsize,
                               PARTITION_TYPE partition,
                               const BLOCK_SIZE ab_subsize[SUB_PARTITIONS_AB],
                               const int ab_mi_pos[SUB_PARTITIONS_AB][2]) {
  const MACROBLOCK *const x = &td->mb;
  const MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  const int pl = partition_plane_context(xd, mi_row, mi_col, bsize);
  RD_STATS sum_rdc;
  av1_init_rd_stats(&sum_rdc);
  sum_rdc.rate =
      x->mode_costs.partition_cost[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART][pl][partition];
  sum_rdc.rdcost = RDCOST(x->rdmult, sum_rdc.rate, 0);
  // Loop over sub-partitions in AB partition type.
  for (int i = 0; i < SUB_PARTITIONS_AB; i++) {
    assert(ab_subsize[i] != BLOCK_INVALID);
    if (!rd_try_subblock(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, i == SUB_PARTITIONS_AB - 1,
                         ab_mi_pos[i][0], ab_mi_pos[i][1], ab_subsize[i],
                         *best_rdc, &sum_rdc, partition, ctxs[i]))
      return false;
  }

  av1_rd_cost_update(x->rdmult, &sum_rdc);
  if (sum_rdc.rdcost >= best_rdc->rdcost) return false;
  sum_rdc.rdcost = RDCOST(x->rdmult, sum_rdc.rate, sum_rdc.dist);
  if (sum_rdc.rdcost >= best_rdc->rdcost) return false;

  *best_rdc = sum_rdc;
  pc_tree->partitioning = partition;
  return true;
}

// Initialize state variables of partition search used in
// av1_rd_pick_partition().
static void init_partition_search_state_params(
    MACROBLOCK *x, AV1_COMP *const cpi, PartitionSearchState *part_search_state,
    int mi_row, int mi_col, BLOCK_SIZE bsize) {
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  PartitionBlkParams *blk_params = &part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  const CommonModeInfoParams *const mi_params = &cpi->common.mi_params;

  // Initialization of block size related parameters.
  blk_params->mi_step = mi_size_wide[bsize] / 2;
  blk_params->mi_row = mi_row;
  blk_params->mi_col = mi_col;
  blk_params->mi_row_edge = mi_row + blk_params->mi_step;
  blk_params->mi_col_edge = mi_col + blk_params->mi_step;
  blk_params->width = block_size_wide[bsize];
  blk_params->min_partition_size_1d =
      block_size_wide[x->sb_enc.min_partition_size];
  blk_params->subsize = get_partition_subsize(bsize, PARTITION_SPLIT);
  blk_params->split_bsize2 = blk_params->subsize;
  blk_params->bsize_at_least_8x8 = (bsize >= BLOCK_8X8);
  blk_params->bsize = bsize;

  // Check if the partition corresponds to edge block.
  blk_params->has_rows = (blk_params->mi_row_edge < mi_params->mi_rows);
  blk_params->has_cols = (blk_params->mi_col_edge < mi_params->mi_cols);

  // Update intra partitioning related info.
  part_search_state->intra_part_info = &x->part_search_info;
  // Prepare for segmentation CNN-based partitioning for intra-frame.
  if (frame_is_intra_only(cm) && bsize == BLOCK_64X64) {
    part_search_state->intra_part_info->quad_tree_idx = 0;
    part_search_state->intra_part_info->cnn_output_valid = 0;
  }

  // Set partition plane context index.
  part_search_state->pl_ctx_idx =
      blk_params->bsize_at_least_8x8
          ? partition_plane_context(xd, mi_row, mi_col, bsize)
          : 0;

  // Partition cost buffer update
  ModeCosts *mode_costs = &x->mode_costs;
  part_search_state->partition_cost =
      mode_costs->partition_cost[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART]
                                [part_search_state->pl_ctx_idx];

  // Initialize HORZ and VERT win flags as true for all split partitions.
  for (int i = 0; i < SUB_PARTITIONS_SPLIT; i++) {
    part_search_state->split_part_rect_win[i].rect_part_win[HORZ] = true;
    part_search_state->split_part_rect_win[i].rect_part_win[VERT] = true;
  }

  // Initialize the rd cost.
  av1_init_rd_stats(&part_search_state->this_rdc);

  // Initialize RD costs for partition types to 0.
  part_search_state->none_rd = 0;
  av1_zero(part_search_state->split_rd);
  av1_zero(part_search_state->rect_part_rd);

  // Initialize SPLIT partition to be not ready.
  av1_zero(part_search_state->is_split_ctx_is_ready);
  // Initialize HORZ and VERT partitions to be not ready.
  av1_zero(part_search_state->is_rect_ctx_is_ready);

  // Chroma subsampling.
  part_search_state->ss_x = x->e_mbd.plane[1].subsampling_x;
  part_search_state->ss_y = x->e_mbd.plane[1].subsampling_y;

  // Initialize partition search flags to defaults.
  part_search_state->terminate_partition_search = 0;
  part_search_state->do_square_split =
      blk_params->bsize_at_least_8x8 &&
      (xd->tree_type != CHROMA_PART || bsize > BLOCK_8X8);
  part_search_state->do_rectangular_split =
      cpi->oxcf.part_cfg.enable_rect_partitions &&
      (xd->tree_type != CHROMA_PART || bsize > BLOCK_8X8);

  av1_zero(part_search_state->prune_rect_part);

  // Initialize allowed partition types for the partition block.
  part_search_state->partition_none_allowed =
      blk_params->has_rows && blk_params->has_cols;
  part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[HORZ] =
      blk_params->has_cols && blk_params->bsize_at_least_8x8 &&
      cpi->oxcf.part_cfg.enable_rect_partitions &&
      (xd->tree_type != CHROMA_PART || bsize > BLOCK_8X8) &&
      get_plane_block_size(get_partition_subsize(bsize, PARTITION_HORZ),
                           part_search_state->ss_x,
                           part_search_state->ss_y) != BLOCK_INVALID;
  part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[VERT] =
      blk_params->has_rows && blk_params->bsize_at_least_8x8 &&
      (xd->tree_type != CHROMA_PART || bsize > BLOCK_8X8) &&
      cpi->oxcf.part_cfg.enable_rect_partitions &&
      get_plane_block_size(get_partition_subsize(bsize, PARTITION_VERT),
                           part_search_state->ss_x,
                           part_search_state->ss_y) != BLOCK_INVALID;

  // Reset the flag indicating whether a partition leading to a rdcost lower
  // than the bound best_rdc has been found.
  part_search_state->found_best_partition = false;
}

// Override partition cost buffer for the edge blocks.
static void set_partition_cost_for_edge_blk(
    AV1_COMMON const *cm, MACROBLOCKD *const xd,
    PartitionSearchState *part_search_state) {
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  assert(blk_params.bsize_at_least_8x8 && part_search_state->pl_ctx_idx >= 0);
  const int plane = xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART;
  const aom_cdf_prob *partition_cdf =
      cm->fc->partition_cdf[plane][part_search_state->pl_ctx_idx];
  const int max_cost = av1_cost_symbol(0);
  for (PARTITION_TYPE i = 0; i < PARTITION_TYPES; ++i)
    part_search_state->tmp_partition_cost[i] = max_cost;
  if (blk_params.has_cols) {
    // At the bottom, the two possibilities are HORZ and SPLIT.
    aom_cdf_prob bot_cdf[2];
    partition_gather_vert_alike(bot_cdf, partition_cdf, blk_params.bsize);
    static const int bot_inv_map[2] = { PARTITION_HORZ, PARTITION_SPLIT };
    av1_cost_tokens_from_cdf(part_search_state->tmp_partition_cost, bot_cdf,
                             bot_inv_map);
  } else if (blk_params.has_rows) {
    // At the right, the two possibilities are VERT and SPLIT.
    aom_cdf_prob rhs_cdf[2];
    partition_gather_horz_alike(rhs_cdf, partition_cdf, blk_params.bsize);
    static const int rhs_inv_map[2] = { PARTITION_VERT, PARTITION_SPLIT };
    av1_cost_tokens_from_cdf(part_search_state->tmp_partition_cost, rhs_cdf,
                             rhs_inv_map);
  } else {
    // At the bottom right, we always split.
    part_search_state->tmp_partition_cost[PARTITION_SPLIT] = 0;
  }
  // Override the partition cost buffer.
  part_search_state->partition_cost = part_search_state->tmp_partition_cost;
}

// Reset the partition search state flags when
// must_find_valid_partition is equal to 1.
static AOM_INLINE void reset_part_limitations(
    AV1_COMP *const cpi, PartitionSearchState *part_search_state) {
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  const int is_rect_part_allowed =
      blk_params.bsize_at_least_8x8 &&
      cpi->oxcf.part_cfg.enable_rect_partitions &&
      (blk_params.width > blk_params.min_partition_size_1d);
  part_search_state->do_square_split =
      blk_params.bsize_at_least_8x8 &&
      (blk_params.width > blk_params.min_partition_size_1d);
  part_search_state->partition_none_allowed =
      blk_params.has_rows && blk_params.has_cols &&
      (blk_params.width >= blk_params.min_partition_size_1d);
  part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[HORZ] =
      blk_params.has_cols && is_rect_part_allowed &&
      get_plane_block_size(
          get_partition_subsize(blk_params.bsize, PARTITION_HORZ),
          part_search_state->ss_x, part_search_state->ss_y) != BLOCK_INVALID;
  part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[VERT] =
      blk_params.has_rows && is_rect_part_allowed &&
      get_plane_block_size(
          get_partition_subsize(blk_params.bsize, PARTITION_VERT),
          part_search_state->ss_x, part_search_state->ss_y) != BLOCK_INVALID;
  part_search_state->terminate_partition_search = 0;
}

// Rectangular partitions evaluation at sub-block level.
static void rd_pick_rect_partition(AV1_COMP *const cpi, TileDataEnc *tile_data,
                                   MACROBLOCK *x,
                                   PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *cur_partition_ctx,
                                   PartitionSearchState *part_search_state,
                                   RD_STATS *best_rdc, const int idx,
                                   int mi_row, int mi_col, BLOCK_SIZE bsize,
                                   PARTITION_TYPE partition_type) {
  // Obtain the remainder from the best rd cost
  // for further processing of partition.
  RD_STATS best_remain_rdcost;
  av1_rd_stats_subtraction(x->rdmult, best_rdc, &part_search_state->sum_rdc,
                           &best_remain_rdcost);

  // Obtain the best mode for the partition sub-block.
  pick_sb_modes(cpi, tile_data, x, mi_row, mi_col, &part_search_state->this_rdc,
                partition_type, bsize, cur_partition_ctx, best_remain_rdcost);
  av1_rd_cost_update(x->rdmult, &part_search_state->this_rdc);

  // Update the partition rd cost with the current sub-block rd.
  if (part_search_state->this_rdc.rate == INT_MAX) {
    part_search_state->sum_rdc.rdcost = INT64_MAX;
  } else {
    part_search_state->sum_rdc.rate += part_search_state->this_rdc.rate;
    part_search_state->sum_rdc.dist += part_search_state->this_rdc.dist;
    av1_rd_cost_update(x->rdmult, &part_search_state->sum_rdc);
  }
  const RECT_PART_TYPE rect_part =
      partition_type == PARTITION_HORZ ? HORZ : VERT;
  part_search_state->rect_part_rd[rect_part][idx] =
      part_search_state->this_rdc.rdcost;
}

typedef int (*active_edge_info)(const AV1_COMP *cpi, int mi_col, int mi_step);

// Checks if HORZ / VERT partition search is allowed.
static AOM_INLINE int is_rect_part_allowed(
    const AV1_COMP *cpi, PartitionSearchState *part_search_state,
    active_edge_info *active_edge, RECT_PART_TYPE rect_part, const int mi_pos) {
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  const int is_part_allowed =
      (!part_search_state->terminate_partition_search &&
       part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[rect_part] &&
       !part_search_state->prune_rect_part[rect_part] &&
       (part_search_state->do_rectangular_split ||
        active_edge[rect_part](cpi, mi_pos, blk_params.mi_step)));
  return is_part_allowed;
}

// Rectangular partition types search function.
static void rectangular_partition_search(
    AV1_COMP *const cpi, ThreadData *td, TileDataEnc *tile_data,
    TokenExtra **tp, MACROBLOCK *x, PC_TREE *pc_tree,
    RD_SEARCH_MACROBLOCK_CONTEXT *x_ctx,
    PartitionSearchState *part_search_state, RD_STATS *best_rdc,
    RD_RECT_PART_WIN_INFO *rect_part_win_info) {
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  RD_STATS *sum_rdc = &part_search_state->sum_rdc;
  const int rect_partition_type[NUM_RECT_PARTS] = { PARTITION_HORZ,
                                                    PARTITION_VERT };

  MACROBLOCKD *xd = &x->e_mbd;
  const int plane_start = get_partition_plane_start(xd->tree_type);
  const int plane_end =
      get_partition_plane_end(xd->tree_type, av1_num_planes(cm));

  // mi_pos_rect[NUM_RECT_PARTS][SUB_PARTITIONS_RECT][0]: mi_row postion of
  //                                           HORZ and VERT partition types.
  // mi_pos_rect[NUM_RECT_PARTS][SUB_PARTITIONS_RECT][1]: mi_col postion of
  //                                           HORZ and VERT partition types.
  const int mi_pos_rect[NUM_RECT_PARTS][SUB_PARTITIONS_RECT][2] = {
    { { blk_params.mi_row, blk_params.mi_col },
      { blk_params.mi_row_edge, blk_params.mi_col } },
    { { blk_params.mi_row, blk_params.mi_col },
      { blk_params.mi_row, blk_params.mi_col_edge } }
  };

  // Initialize active edge_type function pointer
  // for HOZR and VERT partition types.
  active_edge_info active_edge_type[NUM_RECT_PARTS] = { av1_active_h_edge,
                                                        av1_active_v_edge };

  // Indicates edge blocks for HORZ and VERT partition types.
  const int is_not_edge_block[NUM_RECT_PARTS] = { blk_params.has_rows,
                                                  blk_params.has_cols };

  // Initialize pc tree context for HORZ and VERT partition types.
  PICK_MODE_CONTEXT **cur_ctx[NUM_RECT_PARTS][SUB_PARTITIONS_RECT] = {
    { &pc_tree->horizontal[0], &pc_tree->horizontal[1] },
    { &pc_tree->vertical[0], &pc_tree->vertical[1] }
  };

  // Loop over rectangular partition types.
  for (RECT_PART_TYPE i = HORZ; i < NUM_RECT_PARTS; i++) {
    assert(IMPLIES(!cpi->oxcf.part_cfg.enable_rect_partitions,
                   !part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[i]));

    // Check if the HORZ / VERT partition search is to be performed.
    if (!is_rect_part_allowed(cpi, part_search_state, active_edge_type, i,
                              mi_pos_rect[i][0][i]))
      continue;

    // Sub-partition idx.
    int sub_part_idx = 0;
    PARTITION_TYPE partition_type = rect_partition_type[i];
    blk_params.subsize =
        get_partition_subsize(blk_params.bsize, partition_type);
    assert(blk_params.subsize <= BLOCK_LARGEST);
    av1_init_rd_stats(sum_rdc);
    for (int j = 0; j < SUB_PARTITIONS_RECT; j++) {
      if (cur_ctx[i][j][0] == NULL) {
        cur_ctx[i][j][0] =
            av1_alloc_pmc(cm, blk_params.subsize, &td->shared_coeff_buf);
      }
    }
    sum_rdc->rate = part_search_state->partition_cost[partition_type];
    sum_rdc->rdcost = RDCOST(x->rdmult, sum_rdc->rate, 0);
#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS
    if (best_rdc.rdcost - sum_rdc->rdcost >= 0) {
      partition_attempts[partition_type] += 1;
      aom_usec_timer_start(&partition_timer);
      partition_timer_on = 1;
    }
#endif

    // First sub-partition evaluation in HORZ / VERT partition type.
    rd_pick_rect_partition(
        cpi, tile_data, x, cur_ctx[i][sub_part_idx][0], part_search_state,
        best_rdc, 0, mi_pos_rect[i][sub_part_idx][0],
        mi_pos_rect[i][sub_part_idx][1], blk_params.subsize, partition_type);

    // Start of second sub-partition evaluation.
    // Evaluate second sub-partition if the first sub-partition cost
    // is less than the best cost and if it is not an edge block.
    if (sum_rdc->rdcost < best_rdc->rdcost && is_not_edge_block[i]) {
      const MB_MODE_INFO *const mbmi = &cur_ctx[i][sub_part_idx][0]->mic;
      const PALETTE_MODE_INFO *const pmi = &mbmi->palette_mode_info;
      // Neither palette mode nor cfl predicted.
      if (pmi->palette_size[PLANE_TYPE_Y] == 0 &&
          pmi->palette_size[PLANE_TYPE_UV] == 0) {
        if (mbmi->uv_mode != UV_CFL_PRED)
          part_search_state->is_rect_ctx_is_ready[i] = 1;
      }
      av1_update_state(cpi, td, cur_ctx[i][sub_part_idx][0], blk_params.mi_row,
                       blk_params.mi_col, blk_params.subsize, DRY_RUN_NORMAL);
      encode_superblock(cpi, tile_data, td, tp, DRY_RUN_NORMAL,
                        blk_params.subsize, plane_start, plane_end, NULL);

      // Second sub-partition evaluation in HORZ / VERT partition type.
      sub_part_idx = 1;
      rd_pick_rect_partition(
          cpi, tile_data, x, cur_ctx[i][sub_part_idx][0], part_search_state,
          best_rdc, 1, mi_pos_rect[i][sub_part_idx][0],
          mi_pos_rect[i][sub_part_idx][1], blk_params.subsize, partition_type);
    }
#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS
    if (partition_timer_on) {
      aom_usec_timer_mark(&partition_timer);
      int64_t time = aom_usec_timer_elapsed(&partition_timer);
      partition_times[partition_type] += time;
      partition_timer_on = 0;
    }
#endif
    // Update HORZ / VERT best partition.
    if (sum_rdc->rdcost < best_rdc->rdcost) {
      sum_rdc->rdcost = RDCOST(x->rdmult, sum_rdc->rate, sum_rdc->dist);
      if (sum_rdc->rdcost < best_rdc->rdcost) {
        *best_rdc = *sum_rdc;
        part_search_state->found_best_partition = true;
        pc_tree->partitioning = partition_type;
      }
    } else {
      // Update HORZ / VERT win flag.
      if (rect_part_win_info != NULL)
        rect_part_win_info->rect_part_win[i] = false;
    }
    av1_restore_context(x, x_ctx, blk_params.mi_row, blk_params.mi_col,
                        blk_params.bsize, av1_num_planes(cm));
  }
}

// AB partition type evaluation.
static void rd_pick_ab_part(
    AV1_COMP *const cpi, ThreadData *td, TileDataEnc *tile_data,
    TokenExtra **tp, MACROBLOCK *x, RD_SEARCH_MACROBLOCK_CONTEXT *x_ctx,
    PC_TREE *pc_tree, PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *dst_ctxs[SUB_PARTITIONS_AB],
    PartitionSearchState *part_search_state, RD_STATS *best_rdc,
    const BLOCK_SIZE ab_subsize[SUB_PARTITIONS_AB],
    const int ab_mi_pos[SUB_PARTITIONS_AB][2], const PARTITION_TYPE part_type) {
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  const int mi_row = blk_params.mi_row;
  const int mi_col = blk_params.mi_col;
  const int bsize = blk_params.bsize;

#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS
  {
    RD_STATS tmp_sum_rdc;
    av1_init_rd_stats(&tmp_sum_rdc);
    tmp_sum_rdc.rate =
        x->partition_cost[part_search_state->pl_ctx_idx][part_type];
    tmp_sum_rdc.rdcost = RDCOST(x->rdmult, tmp_sum_rdc.rate, 0);
    if (best_rdc->rdcost - tmp_sum_rdc.rdcost >= 0) {
      partition_attempts[part_type] += 1;
      aom_usec_timer_start(&partition_timer);
      partition_timer_on = 1;
    }
  }
#endif

  // Test this partition and update the best partition.
  part_search_state->found_best_partition |= rd_test_partition3(
      cpi, td, tile_data, tp, pc_tree, best_rdc, dst_ctxs, mi_row, mi_col,
      bsize, part_type, ab_subsize, ab_mi_pos);

#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS
  if (partition_timer_on) {
    aom_usec_timer_mark(&partition_timer);
    int64_t time = aom_usec_timer_elapsed(&partition_timer);
    partition_times[part_type] += time;
    partition_timer_on = 0;
  }
#endif
  av1_restore_context(x, x_ctx, mi_row, mi_col, bsize, av1_num_planes(cm));
}

// Check if AB partitions search is allowed.
static AOM_INLINE int is_ab_part_allowed(
    PartitionSearchState *part_search_state,
    const int ab_partitions_allowed[NUM_AB_PARTS], const int ab_part_type) {
  const int is_horz_ab = (ab_part_type >> 1);
  const int is_part_allowed =
      (!part_search_state->terminate_partition_search &&
       part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[is_horz_ab] &&
       ab_partitions_allowed[ab_part_type]);
  return is_part_allowed;
}

// Set mode search context.
static AOM_INLINE void set_mode_search_ctx(
    PC_TREE *pc_tree, const int is_ctx_ready[NUM_AB_PARTS][2],
    PICK_MODE_CONTEXT **mode_srch_ctx[NUM_AB_PARTS][2]) {
  mode_srch_ctx[HORZ_B][0] = &pc_tree->horizontal[0];
  mode_srch_ctx[VERT_B][0] = &pc_tree->vertical[0];

  if (is_ctx_ready[HORZ_A][0])
    mode_srch_ctx[HORZ_A][0] = &pc_tree->split[0]->none;

  if (is_ctx_ready[VERT_A][0])
    mode_srch_ctx[VERT_A][0] = &pc_tree->split[0]->none;

  if (is_ctx_ready[HORZ_A][1])
    mode_srch_ctx[HORZ_A][1] = &pc_tree->split[1]->none;
}

// AB Partitions type search.
static void ab_partitions_search(
    AV1_COMP *const cpi, ThreadData *td, TileDataEnc *tile_data,
    TokenExtra **tp, MACROBLOCK *x, RD_SEARCH_MACROBLOCK_CONTEXT *x_ctx,
    PC_TREE *pc_tree, PartitionSearchState *part_search_state,
    RD_STATS *best_rdc, RD_RECT_PART_WIN_INFO *rect_part_win_info,
    int pb_source_variance, int ext_partition_allowed) {
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  const int mi_row = blk_params.mi_row;
  const int mi_col = blk_params.mi_col;
  const int bsize = blk_params.bsize;

  int ab_partitions_allowed[NUM_AB_PARTS] = { 1, 1, 1, 1 };
  // Prune AB partitions
  av1_prune_ab_partitions(
      cpi, x, pc_tree, bsize, pb_source_variance, best_rdc->rdcost,
      part_search_state->rect_part_rd, part_search_state->split_rd,
      rect_part_win_info, ext_partition_allowed,
      part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[HORZ],
      part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[VERT],
      &ab_partitions_allowed[HORZ_A], &ab_partitions_allowed[HORZ_B],
      &ab_partitions_allowed[VERT_A], &ab_partitions_allowed[VERT_B]);

  // Flags to indicate whether the mode search is done.
  const int is_ctx_ready[NUM_AB_PARTS][2] = {
    { part_search_state->is_split_ctx_is_ready[0],
      part_search_state->is_split_ctx_is_ready[1] },
    { part_search_state->is_rect_ctx_is_ready[HORZ], 0 },
    { part_search_state->is_split_ctx_is_ready[0], 0 },
    { part_search_state->is_rect_ctx_is_ready[VERT], 0 }
  };

  // Current partition context.
  PICK_MODE_CONTEXT **cur_part_ctxs[NUM_AB_PARTS] = { pc_tree->horizontala,
                                                      pc_tree->horizontalb,
                                                      pc_tree->verticala,
                                                      pc_tree->verticalb };

  // Context of already evaluted partition types.
  PICK_MODE_CONTEXT **mode_srch_ctx[NUM_AB_PARTS][2];
  // Set context of already evaluted partition types.
  set_mode_search_ctx(pc_tree, is_ctx_ready, mode_srch_ctx);

  // Array of sub-partition size of AB partition types.
  const BLOCK_SIZE ab_subsize[NUM_AB_PARTS][SUB_PARTITIONS_AB] = {
    { blk_params.split_bsize2, blk_params.split_bsize2,
      get_partition_subsize(bsize, PARTITION_HORZ_A) },
    { get_partition_subsize(bsize, PARTITION_HORZ_B), blk_params.split_bsize2,
      blk_params.split_bsize2 },
    { blk_params.split_bsize2, blk_params.split_bsize2,
      get_partition_subsize(bsize, PARTITION_VERT_A) },
    { get_partition_subsize(bsize, PARTITION_VERT_B), blk_params.split_bsize2,
      blk_params.split_bsize2 }
  };

  // Array of mi_row, mi_col positions corresponds to each sub-partition in AB
  // partition types.
  const int ab_mi_pos[NUM_AB_PARTS][SUB_PARTITIONS_AB][2] = {
    { { mi_row, mi_col },
      { mi_row, blk_params.mi_col_edge },
      { blk_params.mi_row_edge, mi_col } },
    { { mi_row, mi_col },
      { blk_params.mi_row_edge, mi_col },
      { blk_params.mi_row_edge, blk_params.mi_col_edge } },
    { { mi_row, mi_col },
      { blk_params.mi_row_edge, mi_col },
      { mi_row, blk_params.mi_col_edge } },
    { { mi_row, mi_col },
      { mi_row, blk_params.mi_col_edge },
      { blk_params.mi_row_edge, blk_params.mi_col_edge } }
  };

  // Loop over AB partition types.
  for (AB_PART_TYPE ab_part_type = 0; ab_part_type < NUM_AB_PARTS;
       ab_part_type++) {
    const PARTITION_TYPE part_type = ab_part_type + PARTITION_HORZ_A;

    // Check if the AB partition search is to be performed.
    if (!is_ab_part_allowed(part_search_state, ab_partitions_allowed,
                            ab_part_type))
      continue;

    blk_params.subsize = get_partition_subsize(bsize, part_type);
    for (int i = 0; i < SUB_PARTITIONS_AB; i++) {
      // Set AB partition context.
      if (cur_part_ctxs[ab_part_type][i] == NULL)
        cur_part_ctxs[ab_part_type][i] = av1_alloc_pmc(
            cm, ab_subsize[ab_part_type][i], &td->shared_coeff_buf);
      // Set mode as not ready.
      cur_part_ctxs[ab_part_type][i]->rd_mode_is_ready = 0;
    }

    // Copy of mode search results if the ctx is ready.
    if (is_ctx_ready[ab_part_type][0]) {
      av1_copy_tree_context(cur_part_ctxs[ab_part_type][0],
                            mode_srch_ctx[ab_part_type][0][0]);
      cur_part_ctxs[ab_part_type][0]->mic.partition = part_type;
      cur_part_ctxs[ab_part_type][0]->rd_mode_is_ready = 1;
      if (is_ctx_ready[ab_part_type][1]) {
        av1_copy_tree_context(cur_part_ctxs[ab_part_type][1],
                              mode_srch_ctx[ab_part_type][1][0]);
        cur_part_ctxs[ab_part_type][1]->mic.partition = part_type;
        cur_part_ctxs[ab_part_type][1]->rd_mode_is_ready = 1;
      }
    }

    // Evaluation of AB partition type.
    rd_pick_ab_part(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, x, x_ctx, pc_tree,
                    cur_part_ctxs[ab_part_type], part_search_state, best_rdc,
                    ab_subsize[ab_part_type], ab_mi_pos[ab_part_type],
                    part_type);
  }
}

// Set mi positions for HORZ4 / VERT4 sub-block partitions.
static void set_mi_pos_partition4(const int inc_step[NUM_PART4_TYPES],
                                  int mi_pos[SUB_PARTITIONS_PART4][2],
                                  const int mi_row, const int mi_col) {
  for (PART4_TYPES i = 0; i < SUB_PARTITIONS_PART4; i++) {
    mi_pos[i][0] = mi_row + i * inc_step[HORZ4];
    mi_pos[i][1] = mi_col + i * inc_step[VERT4];
  }
}

// Set context and RD cost for HORZ4 / VERT4 partition types.
static void set_4_part_ctx_and_rdcost(
    MACROBLOCK *x, const AV1_COMMON *const cm, ThreadData *td,
    PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *cur_part_ctx[SUB_PARTITIONS_PART4],
    PartitionSearchState *part_search_state, PARTITION_TYPE partition_type,
    BLOCK_SIZE bsize) {
  // Initialize sum_rdc RD cost structure.
  av1_init_rd_stats(&part_search_state->sum_rdc);
  const int subsize = get_partition_subsize(bsize, partition_type);
  part_search_state->sum_rdc.rate =
      part_search_state->partition_cost[partition_type];
  part_search_state->sum_rdc.rdcost =
      RDCOST(x->rdmult, part_search_state->sum_rdc.rate, 0);
  for (PART4_TYPES i = 0; i < SUB_PARTITIONS_PART4; ++i) {
    if (cur_part_ctx[i] == NULL)
      cur_part_ctx[i] = av1_alloc_pmc(cm, subsize, &td->shared_coeff_buf);
  }
}

// Partition search of HORZ4 / VERT4 partition types.
static void rd_pick_4partition(
    AV1_COMP *const cpi, ThreadData *td, TileDataEnc *tile_data,
    TokenExtra **tp, MACROBLOCK *x, RD_SEARCH_MACROBLOCK_CONTEXT *x_ctx,
    PC_TREE *pc_tree, PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *cur_part_ctx[SUB_PARTITIONS_PART4],
    PartitionSearchState *part_search_state, RD_STATS *best_rdc,
    const int inc_step[NUM_PART4_TYPES], PARTITION_TYPE partition_type) {
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  // mi positions needed for HORZ4 and VERT4 partition types.
  int mi_pos_check[NUM_PART4_TYPES] = { cm->mi_params.mi_rows,
                                        cm->mi_params.mi_cols };
  const PART4_TYPES part4_idx = (partition_type != PARTITION_HORZ_4);
  int mi_pos[SUB_PARTITIONS_PART4][2];

  blk_params.subsize = get_partition_subsize(blk_params.bsize, partition_type);
  // Set partition context and RD cost.
  set_4_part_ctx_and_rdcost(x, cm, td, cur_part_ctx, part_search_state,
                            partition_type, blk_params.bsize);
  // Set mi positions for sub-block sizes.
  set_mi_pos_partition4(inc_step, mi_pos, blk_params.mi_row, blk_params.mi_col);
#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS
  if (best_rdc.rdcost - part_search_state->sum_rdc.rdcost >= 0) {
    partition_attempts[partition_type] += 1;
    aom_usec_timer_start(&partition_timer);
    partition_timer_on = 1;
  }
#endif
  // Loop over sub-block partitions.
  for (PART4_TYPES i = 0; i < SUB_PARTITIONS_PART4; ++i) {
    if (i > 0 && mi_pos[i][part4_idx] >= mi_pos_check[part4_idx]) break;

    // Sub-block evaluation of Horz4 / Vert4 partition type.
    cur_part_ctx[i]->rd_mode_is_ready = 0;
    if (!rd_try_subblock(
            cpi, td, tile_data, tp, (i == SUB_PARTITIONS_PART4 - 1),
            mi_pos[i][0], mi_pos[i][1], blk_params.subsize, *best_rdc,
            &part_search_state->sum_rdc, partition_type, cur_part_ctx[i])) {
      av1_invalid_rd_stats(&part_search_state->sum_rdc);
      break;
    }
  }

  // Calculate the total cost and update the best partition.
  av1_rd_cost_update(x->rdmult, &part_search_state->sum_rdc);
  if (part_search_state->sum_rdc.rdcost < best_rdc->rdcost) {
    *best_rdc = part_search_state->sum_rdc;
    part_search_state->found_best_partition = true;
    pc_tree->partitioning = partition_type;
  }
#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS
  if (partition_timer_on) {
    aom_usec_timer_mark(&partition_timer);
    int64_t time = aom_usec_timer_elapsed(&partition_timer);
    partition_times[partition_type] += time;
    partition_timer_on = 0;
  }
#endif
  av1_restore_context(x, x_ctx, blk_params.mi_row, blk_params.mi_col,
                      blk_params.bsize, av1_num_planes(cm));
}

// Prune 4-way partitions based on the number of horz/vert wins
// in the current block and sub-blocks in PARTITION_SPLIT.
static void prune_4_partition_using_split_info(
    AV1_COMP *const cpi, MACROBLOCK *x, PartitionSearchState *part_search_state,
    int part4_search_allowed[NUM_PART4_TYPES]) {
  PART4_TYPES cur_part[NUM_PART4_TYPES] = { HORZ4, VERT4 };
  // Count of child blocks in which HORZ or VERT partition has won
  int num_child_rect_win[NUM_RECT_PARTS] = { 0, 0 };
  // Prune HORZ4/VERT4 partitions based on number of HORZ/VERT winners of
  // split partiitons.
  // Conservative pruning for high quantizers.
  const int num_win_thresh = AOMMIN(3 * (MAXQ - x->qindex) / MAXQ + 1, 3);

  for (RECT_PART_TYPE i = HORZ; i < NUM_RECT_PARTS; i++) {
    if (!(cpi->sf.part_sf.prune_4_partition_using_split_info &&
          part4_search_allowed[cur_part[i]]))
      continue;
    // Loop over split partitions.
    // Get reactnagular partitions winner info of split partitions.
    for (int idx = 0; idx < SUB_PARTITIONS_SPLIT; idx++)
      num_child_rect_win[i] +=
          (part_search_state->split_part_rect_win[idx].rect_part_win[i]) ? 1
                                                                         : 0;
    if (num_child_rect_win[i] < num_win_thresh) {
      part4_search_allowed[cur_part[i]] = 0;
    }
  }
}

// Prune 4-way partition search.
static void prune_4_way_partition_search(
    AV1_COMP *const cpi, MACROBLOCK *x, PC_TREE *pc_tree,
    PartitionSearchState *part_search_state, RD_STATS *best_rdc,
    int pb_source_variance, int ext_partition_allowed,
    int part4_search_allowed[NUM_PART4_TYPES]) {
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  const int mi_row = blk_params.mi_row;
  const int mi_col = blk_params.mi_col;
  const int bsize = blk_params.bsize;
  PARTITION_TYPE cur_part[NUM_PART4_TYPES] = { PARTITION_HORZ_4,
                                               PARTITION_VERT_4 };
  const PartitionCfg *const part_cfg = &cpi->oxcf.part_cfg;
  // partition4_allowed is 1 if we can use a PARTITION_HORZ_4 or
  // PARTITION_VERT_4 for this block. This is almost the same as
  // ext_partition_allowed, except that we don't allow 128x32 or 32x128
  // blocks, so we require that bsize is not BLOCK_128X128.
  const int partition4_allowed = part_cfg->enable_1to4_partitions &&
                                 ext_partition_allowed &&
                                 bsize != BLOCK_128X128;

  for (PART4_TYPES i = HORZ4; i < NUM_PART4_TYPES; i++) {
    part4_search_allowed[i] =
        partition4_allowed && part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[i] &&
        get_plane_block_size(get_partition_subsize(bsize, cur_part[i]),
                             part_search_state->ss_x,
                             part_search_state->ss_y) != BLOCK_INVALID;
  }
  // Pruning: pruning out 4-way partitions based on the current best partition.
  if (cpi->sf.part_sf.prune_ext_partition_types_search_level == 2) {
    part4_search_allowed[HORZ4] &= (pc_tree->partitioning == PARTITION_HORZ ||
                                    pc_tree->partitioning == PARTITION_HORZ_A ||
                                    pc_tree->partitioning == PARTITION_HORZ_B ||
                                    pc_tree->partitioning == PARTITION_SPLIT ||
                                    pc_tree->partitioning == PARTITION_NONE);
    part4_search_allowed[VERT4] &= (pc_tree->partitioning == PARTITION_VERT ||
                                    pc_tree->partitioning == PARTITION_VERT_A ||
                                    pc_tree->partitioning == PARTITION_VERT_B ||
                                    pc_tree->partitioning == PARTITION_SPLIT ||
                                    pc_tree->partitioning == PARTITION_NONE);
  }

  // Pruning: pruning out some 4-way partitions using a DNN taking rd costs of
  // sub-blocks from basic partition types.
  if (cpi->sf.part_sf.ml_prune_4_partition && partition4_allowed &&
      part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[HORZ] &&
      part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[VERT]) {
    av1_ml_prune_4_partition(
        cpi, x, bsize, pc_tree->partitioning, best_rdc->rdcost,
        part_search_state->rect_part_rd, part_search_state->split_rd,
        &part4_search_allowed[HORZ4], &part4_search_allowed[VERT4],
        pb_source_variance, mi_row, mi_col);
  }

  // Pruning: pruning out 4-way partitions based on the number of horz/vert wins
  // in the current block and sub-blocks in PARTITION_SPLIT.
  prune_4_partition_using_split_info(cpi, x, part_search_state,
                                     part4_search_allowed);
}

// Set PARTITION_NONE allowed flag.
static AOM_INLINE void set_part_none_allowed_flag(
    AV1_COMP *const cpi, PartitionSearchState *part_search_state) {
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  if ((blk_params.width <= blk_params.min_partition_size_1d) &&
      blk_params.has_rows && blk_params.has_cols)
    part_search_state->partition_none_allowed = 1;
  assert(part_search_state->terminate_partition_search == 0);

  if (part_search_state->partition_none_allowed == BLOCK_INVALID) {
    part_search_state->partition_none_allowed = 0;
    return;
  }

  // Set PARTITION_NONE for screen content.
  if (cpi->is_screen_content_type)
    part_search_state->partition_none_allowed =
        blk_params.has_rows && blk_params.has_cols;
}

// Set params needed for PARTITION_NONE search.
static void set_none_partition_params(const AV1_COMMON *const cm,
                                      ThreadData *td, MACROBLOCK *x,
                                      PC_TREE *pc_tree,
                                      PartitionSearchState *part_search_state,
                                      RD_STATS *best_remain_rdcost,
                                      RD_STATS *best_rdc, int *pt_cost) {
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  RD_STATS partition_rdcost;
  // Set PARTITION_NONE context.
  if (pc_tree->none == NULL)
    pc_tree->none = av1_alloc_pmc(cm, blk_params.bsize, &td->shared_coeff_buf);

  // Set PARTITION_NONE type cost.
  if (part_search_state->partition_none_allowed) {
    if (blk_params.bsize_at_least_8x8) {
      *pt_cost = part_search_state->partition_cost[PARTITION_NONE] < INT_MAX
                     ? part_search_state->partition_cost[PARTITION_NONE]
                     : 0;
    }

    // Initialize the RD stats structure.
    av1_init_rd_stats(&partition_rdcost);
    partition_rdcost.rate = *pt_cost;
    av1_rd_cost_update(x->rdmult, &partition_rdcost);
    av1_rd_stats_subtraction(x->rdmult, best_rdc, &partition_rdcost,
                             best_remain_rdcost);
  }
}

// Skip other partitions based on PARTITION_NONE rd cost.
static void prune_partitions_after_none(AV1_COMP *const cpi, MACROBLOCK *x,
                                        SIMPLE_MOTION_DATA_TREE *sms_tree,
                                        PICK_MODE_CONTEXT *ctx_none,
                                        PartitionSearchState *part_search_state,
                                        RD_STATS *best_rdc,
                                        unsigned int *pb_source_variance) {
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  const CommonModeInfoParams *const mi_params = &cm->mi_params;
  RD_STATS *this_rdc = &part_search_state->this_rdc;
  const BLOCK_SIZE bsize = blk_params.bsize;
  assert(bsize < BLOCK_SIZES_ALL);

  if (!frame_is_intra_only(cm) &&
      (part_search_state->do_square_split ||
       part_search_state->do_rectangular_split) &&
      !x->e_mbd.lossless[xd->mi[0]->segment_id] && ctx_none->skippable) {
    const int use_ml_based_breakout =
        bsize <= cpi->sf.part_sf.use_square_partition_only_threshold &&
        bsize > BLOCK_4X4 && xd->bd == 8;
    if (use_ml_based_breakout) {
      if (av1_ml_predict_breakout(cpi, bsize, x, this_rdc,
                                  *pb_source_variance)) {
        part_search_state->do_square_split = 0;
        part_search_state->do_rectangular_split = 0;
      }
    }

    // Adjust dist breakout threshold according to the partition size.
    const int64_t dist_breakout_thr =
        cpi->sf.part_sf.partition_search_breakout_dist_thr >>
        ((2 * (MAX_SB_SIZE_LOG2 - 2)) -
         (mi_size_wide_log2[bsize] + mi_size_high_log2[bsize]));
    const int rate_breakout_thr =
        cpi->sf.part_sf.partition_search_breakout_rate_thr *
        num_pels_log2_lookup[bsize];
    // If all y, u, v transform blocks in this partition are skippable,
    // and the dist & rate are within the thresholds, the partition
    // search is terminated for current branch of the partition search
    // tree. The dist & rate thresholds are set to 0 at speed 0 to
    // disable the early termination at that speed.
    if (best_rdc->dist < dist_breakout_thr &&
        best_rdc->rate < rate_breakout_thr) {
      part_search_state->do_square_split = 0;
      part_search_state->do_rectangular_split = 0;
    }
  }

  // Early termination: using simple_motion_search features and the
  // rate, distortion, and rdcost of PARTITION_NONE, a DNN will make a
  // decision on early terminating at PARTITION_NONE.
  if (cpi->sf.part_sf.simple_motion_search_early_term_none && cm->show_frame &&
      !frame_is_intra_only(cm) && bsize >= BLOCK_16X16 &&
      blk_params.mi_row_edge < mi_params->mi_rows &&
      blk_params.mi_col_edge < mi_params->mi_cols &&
      this_rdc->rdcost < INT64_MAX && this_rdc->rdcost >= 0 &&
      this_rdc->rate < INT_MAX && this_rdc->rate >= 0 &&
      (part_search_state->do_square_split ||
       part_search_state->do_rectangular_split)) {
    av1_simple_motion_search_early_term_none(
        cpi, x, sms_tree, blk_params.mi_row, blk_params.mi_col, bsize, this_rdc,
        &part_search_state->terminate_partition_search);
  }
}

// Decide early termination and rectangular partition pruning
// based on PARTITION_NONE and PARTITION_SPLIT costs.
static void prune_partitions_after_split(
    AV1_COMP *const cpi, MACROBLOCK *x, SIMPLE_MOTION_DATA_TREE *sms_tree,
    PartitionSearchState *part_search_state, RD_STATS *best_rdc,
    int64_t part_none_rd, int64_t part_split_rd) {
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  const int mi_row = blk_params.mi_row;
  const int mi_col = blk_params.mi_col;
  const BLOCK_SIZE bsize = blk_params.bsize;
  assert(bsize < BLOCK_SIZES_ALL);

  // Early termination: using the rd costs of PARTITION_NONE and subblocks
  // from PARTITION_SPLIT to determine an early breakout.
  if (cpi->sf.part_sf.ml_early_term_after_part_split_level &&
      !frame_is_intra_only(cm) &&
      !part_search_state->terminate_partition_search &&
      part_search_state->do_rectangular_split &&
      (part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[HORZ] ||
       part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[VERT])) {
    av1_ml_early_term_after_split(
        cpi, x, sms_tree, bsize, best_rdc->rdcost, part_none_rd, part_split_rd,
        part_search_state->split_rd, mi_row, mi_col,
        &part_search_state->terminate_partition_search);
  }

  // Use the rd costs of PARTITION_NONE and subblocks from PARTITION_SPLIT
  // to prune out rectangular partitions in some directions.
  if (!cpi->sf.part_sf.ml_early_term_after_part_split_level &&
      cpi->sf.part_sf.ml_prune_rect_partition && !frame_is_intra_only(cm) &&
      (part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[HORZ] ||
       part_search_state->partition_rect_allowed[VERT]) &&
      !(part_search_state->prune_rect_part[HORZ] ||
        part_search_state->prune_rect_part[VERT]) &&
      !part_search_state->terminate_partition_search) {
    av1_setup_src_planes(x, cpi->source, mi_row, mi_col, av1_num_planes(cm),
                         bsize);
    av1_ml_prune_rect_partition(
        cpi, x, bsize, best_rdc->rdcost, part_search_state->none_rd,
        part_search_state->split_rd, &part_search_state->prune_rect_part[HORZ],
        &part_search_state->prune_rect_part[VERT]);
  }
}

// PARTITION_NONE search.
static void none_partition_search(
    AV1_COMP *const cpi, ThreadData *td, TileDataEnc *tile_data, MACROBLOCK *x,
    PC_TREE *pc_tree, SIMPLE_MOTION_DATA_TREE *sms_tree,
    RD_SEARCH_MACROBLOCK_CONTEXT *x_ctx,
    PartitionSearchState *part_search_state, RD_STATS *best_rdc,
    unsigned int *pb_source_variance, int64_t *none_rd, int64_t *part_none_rd) {
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  RD_STATS *this_rdc = &part_search_state->this_rdc;
  const int mi_row = blk_params.mi_row;
  const int mi_col = blk_params.mi_col;
  const BLOCK_SIZE bsize = blk_params.bsize;
  assert(bsize < BLOCK_SIZES_ALL);

  // Set PARTITION_NONE allowed flag.
  set_part_none_allowed_flag(cpi, part_search_state);
  if (!part_search_state->partition_none_allowed) return;

  int pt_cost = 0;
  RD_STATS best_remain_rdcost;

  // Set PARTITION_NONE context and cost.
  set_none_partition_params(cm, td, x, pc_tree, part_search_state,
                            &best_remain_rdcost, best_rdc, &pt_cost);

#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS
  // Timer start for partition None.
  if (best_remain_rdcost >= 0) {
    partition_attempts[PARTITION_NONE] += 1;
    aom_usec_timer_start(&partition_timer);
    partition_timer_on = 1;
  }
#endif
  // PARTITION_NONE evaluation and cost update.
  pick_sb_modes(cpi, tile_data, x, mi_row, mi_col, this_rdc, PARTITION_NONE,
                bsize, pc_tree->none, best_remain_rdcost);
  av1_rd_cost_update(x->rdmult, this_rdc);

#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS
  // Timer end for partition None.
  if (partition_timer_on) {
    aom_usec_timer_mark(&partition_timer);
    int64_t time = aom_usec_timer_elapsed(&partition_timer);
    partition_times[PARTITION_NONE] += time;
    partition_timer_on = 0;
  }
#endif
  *pb_source_variance = x->source_variance;
  if (none_rd) *none_rd = this_rdc->rdcost;
  part_search_state->none_rd = this_rdc->rdcost;
  if (this_rdc->rate != INT_MAX) {
    // Record picked ref frame to prune ref frames for other partition types.
    if (cpi->sf.inter_sf.prune_ref_frame_for_rect_partitions) {
      const int ref_type = av1_ref_frame_type(pc_tree->none->mic.ref_frame);
      av1_update_picked_ref_frames_mask(
          x, ref_type, bsize, cm->seq_params.mib_size, mi_row, mi_col);
    }

    // Calculate the total cost and update the best partition.
    if (blk_params.bsize_at_least_8x8) {
      this_rdc->rate += pt_cost;
      this_rdc->rdcost = RDCOST(x->rdmult, this_rdc->rate, this_rdc->dist);
    }
    *part_none_rd = this_rdc->rdcost;
    if (this_rdc->rdcost < best_rdc->rdcost) {
      *best_rdc = *this_rdc;
      part_search_state->found_best_partition = true;
      if (blk_params.bsize_at_least_8x8) {
        pc_tree->partitioning = PARTITION_NONE;
      }

      // Disable split and rectangular partition search
      // based on PARTITION_NONE cost.
      prune_partitions_after_none(cpi, x, sms_tree, pc_tree->none,
                                  part_search_state, best_rdc,
                                  pb_source_variance);
    }
  }
  av1_restore_context(x, x_ctx, mi_row, mi_col, bsize, av1_num_planes(cm));
}

// PARTITION_SPLIT search.
static void split_partition_search(
    AV1_COMP *const cpi, ThreadData *td, TileDataEnc *tile_data,
    TokenExtra **tp, MACROBLOCK *x, PC_TREE *pc_tree,
    SIMPLE_MOTION_DATA_TREE *sms_tree, RD_SEARCH_MACROBLOCK_CONTEXT *x_ctx,
    PartitionSearchState *part_search_state, RD_STATS *best_rdc,
    SB_MULTI_PASS_MODE multi_pass_mode, int64_t *part_split_rd) {
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state->part_blk_params;
  const CommonModeInfoParams *const mi_params = &cm->mi_params;
  const int mi_row = blk_params.mi_row;
  const int mi_col = blk_params.mi_col;
  const int bsize = blk_params.bsize;
  assert(bsize < BLOCK_SIZES_ALL);
  RD_STATS sum_rdc = part_search_state->sum_rdc;
  const BLOCK_SIZE subsize = get_partition_subsize(bsize, PARTITION_SPLIT);

  // Check if partition split is allowed.
  if (part_search_state->terminate_partition_search ||
      !part_search_state->do_square_split)
    return;

  for (int i = 0; i < SUB_PARTITIONS_SPLIT; ++i) {
    if (pc_tree->split[i] == NULL)
      pc_tree->split[i] = av1_alloc_pc_tree_node(subsize);
    pc_tree->split[i]->index = i;
  }

  // Initialization of this partition RD stats.
  av1_init_rd_stats(&sum_rdc);
  sum_rdc.rate = part_search_state->partition_cost[PARTITION_SPLIT];
  sum_rdc.rdcost = RDCOST(x->rdmult, sum_rdc.rate, 0);

  int idx;
#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS
  if (best_rdc->rdcost - sum_rdc.rdcost >= 0) {
    partition_attempts[PARTITION_SPLIT] += 1;
    aom_usec_timer_start(&partition_timer);
    partition_timer_on = 1;
  }
#endif
  // Recursive partition search on 4 sub-blocks.
  for (idx = 0; idx < SUB_PARTITIONS_SPLIT && sum_rdc.rdcost < best_rdc->rdcost;
       ++idx) {
    const int x_idx = (idx & 1) * blk_params.mi_step;
    const int y_idx = (idx >> 1) * blk_params.mi_step;

    if (mi_row + y_idx >= mi_params->mi_rows ||
        mi_col + x_idx >= mi_params->mi_cols)
      continue;

    pc_tree->split[idx]->index = idx;
    int64_t *p_split_rd = &part_search_state->split_rd[idx];
    RD_STATS best_remain_rdcost;
    av1_rd_stats_subtraction(x->rdmult, best_rdc, &sum_rdc,
                             &best_remain_rdcost);

    int curr_quad_tree_idx = 0;
    if (frame_is_intra_only(cm) && bsize <= BLOCK_64X64) {
      curr_quad_tree_idx = part_search_state->intra_part_info->quad_tree_idx;
      part_search_state->intra_part_info->quad_tree_idx =
          4 * curr_quad_tree_idx + idx + 1;
    }
    // Split partition evaluation of corresponding idx.
    // If the RD cost exceeds the best cost then do not
    // evaluate other split sub-partitions.
    if (!av1_rd_pick_partition(
            cpi, td, tile_data, tp, mi_row + y_idx, mi_col + x_idx, subsize,
            &part_search_state->this_rdc, best_remain_rdcost,
            pc_tree->split[idx], sms_tree->split[idx], p_split_rd,
            multi_pass_mode, &part_search_state->split_part_rect_win[idx])) {
      av1_invalid_rd_stats(&sum_rdc);
      break;
    }
    if (frame_is_intra_only(cm) && bsize <= BLOCK_64X64) {
      part_search_state->intra_part_info->quad_tree_idx = curr_quad_tree_idx;
    }

    sum_rdc.rate += part_search_state->this_rdc.rate;
    sum_rdc.dist += part_search_state->this_rdc.dist;
    av1_rd_cost_update(x->rdmult, &sum_rdc);

    // Set split ctx as ready for use.
    if (idx <= 1 && (bsize <= BLOCK_8X8 ||
                     pc_tree->split[idx]->partitioning == PARTITION_NONE)) {
      const MB_MODE_INFO *const mbmi = &pc_tree->split[idx]->none->mic;
      const PALETTE_MODE_INFO *const pmi = &mbmi->palette_mode_info;
      // Neither palette mode nor cfl predicted.
      if (pmi->palette_size[0] == 0 && pmi->palette_size[1] == 0) {
        if (mbmi->uv_mode != UV_CFL_PRED)
          part_search_state->is_split_ctx_is_ready[idx] = 1;
      }
    }
  }
#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS
  if (partition_timer_on) {
    aom_usec_timer_mark(&partition_timer);
    int64_t time = aom_usec_timer_elapsed(&partition_timer);
    partition_times[PARTITION_SPLIT] += time;
    partition_timer_on = 0;
  }
#endif
  const int reached_last_index = (idx == SUB_PARTITIONS_SPLIT);

  // Calculate the total cost and update the best partition.
  *part_split_rd = sum_rdc.rdcost;
  if (reached_last_index && sum_rdc.rdcost < best_rdc->rdcost) {
    sum_rdc.rdcost = RDCOST(x->rdmult, sum_rdc.rate, sum_rdc.dist);
    if (sum_rdc.rdcost < best_rdc->rdcost) {
      *best_rdc = sum_rdc;
      part_search_state->found_best_partition = true;
      pc_tree->partitioning = PARTITION_SPLIT;
    }
  } else if (cpi->sf.part_sf.less_rectangular_check_level > 0) {
    // Skip rectangular partition test when partition type none gives better
    // rd than partition type split.
    if (cpi->sf.part_sf.less_rectangular_check_level == 2 || idx <= 2) {
      const int partition_none_valid = part_search_state->none_rd > 0;
      const int partition_none_better =
          part_search_state->none_rd < sum_rdc.rdcost;
      part_search_state->do_rectangular_split &=
          !(partition_none_valid && partition_none_better);
    }
  }
  av1_restore_context(x, x_ctx, mi_row, mi_col, bsize, av1_num_planes(cm));
}

/*!\brief AV1 block partition search (full search).
*
* \ingroup partition_search
* \callgraph
* Searches for the best partition pattern for a block based on the
* rate-distortion cost, and returns a bool value to indicate whether a valid
* partition pattern is found. The partition can recursively go down to the
* smallest block size.
*
* This function works on planes determined by get_partition_plane_start() and
* get_partition_plane_end() based on xd->tree_type.
*
* \param[in]    cpi                Top-level encoder structure
* \param[in]    td                 Pointer to thread data
* \param[in]    tile_data          Pointer to struct holding adaptive
data/contexts/models for the tile during
encoding
* \param[in]    tp                 Pointer to the starting token
* \param[in]    mi_row             Row coordinate of the block in a step size
of MI_SIZE
* \param[in]    mi_col             Column coordinate of the block in a step
size of MI_SIZE
* \param[in]    bsize              Current block size
* \param[in]    rd_cost            Pointer to the final rd cost of the block
* \param[in]    best_rdc           Upper bound of rd cost of a valid partition
* \param[in]    pc_tree            Pointer to the PC_TREE node storing the
picked partitions and mode info for the
current block
* \param[in]    sms_tree           Pointer to struct holding simple motion
search data for the current block
* \param[in]    none_rd            Pointer to the rd cost in the case of not
splitting the current block
* \param[in]    multi_pass_mode    SB_SINGLE_PASS/SB_DRY_PASS/SB_WET_PASS
* \param[in]    rect_part_win_info Pointer to struct storing whether horz/vert
partition outperforms previously tested
partitions
*
* \return A bool value is returned indicating if a valid partition is found.
* The pc_tree struct is modified to store the picked partition and modes.
* The rd_cost struct is also updated with the RD stats corresponding to the
* best partition found.
*/
bool av1_rd_pick_partition(AV1_COMP *const cpi, ThreadData *td,
                           TileDataEnc *tile_data, TokenExtra **tp, int mi_row,
                           int mi_col, BLOCK_SIZE bsize, RD_STATS *rd_cost,
                           RD_STATS best_rdc, PC_TREE *pc_tree,
                           SIMPLE_MOTION_DATA_TREE *sms_tree, int64_t *none_rd,
                           SB_MULTI_PASS_MODE multi_pass_mode,
                           RD_RECT_PART_WIN_INFO *rect_part_win_info) {
  const AV1_COMMON *const cm = &cpi->common;
  const int num_planes = av1_num_planes(cm);
  TileInfo *const tile_info = &tile_data->tile_info;
  MACROBLOCK *const x = &td->mb;
  MACROBLOCKD *const xd = &x->e_mbd;
  RD_SEARCH_MACROBLOCK_CONTEXT x_ctx;
  const TokenExtra *const tp_orig = *tp;
  PartitionSearchState part_search_state;
  // Initialization of state variables used in partition search.
  init_partition_search_state_params(x, cpi, &part_search_state, mi_row, mi_col,
                                     bsize);
  PartitionBlkParams blk_params = part_search_state.part_blk_params;

  sms_tree->partitioning = PARTITION_NONE;
  if (best_rdc.rdcost < 0) {
    av1_invalid_rd_stats(rd_cost);
    return part_search_state.found_best_partition;
  }
  if (bsize == cm->seq_params.sb_size) x->must_find_valid_partition = 0;

  // Override skipping rectangular partition operations for edge blocks.
  if (none_rd) *none_rd = 0;
  (void)*tp_orig;

#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS
  int partition_decisions[EXT_PARTITION_TYPES] = { 0 };
  int partition_attempts[EXT_PARTITION_TYPES] = { 0 };
  int64_t partition_times[EXT_PARTITION_TYPES] = { 0 };
  struct aom_usec_timer partition_timer = { 0 };
  int partition_timer_on = 0;
#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS == 2
  PartitionStats *part_stats = &cpi->partition_stats;
#endif
#endif

  // Override partition costs at the edges of the frame in the same
  // way as in read_partition (see decodeframe.c).
  if (!(blk_params.has_rows && blk_params.has_cols))
    set_partition_cost_for_edge_blk(cm, xd, &part_search_state);

  // Disable rectangular partitions for inner blocks when the current block is
  // forced to only use square partitions.
  if (bsize > cpi->sf.part_sf.use_square_partition_only_threshold) {
    part_search_state.partition_rect_allowed[HORZ] &= !blk_params.has_rows;
    part_search_state.partition_rect_allowed[VERT] &= !blk_params.has_cols;
  }

#ifndef NDEBUG
  // Nothing should rely on the default value of this array (which is just
  // leftover from encoding the previous block. Setting it to fixed pattern
  // when debugging.
  // bit 0, 1, 2 are blk_skip of each plane
  // bit 4, 5, 6 are initialization checking of each plane
  memset(x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip, 0x77,
         sizeof(x->txfm_search_info.blk_skip));
#endif  // NDEBUG

  assert(mi_size_wide[bsize] == mi_size_high[bsize]);

  // Set buffers and offsets.
  av1_set_offsets(cpi, tile_info, x, mi_row, mi_col, bsize);

  // Save rdmult before it might be changed, so it can be restored later.
  const int orig_rdmult = x->rdmult;
  setup_block_rdmult(cpi, x, mi_row, mi_col, bsize, NO_AQ, NULL);

  // Update rd cost of the bound using the current multiplier.
  av1_rd_cost_update(x->rdmult, &best_rdc);

  if (bsize == BLOCK_16X16 && cpi->vaq_refresh)
    x->mb_energy = av1_log_block_var(cpi, x, bsize);

  // Set the context.
  xd->above_txfm_context =
      cm->above_contexts.txfm[tile_info->tile_row] + mi_col;
  xd->left_txfm_context =
      xd->left_txfm_context_buffer + (mi_row & MAX_MIB_MASK);
  av1_save_context(x, &x_ctx, mi_row, mi_col, bsize, num_planes);

  int *partition_horz_allowed = &part_search_state.partition_rect_allowed[HORZ];
  int *partition_vert_allowed = &part_search_state.partition_rect_allowed[VERT];
  int *prune_horz = &part_search_state.prune_rect_part[HORZ];
  int *prune_vert = &part_search_state.prune_rect_part[VERT];
  // Pruning: before searching any partition type, using source and simple
  // motion search results to prune out unlikely partitions.
  av1_prune_partitions_before_search(
      cpi, x, mi_row, mi_col, bsize, sms_tree,
      &part_search_state.partition_none_allowed, partition_horz_allowed,
      partition_vert_allowed, &part_search_state.do_rectangular_split,
      &part_search_state.do_square_split, prune_horz, prune_vert);

  // Pruning: eliminating partition types leading to coding block sizes outside
  // the min and max bsize limitations set from the encoder.
  av1_prune_partitions_by_max_min_bsize(
      &x->sb_enc, bsize, blk_params.has_rows && blk_params.has_cols,
      &part_search_state.partition_none_allowed, partition_horz_allowed,
      partition_vert_allowed, &part_search_state.do_square_split);

  int luma_split_flag = 0;
  int parent_block_width = block_size_wide[bsize];
  const CommonModeInfoParams *const mi_params = &cm->mi_params;
  if (xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART && parent_block_width >= SHARED_PART_SIZE) {
    luma_split_flag = get_luma_split_flag(bsize, mi_params, mi_row, mi_col);
  }
  // if luma blocks uses smaller blocks, then chroma will also split
  if (luma_split_flag > 3) {
    part_search_state.partition_none_allowed = BLOCK_INVALID;
    part_search_state.partition_rect_allowed[HORZ] = 0;
    part_search_state.partition_rect_allowed[VERT] = 0;
  }

  // Partition search
BEGIN_PARTITION_SEARCH:
  // If a valid partition is required, usually when the first round cannot find
  // a valid one under the cost limit after pruning, reset the limitations on
  // partition types.
  if (x->must_find_valid_partition)
    reset_part_limitations(cpi, &part_search_state);

  // Partition block source pixel variance.
  unsigned int pb_source_variance = UINT_MAX;

  // PARTITION_NONE search stage.
  int64_t part_none_rd = INT64_MAX;
  none_partition_search(cpi, td, tile_data, x, pc_tree, sms_tree, &x_ctx,
                        &part_search_state, &best_rdc, &pb_source_variance,
                        none_rd, &part_none_rd);

  // PARTITION_SPLIT search stage.
  int64_t part_split_rd = INT64_MAX;
  split_partition_search(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, x, pc_tree, sms_tree, &x_ctx,
                         &part_search_state, &best_rdc, multi_pass_mode,
                         &part_split_rd);

  // Terminate partition search for child partition,
  // when NONE and SPLIT partition rd_costs are INT64_MAX.
  if (cpi->sf.part_sf.early_term_after_none_split &&
      part_none_rd == INT64_MAX && part_split_rd == INT64_MAX &&
      !x->must_find_valid_partition && (bsize != cm->seq_params.sb_size)) {
    part_search_state.terminate_partition_search = 1;
  }

  // Prune partitions based on PARTITION_NONE and PARTITION_SPLIT.
  prune_partitions_after_split(cpi, x, sms_tree, &part_search_state, &best_rdc,
                               part_none_rd, part_split_rd);

  // Rectangular partitions search stage.
  rectangular_partition_search(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, x, pc_tree, &x_ctx,
                               &part_search_state, &best_rdc,
                               rect_part_win_info);

  if (pb_source_variance == UINT_MAX) {
    av1_setup_src_planes(x, cpi->source, mi_row, mi_col, num_planes, bsize);
    pb_source_variance = av1_high_get_sby_perpixel_variance(
        cpi, &x->plane[0].src, bsize, xd->bd);
  }

  assert(IMPLIES(!cpi->oxcf.part_cfg.enable_rect_partitions,
                 !part_search_state.do_rectangular_split));

  const int ext_partition_allowed =
      part_search_state.do_rectangular_split &&
      bsize > cpi->sf.part_sf.ext_partition_eval_thresh &&
      blk_params.has_rows && blk_params.has_cols && ((luma_split_flag <= 3));

  // AB partitions search stage.
  ab_partitions_search(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, x, &x_ctx, pc_tree,
                       &part_search_state, &best_rdc, rect_part_win_info,
                       pb_source_variance, ext_partition_allowed);

  // 4-way partitions search stage.
  int part4_search_allowed[NUM_PART4_TYPES] = { 1, 1 };

  // Disable 4-way partition search flags for width less than twice the minimum
  // width.
  if (blk_params.width < (blk_params.min_partition_size_1d << 2) ||
      (xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART && bsize <= BLOCK_16X16) ||
      (luma_split_flag > 3)) {
    part4_search_allowed[HORZ4] = 0;
    part4_search_allowed[VERT4] = 0;
  } else {
    // Prune 4-way partition search.
    prune_4_way_partition_search(cpi, x, pc_tree, &part_search_state, &best_rdc,
                                 pb_source_variance, ext_partition_allowed,
                                 part4_search_allowed);
  }

  // PARTITION_HORZ_4
  assert(IMPLIES(!cpi->oxcf.part_cfg.enable_rect_partitions,
                 !part4_search_allowed[HORZ4]));
  if (!part_search_state.terminate_partition_search &&
      part4_search_allowed[HORZ4] && blk_params.has_rows &&
      (part_search_state.do_rectangular_split ||
       av1_active_h_edge(cpi, mi_row, blk_params.mi_step))) {
    const int inc_step[NUM_PART4_TYPES] = { mi_size_high[blk_params.bsize] / 4,
                                            0 };
    // Evaluation of Horz4 partition type.
    rd_pick_4partition(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, x, &x_ctx, pc_tree,
                       pc_tree->horizontal4, &part_search_state, &best_rdc,
                       inc_step, PARTITION_HORZ_4);
  }

  // PARTITION_VERT_4
  assert(IMPLIES(!cpi->oxcf.part_cfg.enable_rect_partitions,
                 !part4_search_allowed[VERT4]));
  if (!part_search_state.terminate_partition_search &&
      part4_search_allowed[VERT4] && blk_params.has_cols &&
      (part_search_state.do_rectangular_split ||
       av1_active_v_edge(cpi, mi_row, blk_params.mi_step))) {
    const int inc_step[NUM_PART4_TYPES] = { 0, mi_size_wide[blk_params.bsize] /
                                                   4 };
    // Evaluation of Vert4 partition type.
    rd_pick_4partition(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, x, &x_ctx, pc_tree,
                       pc_tree->vertical4, &part_search_state, &best_rdc,
                       inc_step, PARTITION_VERT_4);
  }

  if (bsize == cm->seq_params.sb_size &&
      !part_search_state.found_best_partition) {
    // Did not find a valid partition, go back and search again, with less
    // constraint on which partition types to search.
    x->must_find_valid_partition = 1;
#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS == 2
    part_stats->partition_redo += 1;
#endif
    goto BEGIN_PARTITION_SEARCH;
  }

  // Store the final rd cost
  *rd_cost = best_rdc;

  // Also record the best partition in simple motion data tree because it is
  // necessary for the related speed features.
  sms_tree->partitioning = pc_tree->partitioning;

  if (luma_split_flag > 3) {
    assert(pc_tree->partitioning == PARTITION_SPLIT);
  }

#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS
  if (best_rdc.rate < INT_MAX && best_rdc.dist < INT64_MAX) {
    partition_decisions[pc_tree->partitioning] += 1;
  }
#endif

#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS == 1
  // If CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS is 1, then print out the stats for each
  // prediction block.
  FILE *f = fopen("data.csv", "a");
  fprintf(f, "%d,%d,%d,", bsize, cm->show_frame, frame_is_intra_only(cm));
  for (int idx = 0; idx < EXT_PARTITION_TYPES; idx++) {
    fprintf(f, "%d,", partition_decisions[idx]);
  }
  for (int idx = 0; idx < EXT_PARTITION_TYPES; idx++) {
    fprintf(f, "%d,", partition_attempts[idx]);
  }
  for (int idx = 0; idx < EXT_PARTITION_TYPES; idx++) {
    fprintf(f, "%ld,", partition_times[idx]);
  }
  fprintf(f, "\n");
  fclose(f);
#endif

#if CONFIG_COLLECT_PARTITION_STATS == 2
  // If CONFIG_COLLECTION_PARTITION_STATS is 2, then we print out the stats for
  // the whole clip. So we need to pass the information upstream to the encoder.
  const int bsize_idx = av1_get_bsize_idx_for_part_stats(bsize);
  int *agg_attempts = part_stats->partition_attempts[bsize_idx];
  int *agg_decisions = part_stats->partition_decisions[bsize_idx];
  int64_t *agg_times = part_stats->partition_times[bsize_idx];
  for (int idx = 0; idx < EXT_PARTITION_TYPES; idx++) {
    agg_attempts[idx] += partition_attempts[idx];
    agg_decisions[idx] += partition_decisions[idx];
    agg_times[idx] += partition_times[idx];
  }
#endif

  // Reset the PC_TREE deallocation flag.
  int pc_tree_dealloc = 0;

  // If a valid partition is found and reconstruction is required for future
  // sub-blocks in the same group.
  if (part_search_state.found_best_partition && pc_tree->index != 3) {
    if (bsize == cm->seq_params.sb_size) {
      // Encode the superblock.
      const int emit_output = multi_pass_mode != SB_DRY_PASS;
      const RUN_TYPE run_type = emit_output ? OUTPUT_ENABLED : DRY_RUN_NORMAL;
      x->cb_offset[xd->tree_type == CHROMA_PART] = 0;
      encode_sb(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, mi_row, mi_col, run_type, bsize,
                pc_tree, NULL);
      // Dealloc the whole PC_TREE after a superblock is done.
      av1_free_pc_tree_recursive(pc_tree, num_planes, 0, 0);
      pc_tree_dealloc = 1;
    } else {
      // Encode the smaller blocks in DRY_RUN mode.
      encode_sb(cpi, td, tile_data, tp, mi_row, mi_col, DRY_RUN_NORMAL, bsize,
                pc_tree, NULL);
    }
  }

  // If the tree still exists (non-superblock), dealloc most nodes, only keep
  // nodes for the best partition and PARTITION_NONE.
  if (pc_tree_dealloc == 0)
    av1_free_pc_tree_recursive(pc_tree, num_planes, 1, 1);

  if (bsize == cm->seq_params.sb_size) {
    assert(best_rdc.rate < INT_MAX);
    assert(best_rdc.dist < INT64_MAX);
  } else {
    assert(tp_orig == *tp);
  }

  // Restore the rd multiplier.
  x->rdmult = orig_rdmult;
  return part_search_state.found_best_partition;
}